@TOC
# 一、Flask-HelloWorld项目结构  # 二、基本操作 ## 1. app.py ```python import numpy as np from flask import * from util import * import json from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy # 解决python3数据库连接问题 # MySQLdb只支持Python2.*，还不支持3.* 可以用PyMySQL代替。 import pymysql pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb() from util.ReslutReturn import * # 指明工程文件，代表当前py文件所在目录为工程目录 __name__ == '__main__' app = Flask(__name__,static_folder='static',static_url_path='/static',template_folder='templates') # 配置对象加载配置信息 class DefaultConfig(object): """ 默认配置 """ KEY = 'wskh45700037' # 设置app配置 # app.config.from_object(DefaultConfig) app.config.from_pyfile('setting.py') # 创建蓝图对象 user_bp = Blueprint('user',__name__) # 注册蓝图 app.register_blueprint(user_bp,url_prefix="/user") # 数据库配置 绑定app db = SQLAlchemy(app) # 创建数据库模型类 class CbyUser(db.Model): """ user表 """ __tablename__ = "cby_user" id = db.Column(db.String,primary_key=True) name = db.Column(db.String) nick_name = db.Column(db.String) password = db.Column(db.String) email = db.Column(db.String) phone = db.Column(db.String) identity_id = db.Column(db.String) detail = db.Column(db.String) insert_time = db.Column(db.String) update_time = db.Column(db.String) def asDict(self): return {"id":self.id,"name":self.name,"nick_name":self.nick_name,"password":self.password,"email":self.email,"phone":self.phone,"identity_id":self.identity_id,"detail":self.detail} # 全局异常处理 @app.errorhandler(500) def errorHandle(e): return error("全局异常捕获!") # 指定异常捕获 @app.errorhandler(ZeroDivisionError) def zero_error(e): return error("除数不能为0!") # 定义视图 @app.route('/') # @app.post() # @app.get() # @app.delete() # @app.put() def hello_world(): key = app.config["KEY"] print(key) return 'Hello World!' @app.route('/aaa') def hello_Blueprint(): key = app.config["KEY"] print(key) return 'Hello user_bp!' @app.route("/user/") def getUserById(userId): return str(userId) @app.route("/testR/") def testR(userId): user = User() userJson = user.asJson() lis = [userJson,userJson,userJson,userJson,userJson] r = ok("message",lis) # r = error() return r @app.route("/testDb") def testDb(): userList = CbyUser.query.all() userDictList = [] for i in range(len(userList)): userDictList.append(userList[i].asDict()) print(userDictList) return ok("查询成功",userDictList) class MyEncoder(json.JSONEncoder): def default(self, obj): if isinstance(obj, np.integer): return int(obj) elif isinstance(obj, np.floating): return float(obj) elif isinstance(obj, np.ndarray): return obj.tolist() elif isinstance(obj, bytes): return str(obj, encoding='utf-8') else: return super(MyEncoder, self).default(obj) class User: def __init__(self): self.name = "wskh" self.id = '111' def asJson(self): return {"name":self.name,"id":self.id} if __name__ == '__main__': # 以5454端口运行 app.run(port=5454) ``` ## 2. setting.py 这里面用来写一些关于数据库的连接配置 ```python # -*-coding:utf-8-*- # 密钥 随便设置 KEY = "wskh66666666666666666" # jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cby?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true&serverTimezone=UTC # "mysql://root:mysql@127.0.0.1:3306/cby" SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = "mysql://%s:%s@%s/%s" % ('用户名', '密码', 'ip', '数据库名称') # 设置这一项是每次请求结束后都会自动提交数据库中的变动 SQLALCHEMY_COMMIT_ON_TEARDOWN = True ``` ## 3. ReslutReturn.py 统一信息返回处理 ```python # -*-coding:utf-8-*- success_code = 200 error_code = 500 def ok(message="请求成功",data=None): dic = {'code':success_code,'message':message,'data':data} return dic def error(message = "请求失败",data=None): dic = {'code':error_code,'message':message,'data':data} return dic ```
# 三、效果展示 运行app.py  点击下方链接   可以看到hellworld成功显示了！ 继续在网址后追加/testDb 测试和数据库的连接（完整url：http://127.0.0.1:5454/testDb）  可以看到数据库信息正常返回了！ 而且之前设定的统一结果返回中的成功状态码200也成功加入其中了！  好啦！关于flask的简单入门就到此结束了，喜欢的小伙伴可以点个关注，后续会不定时更新~
