感觉和放到一个 yaml 文件中，用 ---- 分隔，操作繁琐程度上，没有太大区别
创建自定义 Chart
# 创建自定义的 chart 名为 mychart [root@k8smaster ~]# helm create mychart Creating mychart [root@k8smaster ~]# cd mychart/ [root@k8smaster mychart]# ls charts Chart.yaml # 当前chart 属性配置信息 templates # 编写 yaml 文件放到这个目录，是 yaml 的集合 values.yaml # yaml文件可以使用的全局变量 [root@k8smaster mychart]#
创建 yaml 文件
在 templates 文件夹中创建两个 yaml 文件
- deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: creationTimestamp: null labels: app: web1 name: web1 spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: web1 strategy: {} template: metadata: creationTimestamp: null labels: app: web1 spec: containers: - image: nginx name: nginx resources: {} status: {}
- service.yaml
apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: creationTimestamp: null labels: app: web1 name: web1 spec: ports: - port: 80 protocol: TCP targetPort: 80 nodePort: 30390 # 可以指定暴露出去的端口，防止重启 Pod 后发生变化 selector: app: web1 type: NodePort status: loadBalancer: {}
# 切换到 templates 目录下 [root@k8smaster mychart]# cd templates/ # 创建一个web1应用--内容见上文 [root@k8smaster templates]# vi deployment.yaml # 暴露端口--内容见上文 [root@k8smaster templates]# vi service.yaml [root@k8smaster templates]#
安装
[root@k8smaster ~]# helm install web1 mychart/ NAME: web1 LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Nov 28 14:26:34 2022 NAMESPACE: default STATUS: deployed REVISION: 1 NOTES: 1. Get the application URL by running these commands: export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=mychart,app.kubernetes.io/instance=web1" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}") echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:8080 to use your application" kubectl --namespace default port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80 [root@k8smaster ~]# helm list NAME NAMESPACE REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION ui default 1 2022-11-28 13:15:05.404335352 +0800 CST deployed weave-scope-1.1.12 1.12.0 web1 default 1 2022-11-28 14:26:34.854631893 +0800 CST deployed mychart-0.1.0 1.16.0 [root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get pod,svc NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE pod/nginx-f89759699-652r4 1/1 Running 0 5d pod/nginx-nfs-788564fbc8-g58xd 1/1 Running 0 5d pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-7qqd4 1/1 Running 0 73m pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-knqwk 1/1 Running 0 73m pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-r74cm 1/1 Running 0 73m pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-xnrht 1/1 Running 0 73m pod/weave-scope-cluster-agent-ui-7498b8d4f4-pmkzh 1/1 Running 0 73m pod/weave-scope-frontend-ui-649c7dcd5d-jfg72 1/1 Running 0 73m pod/web1-7f87dfbd56-w7p4d 1/1 Running 0 91s NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE service/javademo1 NodePort 10.106.43.46 <none> 8111:31452/TCP 40d service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 45d service/nginx NodePort 10.103.87.81 <none> 80:30339/TCP 45d service/nginx-nfs NodePort 10.99.84.9 <none> 80:30205/TCP 19d service/ui-weave-scope NodePort 10.101.4.212 <none> 80:30690/TCP 73m service/web1 NodePort 10.100.238.141 <none> 80:30390/TCP 91s [root@k8smaster ~]#
升级
[root@k8smaster ~]# helm upgrade web1 mychart/ Release "web1" has been upgraded. Happy Helming! NAME: web1 LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Nov 28 14:29:39 2022 NAMESPACE: default STATUS: deployed REVISION: 2 NOTES: 1. Get the application URL by running these commands: export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=mychart,app.kubernetes.io/instance=web1" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}") echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:8080 to use your application" kubectl --namespace default port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80 [root@k8smaster ~]#
yaml 高效复用
通过传递参数，动态渲染模板 yaml 内容，动态传入参数生成
在 chart values.yaml 文件，定义 yaml 文件全局变量
在 values.yaml 定义变量和值
在具体 yaml文件中，获取定义变量的值
- image、tag、label、port、replicas
定义变量
[root@k8smaster ~]# cd mychart/ [root@k8smaster mychart]# vi values.yaml image: nginx replicas: 1 tag: 1.16 label: nginx port: 80
使用变量
方便统一定义
{{ .Values.变量名称}}
{{ .Release.Name}} -> 获取版本名称
- deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: {{ .Release.Name}}-deploy spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: {{ .Values.label}} strategy: {} template: metadata: creationTimestamp: null labels: app: {{ .Values.label}} spec: containers: - image: {{ .Values.image}} name: nginx resources: {} status: {}
- service.yaml
apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: {{ .Release.Name}}-deploy spec: ports: - port: {{ .Values.port}} protocol: TCP targetPort: 80 selector: app: {{ .Values.label}} type: NodePort status: loadBalancer: {}
[root@k8smaster mychart]# vi templates/deployment.yaml [root@k8smaster mychart]# vi templates/deployment.yaml [root@k8smaster mychart]# cd [root@k8smaster ~]# helm install --dry-run web2 mychart/ # Source: mychart/templates/service.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: web2-deploy spec: ports: - port: 80 protocol: TCP targetPort: 80 selector: app: nginx type: NodePort status: loadBalancer: {} --- # Source: mychart/templates/deployment.yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: web2-deploy spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: nginx strategy: {} template: metadata: creationTimestamp: null labels: app: nginx spec: containers: - image: nginx name: nginx resources: {} status: {} [root@k8smaster ~]# helm install web2 mychart/ NAME: web2 LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Nov 28 15:13:48 2022 NAMESPACE: default STATUS: deployed REVISION: 1 [root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get pod,svc NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE pod/nginx-f89759699-652r4 1/1 Running 0 5d1h pod/nginx-nfs-788564fbc8-g58xd 1/1 Running 0 5d1h pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-7qqd4 1/1 Running 0 119m pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-knqwk 1/1 Running 0 119m pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-r74cm 1/1 Running 0 119m pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-xnrht 1/1 Running 0 119m pod/weave-scope-cluster-agent-ui-7498b8d4f4-pmkzh 1/1 Running 0 119m pod/weave-scope-frontend-ui-649c7dcd5d-jfg72 1/1 Running 0 119m pod/web1-7f87dfbd56-w7p4d 1/1 Running 0 47m pod/web2-deploy-f89759699-9z5n4 1/1 Running 0 22s NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE service/javademo1 NodePort 10.106.43.46 <none> 8111:31452/TCP 40d service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 45d service/nginx NodePort 10.103.87.81 <none> 80:30339/TCP 45d service/nginx-nfs NodePort 10.99.84.9 <none> 80:30205/TCP 19d service/ui-weave-scope NodePort 10.101.4.212 <none> 80:30690/TCP 119m service/web1 NodePort 10.100.238.141 <none> 80:30390/TCP 47m service/web2-deploy NodePort 10.111.219.124 <none> 80:30277/TCP 22s [root@k8smaster ~]# helm uninstall web2 release "web2" uninstalled
