使用阿里云ecs服务器学习docker

使用阿里ecs服务器初学docker，记载了部分笔记。
镜像（image）：
Docker安装
基本组成
docker镜像好比是一个模板，可以通过模板来创建容器服务

容器（container）：

docker利用容器技术，独立运行一个或者一组应用

仓库（repository）：

存放镜像的地方，分为公有仓库和私有仓库

Docker Hub，默认国外仓库，国内需要配置镜像加速

1.2 安装Docker
Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu | Docker Documentation

切换到root用户

docker version

Client: Docker Engine - Community
Version: 20.10.8
API version: 1.41
Go version: go1.16.6
Git commit: 3967b7d
Built: Fri Jul 30 19:54:27 2021
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Context: default
Experimental: true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
Engine:
Version: 20.10.8
API version: 1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
Go version: go1.16.6
Git commit: 75249d8
Built: Fri Jul 30 19:52:33 2021
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
containerd:
Version: 1.4.9
GitCommit: e25210fe30a0a703442421b0f60afac609f950a3
runc:
Version: 1.0.1
GitCommit: v1.0.1-0-g4144b63
docker-init:
Version: 0.19.0
GitCommit: de40ad0
测试hello-world

docker run hello-world

Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
2db29710123e: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:393b81f0ea5a98a7335d7ad44be96fe76ca8eb2eaa76950eb8c989ebf2b78ec0
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:

1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
   (amd64)
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
   executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
   to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

查看已安装的镜像

docker images

配置阿里云镜像加速
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker

sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["阿里镜像加速地址*"]
}
EOF

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

sudo systemctl restart docker