使用 LVS+Keepalived 实现 MySQL双主复制高可用
一、 部署 MySQL 双主复制
1.配置时间同步
2.配置双主复制
1）master1 上操作
2）master2 上操作
3）建立双主复制
二、部署 LVS+Keepalived 实现 MySQL 双主复制高可用
1.配置主调度器
2.配置备调度器
3.查看 LVS 集群状态
4.编写 LVS 启动脚本
三、验证
1.验证 LVS 负载均衡是否正常
2.验证 Keepalived 双机热备是否正常
3.验证 MySQL 数据库可用性
准备工作：
一、 部署 MySQL 双主复制
- 注意：未部署 MySQL 数据库需看：CentOS7 安装 MySQL 数据库 来进行安装。
1.配置时间同步
master1 上操作
[root@master1 ~]# yum -y install ntp [root@master1 ~]# sed -i '/^server/s/^/#/g' /etc/ntp.conf [root@master1 ~]# cat <<END >> /etc/ntp.conf server 127.127.1.0 fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 8 END [root@master1 ~]# systemctl restart ntpd #重启ntpd [root@master1 ~]# systemctl enable ntpd #设置开机自启 [root@master1 ~]# netstat -anpu | grep ntp #查看状态
master 2上操作
[root@master2 ~]# yum -y install ntpdate [root@master2 ~]# /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.1.1
2.配置双主复制
1）master1 上操作
[root@master1 ~]# cat <<END >> /etc/my.cnf log-bin=mysql-master1 server-id=1 log_slave_update=1 auto_increment_offset=1 auto_increment_increment=2 END [root@master1 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld [root@master1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repl@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123456'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> exit
2）master2 上操作
[root@master2 ~]# cat <<END >> /etc/my.cnf log-bin=mysql-master2 server-id=2 log_slave_update=1 auto_increment_offset=1 auto_increment_increment=2 END [root@master2 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld [root@master2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repl@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123456'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> exit
3）建立双主复制
master1 上操作
[root@master1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.2', master_user='repl', master_password='123456'; mysql> start slave; mysql> show slave status\G;
master2 上操作
[root@master2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.1', master_user='repl', master_password='123456'; mysql> start slave; mysql> show slave status\G;
二、部署 LVS+Keepalived 实现 MySQL 双主复制高可用
1.配置主调度器
[root@keep1 ~]# yum -y install keepalived ipvsadm [root@keep1 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf global_defs { router_id 1 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER interface ens33 virtual_router_id 51 priority 100 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.1.188 } } virtual_server 192.168.1.188 3306 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo rr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 0 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.1.1 3306 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_port 3306 connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } real_server 192.168.1.2 3306 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_port 3306 connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } } [root@keep1 ~]# systemctl start keepalived [root@keep2 ~]# ip a
2.配置备调度器
[root@keep2 ~]# yum -y install keepalived ipvsadm [root@keep2 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf global_defs { router_id 2 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP interface ens33 virtual_router_id 51 priority 99 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.1.188 } } virtual_server 192.168.1.188 3306 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo rr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 0 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.1.1 3306 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_port 3306 connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } real_server 192.168.1.2 3306 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_port 3306 connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } } [root@keep2 ~]# systemctl start keepalived
3.查看 LVS 集群状态
[root@keep1 ~]# ipvsadm -ln
4.编写 LVS 启动脚本
在 master1 master2 上操作
[root@master1 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/realserver #!/bin/bash VIP=192.168.1.188 . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions case "$1" in start) /sbin/ifconfig lo down /sbin/ifconfig lo up echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce /sbin/sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1 /sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up /sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0 echo "LVS-DR real server starts successfully.\n" ;; stop) /sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down /sbin/route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1 echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce echo "LVS-DR real server stopped.\n" ;; status) isLoOn=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 | grep "$VIP"` isRoOn=`/bin/netstat -rn | grep "$VIP"` if [ "$isLoON" == "" -a "$isRoOn" == "" ]; then echo "LVS-DR real server has run yet." else echo "LVS-DR real server is running." fi exit 3 ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status}" exit 1 esac exit 0 [root@master1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/realserver #添加可执行权限 [root@master1 ~]# /etc/init.d/realserver start #启动脚本 [root@master1 ~]# echo "/etc/init.d/realserver" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local #设置开启自启动 [root@master1 ~]# ifconfig lo:0
三、验证
在任意一台 master 添加一个测试用户
[root@master1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 mysql> grant all on *.* to test@'%' identified by '123123'; mysql> flush privileges;
1.验证 LVS 负载均衡是否正常
[root@client ~]# yum -y install mariadb [root@client ~]# mysql -utest -p123123 -h192.168.1.188 -e "show variables like 'server_id'" [root@client ~]# mysql -utest -p123123 -h192.168.1.188 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
2.验证 Keepalived 双机热备是否正常
- 关闭 LVS 主调度器，查看客户机是否能够正常访问数据库。
3.验证 MySQL 数据库可用性
[root@master1 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
