3.安装 MySQL 数据库
分别在两台主机上安装:
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs mariadb-devel [root@MySQL-1 ~]# systemctl start mariadb # 安装 MariaDB 数据库 [root@MySQL-1 ~]# mysql_secure_installation # 初始化 NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! Enter current password for root (enter for none): # 直接回车 OK, successfully used password, moving on... Set root password? [Y/n] y # 配置 root 密码 New password: Re-enter new password: Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success! Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y # 移除匿名用户 ... skipping. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n # 允许 root 远程登录 ... skipping. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y # 移除测试数据库 ... skipping. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y # 重新加载表 ... Success!
1)准备同步数据(要同步的两台主机都要有这个表)
MariaDB [(none)]> create database `course-study`; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> create table `course-study`.t_member(ID int,Name varchar(20),Email varchar(30)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
因为是使用 DataX 程序进行同步的,所以需要在双方的数据库上开放权限:
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123123'; flush privileges;
2)创建存储过程:
DELIMITER $$ CREATE PROCEDURE test() BEGIN declare A int default 1; while (A < 3000000)do insert into `course-study`.t_member values(A,concat("LiSa",A),concat("LiSa",A,"@163.com")); set A = A + 1; END while; END $$ DELIMITER ;
3)调用存储过程(在数据源配置,验证同步使用):
call test();
4.通过 DataX 实 MySQL 数据同步
1)生成 MySQL 到 MySQL 同步的模板:
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# python /usr/local/datax/bin/datax.py -r mysqlreader -w mysqlwriter { "job": { "content": [ { "reader": { "name": "mysqlreader", # 读取端 "parameter": { "column": [], # 需要同步的列 (* 表示所有的列) "connection": [ { "jdbcUrl": [], # 连接信息 "table": [] # 连接表 } ], "password": "", # 连接用户 "username": "", # 连接密码 "where": "" # 描述筛选条件 } }, "writer": { "name": "mysqlwriter", # 写入端 "parameter": { "column": [], # 需要同步的列 "connection": [ { "jdbcUrl": "", # 连接信息 "table": [] # 连接表 } ], "password": "", # 连接密码 "preSql": [], # 同步前. 要做的事 "session": [], "username": "", # 连接用户 "writeMode": "" # 操作类型 } } } ], "setting": { "speed": { "channel": "" # 指定并发数 } } } }
2)编写 json
文件:
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# vim install.json { "job": { "content": [ { "reader": { "name": "mysqlreader", "parameter": { "username": "root", "password": "123123", "column": ["*"], "splitPk": "ID", "connection": [ { "jdbcUrl": [ "jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.1:3306/course-study?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8" ], "table": ["t_member"] } ] } }, "writer": { "name": "mysqlwriter", "parameter": { "column": ["*"], "connection": [ { "jdbcUrl": "jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.2:3306/course-study?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8", "table": ["t_member"] } ], "password": "123123", "preSql": [ "truncate t_member" ], "session": [ "set session sql_mode='ANSI'" ], "username": "root", "writeMode": "insert" } } } ], "setting": { "speed": { "channel": "5" } } } }
3)验证
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# python /usr/local/datax/bin/datax.py install.json
输出:
2021-12-15 16:45:15.120 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - PerfTrace not enable! 2021-12-15 16:45:15.120 [job-0] INFO StandAloneJobContainerCommunicator - Total 2999999 records, 107666651 bytes | Speed 2.57MB/s, 74999 records/s | Error 0 records, 0 bytes | All Task WaitWriterTime 82.173s | All Task WaitReaderTime 75.722s | Percentage 100.00% 2021-12-15 16:45:15.124 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - 任务启动时刻 : 2021-12-15 16:44:32 任务结束时刻 : 2021-12-15 16:45:15 任务总计耗时 : 42s 任务平均流量 : 2.57MB/s 记录写入速度 : 74999rec/s 读出记录总数 : 2999999 读写失败总数 : 0
你们可以在目的数据库进行查看,是否同步完成。
- 上面的方式相当于是完全同步,但是当数据量较大时,同步的时候被中断,是件很痛苦的事情;
- 所以在有些情况下,增量同步还是蛮重要的。
5.使用 DataX 进行增量同步
使用 DataX 进行全量同步和增量同步的唯一区别就是:增量同步需要使用where
进行条件筛选。 (即,同步筛选后的 SQL)
1)编写 json
文件:
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# vim where.json { "job": { "content": [ { "reader": { "name": "mysqlreader", "parameter": { "username": "root", "password": "123123", "column": ["*"], "splitPk": "ID", "where": "ID <= 1888", "connection": [ { "jdbcUrl": [ "jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.1:3306/course-study?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8" ], "table": ["t_member"] } ] } }, "writer": { "name": "mysqlwriter", "parameter": { "column": ["*"], "connection": [ { "jdbcUrl": "jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.2:3306/course-study?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8", "table": ["t_member"] } ], "password": "123123", "preSql": [ "truncate t_member" ], "session": [ "set session sql_mode='ANSI'" ], "username": "root", "writeMode": "insert" } } } ], "setting": { "speed": { "channel": "5" } } } }
- 需要注意的部分就是:
where
(条件筛选) 和preSql
(同步前,要做的事) 参数。
2)验证:
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# python /usr/local/data/bin/data.py where.json
输出:
2021-12-16 17:34:38.534 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - PerfTrace not enable! 2021-12-16 17:34:38.534 [job-0] INFO StandAloneJobContainerCommunicator - Total 1888 records, 49543 bytes | Speed 1.61KB/s, 62 records/s | Error 0 records, 0 bytes | All Task WaitWriterTime 0.002s | All Task WaitReaderTime 100.570s | Percentage 100.00% 2021-12-16 17:34:38.537 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - 任务启动时刻 : 2021-12-16 17:34:06 任务结束时刻 : 2021-12-16 17:34:38 任务总计耗时 : 32s 任务平均流量 : 1.61KB/s 记录写入速度 : 62rec/s 读出记录总数 : 1888 读写失败总数 : 0
目标数据库上查看:
3)基于上面数据,再次进行增量同步:
主要是 where 配置:"where": "ID > 1888 AND ID <= 2888"
同时需要将我上面的 preSql 删除(因为我上面做的操作时 truncate 表)