linux GTK教程（消息机制/标签/按钮/图像/文本/对话框/菜单/容器）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    GtkWidget *window;
    gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
    
    window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);//参数表示创建主窗口
    
    g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete event",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);//空间和消息函数创建关联
    gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"test");
    gtk_widget_show(window);
    
    gtk_main();
    
    return 0;
}

gulong g_signal_connect(gpointer object, const gchar* name, GCallback func, gpointer func_data);
//object指向产生消息的控件
//name为消息名称
//func为发生消息后的回调函数
//func_data是床递给消息处理函数func的参数

//func
void callback_func(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer func_data);
//widget指向接收消息的控件
//func_data是传递的消息

//另外一个connect函数，它不提供消息的传送
gulong g_signal_connect_swapped(gpointer object,const gchar *name,GCallback func, gpointer slot_object);

//一般按钮的创建函数

GtkWidget* gtk_button_new(void)
//空按钮

GtkWidget* gtk_button_new_with_label(const gchar* label)
//带标签的

GtkWidget* gtk_button_new_with_mnemonic(congst gchar* label)
//带助记符的

GtkWidget* gtk_button_new_from_stock(const gchar* stock_id)
//基于固定項按钮--->由一个图标，一个文本标签和一个可选的快捷键组成

//其他函数

const gchar *gtk_button_get_label(GtkButton *button)
//获取标签文本

void gtk_button_set_label(GtkButton *button)

gboolean gtk_button_get_focus_on_click(GtkButton *button)
//获取按钮焦点
gboolean gtk_button_set_focus_on_click(GtkButton *button)
GtkWidget* gtk_button_get_image(GtkButton *button)
//获取按钮图像

GtkWidget* gtk_button_set_image(GtkButton *button)

//对给定按钮构件b u t t o n引发p r e s s e d信号，效果是直接调用p r e s s e d信号对应的回调函数：
void gtk_button_pressed (GtkButton *button);
//对给定按钮构件b u t t o n引发r e l e a s e d信号：
void gtk_button_released (GtkButton *button);
//对给定按钮构件b u t t o n引发c l i c k e d信号：
void gtk_button_clicked (GtkButton *button);
//对给定按钮构件b u t t o n引发e n t e r信号：
void gtk_button_enter (GtkButton *button);
//对给定按钮构件b u t t o n引发l e a v e信号：
void gtk_button_leave (GtkButton *button);

GtkWidget *gtk_label_new(const char *str)
GtkWidget *gtk_laber_new_with_mnemonic(const char *str)
//第二个创建了一个带助记符的标签

void gtk_label_set_text(GtkLaber *label, const char *str)
//改变标签文本

const gchar* gtk_label_get_text(GtkLabel *label)
//获取标签当前文本

void gtk_label_set_justify(...)
//设置对齐方式

void gtk_label_set_line_wrap(..)
//激活自动换行

void gtk_label_set_pattern(..)
//加下划线

//创建开关按钮
GtkWidget *gtk_toggle_button_new(void)
GtkWidget *gtk_toggle_button_new_with_label(const gchar *label)
GtkWidget *gtk_toggle_button_new_with_mnemonic(const gchar *label)

//检查按钮状态
gboolean gtk_toggle_button_get_active(GtkToggleButton *toggle_button)

//设置按钮状态
void gtk_toggle_button_set_active(GtkToggleButton *toggle_button, gboolean is_active)

//创建复选按钮,检查函数同上
GtkWIdget *gtk_check_button_new(void)
GtkWIdget *gtk_check_button_new_with_label(const gchar* label)
GtkWIdget *gtk_check_button_new_with_mnemonic(const gchar* label)

