import java.net.NetworkInterface;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
/**
* 雪花算法id生成器
*/
public class IdGenerator {
/**
* 工作id 也就是机器id
*/
private static long workerId;
/**
* 数据中心id
*/
private static long dataCenterId;
/**
* 序列号
*/
private static long sequence;
/**
* 初始时间戳
*/
private static long startTimestamp = 1288834974657L;
/**
* 工作id长度为5位
*/
private static long workerIdBits = 5L;
/**
* 数据中心id长度为5位
*/
private static long dataCenterIdBits = 5L;
/**
* 工作id最大值
*/
private static long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits);
/**
* 数据中心id最大值
*/
private static long maxDataCenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << dataCenterIdBits);
/**
* 序列号长度
*/
private static long sequenceBits = 12L;
/**
* 序列号最大值
*/
private static long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits);
/**
* 工作id需要左移的位数,12位
*/
private static long workerIdShift = sequenceBits;
/**
* 数据id需要左移位数 12+5=17位
*/
private static long dataCenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits;
/**
* 时间戳需要左移位数 12+5+5=22位
*/
private static long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + dataCenterIdBits;
/**
* 上次时间戳,初始值为负数
*/
private static long lastTimestamp = -1L;
public IdGenerator() {
this.workerId = getMachineNum() & maxWorkerId;
this.dataCenterId = getMachineNum() & maxDataCenterId;
this.sequence = 0L;
}
/**
* 获取机器编号
*
* @return
*/
private static long getMachineNum() {
long machinePiece;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
Enumeration<NetworkInterface> e = null;
try {
e = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
} catch (SocketException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
NetworkInterface ni = e.nextElement();
sb.append(ni.toString());
}
machinePiece = sb.toString().hashCode();
return machinePiece;
}
//下一个ID生成算法
public synchronized static long nextId() {
long timestamp = timeGen();
// 获取当前时间戳如果小于上次时间戳,则表示时间戳获取出现异常
if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {
throw new RuntimeException(String.format("Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp - timestamp));
}
// 获取当前时间戳如果等于上次时间戳
// 说明:还处在同一毫秒内,则在序列号加1;否则序列号赋值为0,从0开始。
// 0 - 4095
if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) {
sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
if (sequence == 0) {
timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
}
} else {
sequence = 0;
}
//将上次时间戳值刷新
lastTimestamp = timestamp;
/**
* 返回结果:
* (timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift) 表示将时间戳减去初始时间戳,再左移相应位数
* (datacenterId << datacenterIdShift) 表示将数据id左移相应位数
* (workerId << workerIdShift) 表示将工作id左移相应位数
* | 是按位或运算符,例如:x | y,只有当x,y都为0的时候结果才为0,其它情况结果都为1。
* 因为个部分只有相应位上的值有意义,其它位上都是0,所以将各部分的值进行 | 运算就能得到最终拼接好的id
*/
return ((timestamp - startTimestamp) << timestampLeftShift) |
(dataCenterId << dataCenterIdShift) |
(workerId << workerIdShift) |
sequence;
}
/**
* 获取时间戳,并与上次时间戳比较
*
* @param lastTimestamp
* @return
*/
private static long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp) {
long timestamp = timeGen();
while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) {
timestamp = timeGen();
}
return timestamp;
}
/**
* 获取系统时间戳
*
* @return
*/
private static long timeGen() {
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
}