oracle 数据库在线重做日志故障处理-阿里云开发者社区

oracle 数据库在线重做日志故障处理

2022-07-07 205

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简介： Oracle 数据库在线日志故障处理是DBA的基本操作之一，不但要掌握操作，还要掌握原理。

1 数据库环境

1.1 数据库版本

SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.4.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production

1.2 日志模式

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     0
Next log sequence to archive   6
Current log sequence           6

1.3 实验用数据

SQL>  select * from test_control;
CURR_TIME
-------------------
2019-07-21 16:25:33
2019-07-27 09:32:21
2019-07-27 09:33:39
2019-08-03 11:52:17
2019-08-03 11:53:05
2019-08-17 16:08:27
2019-08-17 16:08:29
2019-08-17 16:08:29
2019-08-17 16:08:30
2019-08-17 16:53:19
2019-08-17 16:58:00
11 rows selected.

2 当前重做日志组全部成员故障

2.1 查看当前重做日志组及成员

SQL> select group#, status from v$log;
    GROUP# STATUS
---------- ----------------
         1 UNUSED
         2 INACTIVE
         3 CURRENT  /* 当前重做日志组为3号
SQL> l
  1* select  GROUP#, MEMBER from v$logfile order by group#
SQL> /
    GROUP# MEMBER
---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log
         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo02.log
         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log /*3号组有一个成员*/

2.2 插入一些数据到测试表中

SQL> insert into test_control select sysdate from dual;
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.

2.3 删除当前redo日志组成员，模拟当前日志组故障

SQL> !rm  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log
SQL> !ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log
ls: cannot access /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log: No such file or directory

2.4 提交当前事务

SQL> commit;
Commit complete.

2.5 故障处理

切换重做日志组，至删除的当前日志组时，卡住

SQL>  alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
^Calter system switch logfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01013: user requested cancel of current operation

检查现在日志组状态

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;
    GROUP# STATUS
---------- ----------------
         1 INACTIVE
         2 CURRENT 
         3 INACTIVE ~~原来的当前日志组已经变为非活跃~~

清除在线重做日志

SQL> alter database clear logfile group 3;/* 提示log 3 需要归档*/
alter database clear logfile group 3
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00350: log 3 of instance orcl11g (thread 1) needs to be archived
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log'
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 3;/*清除非归档重做日志成功*/
Database altered.

2.6 检验数据

SQL> select * from test_control;
CURR_TIME
-------------------
2019-07-21 16:25:33
2019-07-27 09:32:21
2019-07-27 09:33:39
2019-08-03 11:52:17
2019-08-03 11:53:05
2019-08-17 16:08:27
2019-08-17 16:08:29
2019-08-17 16:08:29
2019-08-17 16:08:30
2019-08-17 16:53:19
2019-08-17 16:58:00
CURR_TIME
-------------------
2019-08-18 08:34:45
2019-08-18 08:34:47
2019-08-18 08:34:48
2019-08-18 08:34:49
2019-08-18 08:34:49
2019-08-18 08:34:51
17 rows selected.

没有数据丢失。

2.6 数据库告警日志中的相关内容

Sun Aug 18 08:41:47 2019
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl11g/orcl11g/trace/orcl11g_arc3_2180.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Master archival failure: 313
ARCH: Archival stopped, error occurred. Will continue retrying
ORACLE Instance orcl11g - Archival Error
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl11g/orcl11g/trace/orcl11g_arc3_2180.trc:
Master archival failure: 313
Sun Aug 18 08:47:39 2019
WARNING! CLEARING REDO LOG WHICH HAS NOT BEEN ARCHIVED. BACKUPS TAKEN
    BEFORE 08/18/2019 08:41:47 (CHANGE 1080523) CANNOT BE USED FOR RECOVERY.
Clearing online log 3 of thread 1 sequence number 6
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl11g/orcl11g/trace/orcl11g_ora_2172.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl11g/orcl11g/trace/orcl11g_ora_2172.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Archived Log entry 38 added for thread 1 sequence 7 ID 0x42f6d474 dest 1:
Archiver process freed from errors. No longer stopped
Completed: alter database clear unarchived logfile group 3

3 非当前重做日志组全部成员丢失

3.1 检查当前测试数据

SQL> select * from test_control;
CURR_TIME
-------------------
2019-07-21 16:25:33
2019-07-27 09:32:21
2019-07-27 09:33:39
2019-08-03 11:52:17
2019-08-03 11:53:05
2019-08-17 16:08:27
2019-08-17 16:08:29
2019-08-17 16:08:29
2019-08-17 16:08:30
2019-08-17 16:53:19
2019-08-17 16:58:00
CURR_TIME
-------------------
2019-08-18 08:34:45
2019-08-18 08:34:47
2019-08-18 08:34:48
2019-08-18 08:34:49
2019-08-18 08:34:49
2019-08-18 08:34:51
17 rows selected.

####### 3.2 向表中插入几行数据

SQL> insert into test_control select sysdate from dual;
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> /
1 row created.
SQL> select * from test_control;
CURR_TIME
-------------------
2019-07-21 16:25:33
2019-07-27 09:32:21
2019-07-27 09:33:39
2019-08-03 11:52:17
2019-08-03 11:53:05
2019-08-17 16:08:27
2019-08-17 16:08:29
2019-08-17 16:08:29
2019-08-17 16:08:30
2019-08-17 16:53:19
2019-08-17 16:58:00
CURR_TIME
-------------------
2019-08-18 08:34:45
2019-08-18 08:34:47
2019-08-18 08:34:48
2019-08-18 08:34:49
2019-08-18 08:34:49
2019-08-18 08:34:51
2019-08-18 09:11:57
2019-08-18 09:11:59
2019-08-18 09:12:00
20 rows selected.

3.3 删除一个非当前日志组所有成员

SQL> select status, group# from v$log;
STATUS               GROUP#
---------------- ----------
INACTIVE                  1
CURRENT                   2
UNUSED                    3
SQL> select group#,member from v$logfile;
    GROUP# MEMBER
---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log
         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo02.log
         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log
SQL> ! /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log
/bin/bash: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log: Permission denied
SQL> ! rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log
SQL> ! ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log
ls: cannot access /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log: No such file or directory

3.4 故障处理及检验

SQL> alter database clear logfile group 1;/* 清除故障日志组*/
Database altered.
SQL>  ! ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log  /*故障日志组成员已经重建*/