//创建单选按钮
GtkWidget *gtk_radio_button_new( GSList *group );
GtkWidget *gtk_radio_button_new_from_widget( GtkRadioButton *group );
GtkWidget *gtk_radio_button_new_with_label( GSList *group,const gchar *label );
GtkWidget* gtk_radio_button_new_with_label_from_widget( GtkRadioButton *group,const gchar *label );
GtkWidget *gtk_radio_button_new_with_mnemonic( GSList *group,const gchar *label );
GtkWidget *gtk_radio_button_new_with_mnemonic_from_widget( GtkRadioButton *group,const gchar *label );

//单选按钮的属性

//创建组获取组标识
GSList *gtk_radio_button_get_group(GtkRadioButton *radio_button)

//设置组中的单选按钮
GSList *gtk_radio_button_set_group(GtkRadioButton *radio_button)

//图像控件创建函数
GtkWidget* gtk_image_new(void)
GtkWidget* gtk_image_new_file(const gchar* filename)
GtkWidget* gtk_image_new_from_pixmap(GdkPixmap *pixmap)
GtkWidget* gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(GdkPixbuf *pixbuf)
GtkWidget* gtk_image_new_from_stock(const gchar* stock_id)
GtkWidget* gtk_image_new_from_animation(GdkPixbufAnimation *animation)

//属性设置
void gtk_image_set_from_pixmap(...)
void gtk_image_set_from_image(...)
void gtk_image_set_from_file(...)
void gtk_image_set_from_pixfuf(...)
void gtk_image_set_from_stock(...)
void gtk_image_set_from_animation(...)

//图片信息获取函数
void gtk_image_get_pixmap(...)
void gtk_image_get_image(...)
GdkPixbuf* gtk_image_get_pixbuf(...)
void gtk_image_get_icon_name(...)
GdkPixbufAnimation* gtk_image_get_animation(...)

//清空图像
void gtk_image_clear(GtkImage *image)

//单行输入
GtkWidget *gtk_entry_new(void)

//属性设置
void gtk_entry_set_max_length(GtkEntry* entry,gint max)
gint gtk_entry_get_max_length(GtkEntry* entry)
void gtk_entry_set_visibility(GtkEntry* entry,gboolean visible)
gboolean gtk_entry_get_visibility(GtkEntry* entry)
void gtk_editable_set_editable(GtkEditable* entry, gboolean editable)
gboolean gtk_editable_get_editable(GtkEditable* entry)
void gtk_entry_set_text(GtkEntry *entry, const gchar* text)
const gchar*  gtk_entry_get_text(GtkEntry *entry)


//多行输入
GtkWidget *gtk_text_new(GtkAdjustment *hadj, GtkAdjustment *vadj)

//属性设置
void gtk_text_set_editable(GtkText *text, gboolean editable)
void gtk_text_set_adjustments(GtkText *text,GtkAjustment* hadj,GtkAjustment *vadj)
void gtk_text_set_word_wrap(GtkText* text,gboolean word_wrap)
guint gtk_text_get_point(GtkText *text)
void gtk_text_set_point(GtkText *text,guint index)
guint gtk_text_get_length(GtkText *text)
void gtk_text_insert(GtkText *text,GdkFont *font,GdkColor *fore,GdkColor *back,const char *chars,gint length)

//创建滚动条
vscrollbar = gtk_vscrollbar_new(GTK_TEXT(text)->vadj)

//注意：编译时候，要添加-DGTK_ENABLE_BROKEN
gcc test.c -Wall -o test -DGTK_ENABLE_BROKEN `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0`

//对话框结构
struct GtkDialog{
    GtkWindow window;           //窗口
    
    GtkWidget *vbox;            //垂直组装盒
    GtkWidget *action_area;     //活动区
    GtkWidget *separator;       //分割线
};


//创建函数
GtkWidget* gtk_dialog_new(void)
GtkWidget* gtk_dialog_new_with_buttons(const gchar  *title, GtkWindow *parent,

GtkDialogFlags flags,const gchar *first_button_text,...);

//添加分割线
void gtk_dialog_set_has_separator(GtkDialog *dialog, gboolean setting)

//添加按钮
GtkWidget* gtk_dialog_add_button(GtkDialog *dialog, const gchar *button_text,gint response_id);
void gtk_dialog_add_buttons(GtkDialog *dialog,const gchar *first_button_text,...)

