Python3操作MongoDB数据库
0. 写在前面
- Linux：
Ubuntu Kylin 16.04 - MongoDB：
MongoDB3.2.7 - Python：
Anaconda With Python3.7
1. 安装开源驱动库pymongo
pymongo驱动程序可以直接连接MongoDB数据库
zhangsan@node01:~$ conda create -n py39 python =3.9 zhangsan@node01:~$ conda activate py39 (py39) zhangsan@node01:~$ python3-m pip install pymongo Collecting pymongo Downloading pymongo-4.2.0-cp39-cp39-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (479 kB) ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 479.2/479.2 kB 37.7 kB/s eta 0:00:00 Installing collected packages: pymongo Successfully installed pymongo-4.2.0
(py39) zhangsan@node01:~$ vim pyinsert.py
frompymongoimportMongoClientfromrandomimportrandintimportdatetimeclient=MongoClient('localhost',27017) db=client.taobaoorder=db.order_infostatus= ['A','B','C'] cust_id= ['A123','B123','C123'] price= [500,200,250,300] sku= ['mmm','nnn'] foriinrange(1,100): items= [] item_count=randint(2,6) forninrange(item_count): items.append({"sku":sku[randint(0,1)],"qty":randint(1,10),"price":randint(0,5)}) new= { "status":status[randint(0,2)], "cust_id":cust_id[randint(0,2)], "price":price[randint(0,3)], "ord_date":datetime.datetime.utcnow(), "items":items } print(new) order.insert_one(new) print(order.estimated_document_count())
- 启动MongoDB
(py39) zhangsan@node01:/usr/local/mongodb-3.2.7$ mongod--config /mongodb/single/mongod.conf about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 3493child process started successfully, parent exiting
- 查看服务
(py39) zhangsan@node01:/usr/local/mongodb-3.2.7$ ps-ef | grep mongo zhangsan 34931300:56 ? 00:00:01 mongod --config /mongodb/single/mongod.conf zhangsan 35113214000:57 pts/0 00:00:00 grep--color=auto mongo
- 执行py程序
(py39) zhangsan@node01:~$ python3 pyinsert.py pymongo.errors.ConfigurationError: Server at localhost:27017 reports wire version 4, but this version of PyMongo requires at least 6 (MongoDB 3.6).
很明显，此处需要 降低驱动pymongo的版本
- 卸载pymongo
(py39) zhangsan@node01:~$ pip uninstall -y pymongo Found existing installation: pymongo 4.2.0 Uninstalling pymongo-4.2.0: Successfully uninstalled pymongo-4.2.0 (py39) zhangsan@node01:~$ pip3 list Package Version ------------------------certifi 2022.6.15 pip 22.1.2 setuptools 63.4.1
- 安装pymongo3.6版本
(py39) zhangsan@node01:~$ pip3 install pymongo==3.6 Collecting pymongo==3.6 Downloading pymongo-3.6.0.tar.gz (583 kB) ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 583.3/583.3 kB 52.1 kB/s eta 0:00:00 Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... doneBuilding wheels for collected packages: pymongo Building wheel for pymongo (setup.py) ... done Created wheel for pymongo: filename=pymongo-3.6.0-cp39-cp39-linux_x86_64.whl size=272327sha256=72a9dacdef7afa26cb169debe429964d1b5ab119ee39e7ec4c3eb5c59c5433c0 Stored in directory: /home/zhangsan/.cache/pip/wheels/6c/97/2e/74c0fd06fe0df24ded743a8af0707d1b5d618a0e8d321ba85c Successfully built pymongo Installing collected packages: pymongo Successfully installed pymongo-3.6.0 (py39) zhangsan@node01:~$ pip3 list | grep pymongo pymongo 3.6.0
- 继续报错： AttributeError: module 'platform' has no attribute 'linux_distribution'
(py39) zhangsan@node01:~$ python3 pyinsert.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/zhangsan/pyinsert.py", line 1, in <module> from pymongo import MongoClient File "/usr/local/anaconda/envs/py39/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pymongo/__init__.py", line 87, in <module> from pymongo.mongo_client import MongoClient File "/usr/local/anaconda/envs/py39/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pymongo/mongo_client.py", line 52, in <module> from pymongo.client_options import ClientOptions File "/usr/local/anaconda/envs/py39/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pymongo/client_options.py", line 23, in <module> from pymongo.pool import PoolOptions File "/usr/local/anaconda/envs/py39/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pymongo/pool.py", line 124, in <module> platform.linux_distribution() if part])), AttributeError: module 'platform' has no attribute 'linux_distribution'
关于这个error，其实是Python自身的原因
Python从3.8版本开始，已经从平台模块中删除了“linux_distribution（）”函数
前文使用的是Python3.9，解决这个问题有两种方法：
- 修改Python3.9源码
- 降低Python版本到3.7
- 新建一个Python3.7虚拟环境
zhangsan@node01:~$ conda create -n pymongo python =3.7 zhangsan@node01:~$ conda activate pymongo (pymongo) zhangsan@node01:~$ python3-m pip install pymongo=3.6 Collecting pymongo Downloading pymongo-3.6.0-cp39-cp39-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (479 kB) ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 479.2/479.2 kB 37.7 kB/s eta 0:00:00 Installing collected packages: pymongo Successfully installed pymongo-3.6.0
- 再次执行py程序，运行成功
(pymongo) zhangsan@node01:~$ python3 pyinsert.py
上述代码中使用了 estimated_document_count() 函数，该函数是MongoDB4.0.3的新功能，此处会出现错误，改为count()函数即可
2. 参考
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63636697/error-module-platform-has-no-attribute-linux-distribution
