安装Mysql
1，下载安装包（以8.0.21版本为例）
#下载
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
#解压
tar -xf mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
2，设置mysql目录
#将解压的文件移动到/usr/local下，并重命名为mysql
mv mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
3.创建data文件夹，并授权
cd /usr/local/mysql/
# 创建文件夹
mkdir data
# 给文件夹授权
chown -R root:root /usr/local/mysql
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql
4,初始化数据库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=root --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
5.配置my.cnf
cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
touch my-default.cnf
chmod 777 my-default.cnf
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf
#my.cnf中添加：
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
#socket =/var/lib/mysql/mysql.socket
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
user = root
tmpdir = /tmp
port = 3306
#skip-grant-tables
#lower_case_table_names = 1
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
#lower_case_table_names = 1
max_allowed_packet=32M
default-authentication-plugin = mysql_native_password
#lower_case_file_system = on
#lower_case_table_names = 1
log_bin_trust_function_creators = ON
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
6.设置开机自启
cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
7. 注册服务并检测
#注册
chkconfig --add mysql
#检测
chkconfig --list mysql
###UBUNTU
echo 'deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main universe restricted multiverse' >>/etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install sysv-rc-conf
sysv-rc-conf --list
8. 配置/etc/ld.so.conf
vim /etc/ld.so.conf
# 添加如下内容:
/usr/local/mysql/lib
9. 配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile
# 添加如下内容：
# MYSQL ENVIRONMENT
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
source /etc/profile
10.启动mysql
service mysql start
11.登录mysql
mysql -uroot -p
使用临时密码登录，修改root用户密码，设置root远程登录
#报错：Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
#可设置弱口令（mysql8.0)
set global validate_password.policy=0;
set global validate_password.length=1;
之后再修改密码
mysql> alter user user() identified by "123456";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
用户授权
grant all privileges on *.* to 'hive'@'%';