//创建函数
GtkWidget *gtk_file_selection_new(const gchar *title)

//属性设置
void gtk_file_selection_set_filename(GtkFileSelection *filesel,const gchar *filename);//设置默认路径，filesel文件选择控件标识，filename设置的目录和文件名

gchar* gtk_file_selection_get_filename(gtkfileselection *filesel);//获取所选文件

void gtk_file_selection_show_fileop_buttons(GtkFileSelection *filesel)//显示文件按钮

void gtk_file_selection_set_select_multiple(GtkFileSelection *filesel,gboolean select_multiple)//设置文件多选模式

//创建菜单
GtkWIdget* gtk_menu_new(void)

//创建菜单项
GtkWidget* gtk_menu_item_new(void)
GtkWidget* gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(const gchar *label)
GtkWidget* gtk_menu_item_new_with_mnemonic(const gchar *label)

//创建菜单栏
GtkWidget* gtk_menu_new(void)

//将菜单項追加到菜单項列表的最后位置
#define gtk_menu_append(menu,child) gtk_menu_shell_append((GtkMenuShell *)(menu),(child))
//将菜单項添加到菜单項列表的开始位置
#define gtk_menu_prepend(menu,child) gtk_menu_shell_prepend((GtkMenuShell *)(menu),(child))
//将菜单項添加到菜单項列表的指定位置
#define gtk_menu_insert(menu,child,pos) gtk_menu_shell_insert((GtkMenuShell *)(menu),(child),(pos))


//将根菜单項与子菜单項进行关联
void gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GtkMenuItem *menu_item,GtkWidget* submenu)


//将菜单項加到菜单栏
#define gtk_menu_bar_append(menu,child) gtk_menu_shell_append((GtkMenuShell *)(menu),(child))
#define gtk_menu_bar_prepend(menu,child) gtk_menu_shell_prepend((GtkMenuShell *)(menu),(child))
#define gtk_menu_bar_insert(menu,child,pos) gtk_menu_shell_insert((GtkMenuShell *)(menu),(child),(pos))

//创建组装盒
GtkWIght* gtk_hbox_new(gboolean homogeneous, gint spacing)//横向
GtkWIght* gtk_vbox_new(gboolean homogeneous, gint spacing)//纵向

//加入控件
void gtk_box_pack_start(GtkBox *box,GtkWidget *child,gboolean expand,gboolean fill,guint padding);//放在顶部或左边
void gtk_box_pack_end(GtkBox *box,GtkWidget *child,gboolean expand,gboolean fill,guint padding);//放在下部或右边
//box为组装盒,expend为可填充控件,fill是否充分利用空间,padding控件周围保留的间距

//除此之外，还有按钮盒(GtkButtonBox)

//创建表格
GtkWidget* gtk_table_new(guint rows, guint columns, gboolean homogeneous)

//添加控件表格的参数
void gtk_table_attach(GtkTable *table, GtkWidget *child, guint left_attach,guint right_attach,guint top_attach,guint botton_attach,GtkAttahOptions xoptions,GtkAttachOptions yoptions,guint xpadding,guint ypadding);
void gtk_table_attach_default(GtkTable *table, GtkWidget *child, guint left_attach,guint right_attach,guint top_attach,guint botton_attach);
//table表名，child控件名

//属性设置
void gtk_table_set_row_spacing(...)
guint gtk_table_get_row_spacing(...)

void gtk_table_set_col_spacing(...)
guint gtk_table_get_col_spacing(...)

guint gtk_table_get_default_row_spacing(...)
guint gtk_table_get_default_col_spacing(...)

void gtk_table_set_homogeneous(...)
gboolean gtk_table_get_homogeneous(...)