第 71 章 Installing Oracle Database

过程 71.1. Configure linux step by step

1. Verifying Your Installation

   rpm -q binutils compat-db control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common \
   gnome-libs libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat xscreensaver libaio openmotif21
   			

   installing package

   yum install compat-gcc-32 compat-gcc-32-c++ compat-gcc-32-g77 compat-libf2c-32 compat-libstdc++-296 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-db compat-readline43
   			

2. Verifying System Requirements

   grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
   grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
   			

   Swap = mem * 2

3. Create the Oracle Groups and User Account

   groupadd oinstall
   groupadd dba
   useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
   passwd oracle
   id oracle
   			

4. Create Directories

   mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
   chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
   chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
   			

5. Configuring the Linux Kernel Parameters

   			
   cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF
   kernel.shmall = 2097152
   kernel.shmmax = 536870912
   kernel.shmmni = 4096
   kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
   fs.file-max = 65536
   net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
   net.core.rmem_default=262144
   net.core.wmem_default=262144
   net.core.rmem_max=262144
   net.core.wmem_max=262144
   EOF
   /sbin/sysctl -p
   			
   			

   Run the following commands as root to verify your settings:

   /sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm
   /sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem
   /sbin/sysctl -a | grep file-max
   /sbin/sysctl -a | grep ip_local_port_range
   /sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_default
   /sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_max
   /sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_default
   /sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_max
   			

6. Setting Shell Limits for the oracle User

   			
   cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF
   oracle soft nproc 2047
   oracle hard nproc 16384
   oracle soft nofile 1024
   oracle hard nofile 65536
   EOF
   			
   			

7. /etc/profile

   			
   cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF
   if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then
    if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
    ulimit -p 16384
    ulimit -n 65536
    else
    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
    umask 022
   fi
   EOF
   
   cat >> /etc/csh.login <<EOF
   if ( \$USER == "oracle" ) then
    limit maxproc 16384
    limit descriptors 65536
    umask 022
   endif
   EOF
   			
   			

8. .bash_profile

   # su - oracle
   $ vim .bash_profile
   
   export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
   export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0.1
   export ORACLE_SID=orcl
   export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
   export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
   			

过程 71.2. Installing Oracle

1. 编辑 /10201_database_linux32/database/install/oraparam.ini 添加

   vim 10201_database_linux32/database/install/oraparam.ini
   
   ### #[Certified Versions]
   
   Linux=redhat-3,SuSE-9,redhat-4,centos-5,UnitedLinux-1.0,asianux-1,asianux-2
   
   [Linux-centos-5.1-optional]
   TEMP_SPACE=80
   SWAP_SPACE=150
   MIN_DISPLAY_COLORS=256
   			

2. install

   			
   gunzip xxxx.cpio.gz
   cpio -idmv < xxxx.cpio
   export LANG=en_US
   ./runInstaller
   			
   			

3. dbstart

   # su - oracle
   # dbstart
   
   提示打开 /ade/vikrkuma_new/oracle/bin/tnslsnr 失败
   			

   编辑 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/bin/dbstart

   # Set this to bring up Oracle Net Listener
   ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/ade/vikrkuma_new/oracle
   
   应该是在78行，将其改为：
   
   # Set this to bring up Oracle Net Listener
   ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
   			

   /etc/oratable 将最后一行的最后一个字符由 “N” 改为 “Y”

   orcl: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0.1:Y
   			

过程 71.3. Configuring Storage

1. Partition the Disks

   fdisk -l /dev/sdb
   			

2. Filesystems

   ZFS or btrfs

3. Create the Mount Point

   			
   mkdir /u02
   			
   			

   Add the New Filesystem to /etc/fstab

   			
   /dev/sdb1 /u02 xfs defaults 1 1
   			
   			

   Mount the New Filesystem

   			
   mount /u02
   df -h /u02
   			
   			

4. Create Oracle Directories and Set Permissions

   			
   mkdir -p /u02/oradata/demo1
   chown -R oracle:oinstall /u02/oradata
   chmod -R 775 /u02/oradata
   			
   			

5. Create a New Tablespace in the New Filesystem

   			
   Ex:
   $ sqlplus
   
   SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Nov 27 15:50:50 2005
   
   Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
   
   Enter user-name: system
   Enter password:
   
   Connected to:
   Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
   With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
   
   SQL> create tablespace data1
     2  datafile '/u02/oradata/demo1/data1_01.dbf' size 100m
     3  extent management local
     4  segment space management auto;
   
   Tablespace created.
   
   Now you can use the new tablespace to store database objects such as tables and indexes.
   
   Ex:
   SQL> create table demotab (id number(5) not null primary key,
    2 name varchar2(50) not null,
    3 amount number(9,2))
    4 tablespace data1;
   
   Table created.