LeetCode 1343. 大小为 K 且平均值大于等于阈值的子数组数目
Table of Contents
中文版:
给你一个整数数组 arr 和两个整数 k 和 threshold 。
请你返回长度为 k 且平均值大于等于 threshold 的子数组数目。
示例 1:
输入:arr = [2,2,2,2,5,5,5,8], k = 3, threshold = 4
输出:3
解释:子数组 [2,5,5],[5,5,5] 和 [5,5,8] 的平均值分别为 4,5 和 6 。其他长度为 3 的子数组的平均值都小于 4 (threshold 的值)。
示例 2:
输入:arr = [1,1,1,1,1], k = 1, threshold = 0
输出:5
示例 3:
输入:arr = [11,13,17,23,29,31,7,5,2,3], k = 3, threshold = 5
输出:6
解释:前 6 个长度为 3 的子数组平均值都大于 5 。注意平均值不是整数。
示例 4:
输入:arr = [7,7,7,7,7,7,7], k = 7, threshold = 7
输出:1
示例 5:
输入:arr = [4,4,4,4], k = 4, threshold = 1
输出:1
提示:
1 <= arr.length <= 10^5
1 <= arr[i] <= 10^4
1 <= k <= arr.length
0 <= threshold <= 10^4
英文版:
Number of Sub-arrays of Size K and Average Greater than or Equal to Threshold Given an array of integers arr and two integers k and threshold. Return the number of sub-arrays of size k and average greater than or equal to threshold. Example 1: Input: arr = [2,2,2,2,5,5,5,8], k = 3, threshold = 4 Output: 3 Explanation: Sub-arrays [2,5,5],[5,5,5] and [5,5,8] have averages 4, 5 and 6 respectively. All other sub-arrays of size 3 have averages less than 4 (the threshold). Example 2: Input: arr = [1,1,1,1,1], k = 1, threshold = 0 Output: 5 Example 3: Input: arr = [11,13,17,23,29,31,7,5,2,3], k = 3, threshold = 5 Output: 6 Explanation: The first 6 sub-arrays of size 3 have averages greater than 5. Note that averages are not integers. Example 4: Input: arr = [7,7,7,7,7,7,7], k = 7, threshold = 7 Output: 1 Example 5: Input: arr = [4,4,4,4], k = 4, threshold = 1 Output: 1 Constraints: 1 <= arr.length <= 10^5 1 <= arr[i] <= 10^4 1 <= k <= arr.length 0 <= threshold <= 10^4
My answer:
# 以下为未通过代码 class Solution: def numOfSubarrays(self, arr: List[int], k: int, threshold: int) -> int: res = 0 l = len(arr) for i in range(l-k+1): j = 1 getsum = arr[i] # print(getsum) while j < k: getsum += arr[i+j] j += 1 avg = getsum / k if avg >= threshold: res += 1 return res
上述代码未通过的原因是超时。虽然题目中给的例子全部通过,但是仍报超时错误,再一次提醒我要看题目中给的限制。显然,本题中的限制1 <= arr.length <= 10^5 就在提醒不能用双重循环。
该解法思想:
遍历数组中的每个数,再看由每个数及后面的 k-1 个数是否满足题意。
既然双重循环会超时,则降低时间复杂度为 O(n) 即可。代码如下:
class Solution: def numOfSubarrays(self, arr: List[int], k: int, threshold: int) -> int: res = 0 getsum = k * threshold # 后面数的和大于getsum 即可,不用除以 k 求平均值与threshold比较 base = 0 # 先找出第一组 k 个数,判断是否满足条件 for i in range(k): base += arr[i] if base >= getsum: res += 1 # 继续寻找数组,利用滑动窗口的思想,右边加一个数,左边减一个数,每次新数组都判断是否满足题意 for i in range(k,len(arr)): base = base + arr[i] - arr[i-k] if base >= getsum: res += 1 return res
解题报告:
如上述代码中注释所写,本题算法为 “滑动窗口”。
注意能不开辟新空间就不开辟,若能用一个变量暂存结果就不要开数组。