在python提示符下,help(int)可以得到 class int 的帮助; help("math") 可以得到 built-in module math 的帮助;...等等
>>> help(int) Help on class int in module builtins: class int(object) | int([x]) -> integer | int(x, base=10) -> integer | | Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments | are given. If x is a number, return x.__int__(). For floating point | numbers, this truncates towards zero. | | If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string, | bytes, or bytearray instance representing an integer literal in the | given base. The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded | by whitespace. The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36. | Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal. | >>> int('0b100', base=0) | 4 | | Built-in subclasses: | bool | | Methods defined here: | | __abs__(self, /) | abs(self) | | __add__(self, value, /) | Return self+value. | | __and__(self, value, /) | Return self&value. | | __bool__(self, /) | self != 0 | | __ceil__(...) | Ceiling of an Integral returns itself. | | __divmod__(self, value, /) | Return divmod(self, value). | | __eq__(self, value, /) | Return self==value. | | __float__(self, /) | float(self) | | __floor__(...) | Flooring an Integral returns itself. | | __floordiv__(self, value, /) | Return self//value. | | __format__(self, format_spec, /) | Default object formatter. | | __ge__(self, value, /) | Return self>=value. | | __getattribute__(self, name, /) | Return getattr(self, name). | | __getnewargs__(self, /) | | __gt__(self, value, /) | Return self>value. | | __hash__(self, /) | Return hash(self). | | __index__(self, /) | Return self converted to an integer, if self is suitable for use as an index into a list. | | __int__(self, /) | int(self) | | __invert__(self, /) | ~self | | __le__(self, value, /) | Return self<=value. | | __lshift__(self, value, /) | Return self<<value. | | __lt__(self, value, /) | Return self<value. | | __mod__(self, value, /) | Return self%value. | | __mul__(self, value, /) | Return self*value. | | __ne__(self, value, /) | Return self!=value. | | __neg__(self, /) | -self | | __or__(self, value, /) | Return self|value. | | __pos__(self, /) | +self | | __pow__(self, value, mod=None, /) | Return pow(self, value, mod). | | __radd__(self, value, /) | Return value+self. | | __rand__(self, value, /) | Return value&self. | | __rdivmod__(self, value, /) | Return divmod(value, self). | | __repr__(self, /) | Return repr(self). | | __rfloordiv__(self, value, /) | Return value//self. | | __rlshift__(self, value, /) | Return value<<self. | | __rmod__(self, value, /) | Return value%self. | | __rmul__(self, value, /) | Return value*self. | | __ror__(self, value, /) | Return value|self. | | __round__(...) | Rounding an Integral returns itself. | Rounding with an ndigits argument also returns an integer. | | __rpow__(self, value, mod=None, /) | Return pow(value, self, mod). | | __rrshift__(self, value, /) | Return value>>self. | | __rshift__(self, value, /) | Return self>>value. | | __rsub__(self, value, /) | Return value-self. | | __rtruediv__(self, value, /) | Return value/self. | | __rxor__(self, value, /) | Return value^self. | | __sizeof__(self, /) | Returns size in memory, in bytes. | | __sub__(self, value, /) | Return self-value. | | __truediv__(self, value, /) | Return self/value. | | __trunc__(...) | Truncating an Integral returns itself. | | __xor__(self, value, /) | Return self^value. | | as_integer_ratio(self, /) | Return integer ratio. | | Return a pair of integers, whose ratio is exactly equal to the original int | and with a positive denominator. | | >>> (10).as_integer_ratio() | (10, 1) | >>> (-10).as_integer_ratio() | (-10, 1) | >>> (0).as_integer_ratio() | (0, 1) | | bit_length(self, /) | Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary. | | >>> bin(37) | '0b100101' | >>> (37).bit_length() | 6 | | conjugate(...) | Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int. | | to_bytes(self, /, length, byteorder, *, signed=False) | Return an array of bytes representing an integer. | | length | Length of bytes object to use. An OverflowError is raised if the | integer is not representable with the given number of bytes. | byteorder | The byte order used to represent the integer. If byteorder is 'big', | the most significant byte is at the beginning of the byte array. If | byteorder is 'little', the most significant byte is at the end of the | byte array. To request the native byte order of the host system, use | `sys.byteorder' as the byte order value. | signed | Determines whether two's complement is used to represent the integer. | If signed is False and a negative integer is given, an OverflowError | is raised. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Class methods defined here: | | from_bytes(bytes, byteorder, *, signed=False) from builtins.type | Return the integer represented by the given array of bytes. | | bytes | Holds the array of bytes to convert. The argument must either | support the buffer protocol or be an iterable object producing bytes. | Bytes and bytearray are examples of built-in objects that support the | buffer protocol. | byteorder | The byte order used to represent the integer. If byteorder is 'big', | the most significant byte is at the beginning of the byte array. If | byteorder is 'little', the most significant byte is at the end of the | byte array. To request the native byte order of the host system, use | `sys.byteorder' as the byte order value. | signed | Indicates whether two's complement is used to represent the integer. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Static methods defined here: | | __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type | Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors defined here: | | denominator | the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms | | imag | the imaginary part of a complex number | | numerator | the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms | | real | the real part of a complex number
