python 模块 psutil 系统监控
文章目录
1 psutil介绍
psutil 是一个跨平台库（http://code.google.com/p/psutil/） ，能够轻松实现获取系统运行的进程和系统利用率（包括CPU、内存、磁盘、网络等）信息。它主要应用于系统监控，分析和限制系统资源及进程的管理。它实现了同等命令行工具提供的功能，如ps、top、lsof、netstat、ifconfig、who、df、kill、free、nice、ionice、iostat、iotop、uptime、pidof、tty、taskset、pmap等。目前支持32位和64位的Linux、Windows、OS X、FreeBSD和Sun Solaris等操作系统
2 psutil安装
wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/psutil/psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz tar -xzvf psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz cd psutil-2.0.0 python setup.py install #or pip install psutil
3 psutil实战
3.1 获取cpu信息
[root@localhost psutil]# cat psutil1.py #!/usr/bin/python #coding:utf-8 import psutil #获取CPU的完整信息 print psutil.cpu_times() #获取CPU的USER的时间比 print psutil.cpu_times().user #CPU逻辑个数 print psutil.cpu_count() #CPU物理个数 print psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) #获取cpu的使用率 print psutil.cpu_percent() #获取进程为1的cpu的使用率 print psutil.cpu_percent(1) [root@localhost psutil]# python psutil1.py scputimes(user=21.13, nice=0.0, system=35.92, idle=6167.98, iowait=0.96, irq=0.0, softirq=1.15, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0) 21.13 2 1 0.0 0.0
3.2 获取内存信息
[root@localhost psutil]# cat psutil2.py #!/usr/bin/python #coding:utf-8 import psutil mem = psutil.virtual_memory() #获取内存完整信息 print mem #获取总内存信息 print mem.total #以MB为单位获取总内存信息 print(str(mem.total/1024/1024) + 'MB') #获取已用信息 print mem.used #获取空闲信息 print mem.free #获取交换分区信息 print psutil.swap_memory() [root@localhost psutil]# python psutil2.py svmem(total=1907802112, available=1568444416, percent=17.8, used=182579200, free=1478758400, active=142086144, inactive=158580736, buffers=2170880, cached=244293632, shared=10051584, slab=54722560) 1907802112 1819MB 182579200 1478758400 sswap(total=2147479552, used=0, free=2147479552, percent=0.0, sin=0, sout=0)
3.3 获取磁盘信息
[root@localhost psutil]# cat psutil3.py #!/usr/bin/python #coding:utf-8 import psutil #获取系统总磁盘分区信息 print '获取系统总磁盘分区信息:' + str(psutil.disk_partitions()) #获取根分区磁盘大小 print '根分区磁盘大小:' + str(psutil.disk_usage('/')) #获取总磁盘的I/O的读写信息 print '*'*10 print '总磁盘的I/O的读写信息:' + str(psutil.disk_io_counters()) #获取每个磁盘的I/O的读写信息 print '每个磁盘的I/O的读写信息:' + str(psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=True)) [root@localhost psutil]# python psutil3.py 获取系统总磁盘分区信息:[sdiskpart(device='/dev/mapper/centos-root', mountpoint='/', fstype='xfs', opts='rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota'), sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1', mountpoint='/boot', fstype='xfs', opts='rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota'), sdiskpart(device='/dev/mapper/centos-root', mountpoint='/var/lib/docker/containers', fstype='xfs', opts='rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota'), sdiskpart(device='/dev/mapper/centos-root', mountpoint='/var/lib/docker/overlay2', fstype='xfs', opts='rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota')] 根分区磁盘大小:sdiskusage(total=50432839680, used=8449806336, free=41983033344, percent=16.8) ********** 总磁盘的I/O的读写信息:sdiskio(read_count=11597, write_count=3662, read_bytes=456081920, write_bytes=52591104, read_time=6938, write_time=5274, read_merged_count=0, write_merged_count=308, busy_time=6464) 每个磁盘的I/O的读写信息:{'sr0': sdiskio(read_count=0, write_count=0, read_bytes=0, write_bytes=0, read_time=0, write_time=0, read_merged_count=0, write_merged_count=0, busy_time=0), 'sda2': sdiskio(read_count=5732, write_count=1672, read_bytes=214466560, write_bytes=25236480, read_time=3401, write_time=2310, read_merged_count=0, write_merged_count=308, busy_time=3203), 'sda': sdiskio(read_count=5934, write_count=1682, read_bytes=243925504, write_bytes=27354624, read_time=3547, write_time=2321, read_merged_count=0, write_merged_count=308, busy_time=3280), 'sda1': sdiskio(read_count=170, write_count=10, read_bytes=27615744, write_bytes=2118144, read_time=134, write_time=11, read_merged_count=0, write_merged_count=0, busy_time=72), 'dm-0': sdiskio(read_count=5571, write_count=1980, read_bytes=209502208, write_bytes=25236480, read_time=3367, write_time=2953, read_merged_count=0, write_merged_count=0, busy_time=3169), 'dm-1': sdiskio(read_count=92, write_count=0, read_bytes=2654208, write_bytes=0, read_time=24, write_time=0, read_merged_count=0, write_merged_count=0, busy_time=15)}