可以用以下代码,批量抓取帮助文档,部分文档的内容很有学习参考价值。
import sys str=["int","float","complex","str","array","list","tuple","set","dict", "math","cmath","random","sys","os","json","pickle","shelve","xml", "re","logging","getpass","subprocess","hashlib","shutil","time", "datetime","configparser","traceback","itertools", "openpyxl","pyautogui","pymysql","numpy","pandas","scipy","six", "matplotlib","pybrain","ipython","seaborn","anaconda","yaml", "esptool","jupyter","sympy","markupsafe","pymsgbox","mouseifo", "win32api","win32con","win32gui","help"] i = 0 out = sys.stdout #保存标准输出流 for s in str: i += 1 fn = "help" + ("%03d" % i) + "_" + s + ".txt" f=open(fn, 'w') sys.stdout = f help(s) f.close() sys.stdout = out #恢复标准输出流 print("end")
帮助文档清单:
E:\Python>dir help*
驱动器 E 中的卷没有标签。
卷的序列号是 000D-8746
E:\Python 的目录
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 7,376 help001_int.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 5,393 help002_float.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 3,055 help003_complex.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 15,060 help004_str.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 18,132 help005_array.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 3,730 help006_list.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 2,026 help007_tuple.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 4,323 help008_set.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 3,891 help009_dict.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 8,109 help010_math.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 2,949 help011_cmath.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 25,506 help012_random.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 15,424 help013_sys.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 51,197 help014_os.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 24,838 help015_json.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 21,188 help016_pickle.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 18,570 help017_shelve.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 1,225 help018_xml.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 18,428 help019_re.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 51,018 help020_logging.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 3,728 help021_getpass.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 22,244 help022_subprocess.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 14,001 help023_hashlib.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 23,320 help024_shutil.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 11,092 help025_time.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 21,670 help026_datetime.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 79,356 help027_configparser.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 18,562 help028_traceback.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 20,645 help029_itertools.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 942 help030_openpyxl.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 50,019 help031_pyautogui.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 83,204 help032_pymysql.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 2,573,280 help033_numpy.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 3,354 help034_pandas.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 1,866,667 help035_scipy.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 21,210 help036_six.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 24,818 help037_matplotlib.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 73 help038_pybrain.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 139 help039_ipython.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 733 help040_seaborn.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 140 help041_anaconda.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 13,057 help042_yaml.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 187,145 help043_esptool.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 200 help044_jupyter.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 30,978,676 help045_sympy.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 20,481 help046_markupsafe.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 1,705 help047_pymsgbox.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 140 help048_mouseifo.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 10,124 help049_win32api.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 129,227 help050_win32con.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 13,720 help051_win32gui.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 126,032 help052_help.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:24 833,031 help_Python.rar
53 个文件 37,454,173 字节
0 个目录 162,196,828,160 可用字节
E:\Python>