3.4 获取网络信息
[root@localhost psutil]# cat psutil4.py #!/usr/bin/python #coding:utf-8 import psutil #获取网络总IO信息 print psutil.net_io_counters() print '*' * 20 #输出网络每个接口信息 print psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True) [root@localhost psutil]# python psutil4.py snetio(bytes_sent=1048099, bytes_recv=1294529, packets_sent=5664, packets_recv=8237, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0) ******************** {'lo': snetio(bytes_sent=0, bytes_recv=0, packets_sent=0, packets_recv=0, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0), 'docker0': snetio(bytes_sent=0, bytes_recv=0, packets_sent=0, packets_recv=0, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0), 'eth0': snetio(bytes_sent=1048099, bytes_recv=1294529, packets_sent=5664, packets_recv=8237, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)}
3.5 进程信息
[root@localhost psutil]# cat psutil5.py #!/usr/bin/python #coding:utf-8 import psutil #查看全部进程 print psutil.pids() p = psutil.Process(2) print p.name() #进程名 print p.exe() #进程的bin路径 print p.cwd() #进程的工作目录绝对路径 print p.status() #进程状态 print p.create_time() #进程创建时间 print p.uids() #进程uid信息 print p.gids() #进程的gid信息 print p.cpu_times() #进程的cpu时间信息,包括user,system两个cpu信息 print p.cpu_affinity() #get进程cpu亲和度,如果要设置cpu亲和度,将cpu号作为参考就好 print p.memory_percent() #进程内存利用率 print p.memory_info() #进程内存rss,vms信息 print p.io_counters() #进程的IO信息,包括读写IO数字及参数 print p.connections() #返回进程列表 print p.num_threads() #进程开启的线程数 #听过psutil的Popen方法启动应用程序，可以跟踪程序的相关信息 from subprocess import PIPE p = psutil.Popen(["/usr/bin/python", "-c", "print('hello')"],stdout=PIPE) print p.name() print p.username() [root@localhost psutil]# python psutil5.py [1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 36, 37, 38, 39, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 66, 98, 100, 277, 279, 280, 281, 307, 313, 318, 319, 322, 323, 325, 329, 330, 404, 405, 415, 416, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 511, 532, 534, 585, 590, 593, 594, 595, 602, 603, 611, 616, 617, 619, 621, 687, 691, 692, 713, 714, 715, 716, 718, 722, 727, 730, 733, 737, 750, 752, 753, 762, 767, 780, 1116, 1118, 1120, 1121, 1136, 1137, 1145, 1146, 1174, 1362, 1363, 1364, 1623, 1625, 6488, 7050, 7687, 7745, 8205, 8240] kthreadd / sleeping 1585555747.03 puids(real=0, effective=0, saved=0) pgids(real=0, effective=0, saved=0) pcputimes(user=0.0, system=0.0, children_user=0.0, children_system=0.0, iowait=0.0) [0, 1] 0.0 pmem(rss=0, vms=0, shared=0, text=0, lib=0, data=0, dirty=0) pio(read_count=0, write_count=0, read_bytes=0, write_bytes=0, read_chars=0, write_chars=0) [] 1 python root close failed in file object destructor: sys.excepthook is missing lost sys.stderr
3.6 其他信息
[root@localhost psutil]# cat psutil6.py #!/usr/bin/python #coding:utf-8 import psutil import datetime #获取当前系统用户登录信息 print psutil.users() #获取开机时间 print psutil.boot_time() #以linux时间格式返回 print datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time ()).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H: %M: %S") #转换成自然时间格式 [root@localhost psutil]# python psutil6.py [suser(name='root', terminal='pts/0', host='192.168.211.1', started=1585555840.0, pid=1625)] 1585555747.0 2020-03-30 16: 09: 07
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