Mysql一个熟悉的概念，一个全新的知识领域。开始我全方位数据库学习之旅。
一切，从安装开始，自己动手每一步。
Linux在安装的过程中，可以勾选Mysql的安装，但是安装的版本是Mysql-5.1.73，版本非常低。必须重新安装，当前最新版本是5.7。但是卸载再安装，明显比空白Linux安装麻烦一点。
下面开始卸载/安装过程。
1. Mysql下载地址
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https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=469494
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2. 确认OS版本
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# more /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
Kernel \r
on
an \m
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# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch
Distributor ID: CentOS
Description: CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
Release: 6.7
Codename: Final
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3. 根据OS版本，找到需要下载的Mysql版本，右键“将链接另存为”，即可获得下载地址
4. 到Linux下，通过wget下载
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wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
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下面三个rpm包存在依赖关系，也需要下载
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# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
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5. 检查查询发现，已经安装Mysql-5.1.73，版本非常低。必须重新安装，当前最新版本是5.7
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# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.5r1144-7.el6.x86_64
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6. 准备安装，安装前，就怀疑，会不会覆盖？会不会冲突？安装一下试试，就知道了。
同时安装4个rpm包
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# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
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7. 果然冲突了
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warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature,
key
ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
file /usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys
from
install
of
mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts
with
file
from
package mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys
from
install
of
mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts
with
file
from
package mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys
from
install
of
mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts
with
file
from
package mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys
from
install
of
mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts
with
file
from
package mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys
from
install
of
mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts
with
file
from
package mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
......
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8. 经过查询，也安装失败了，还是5.1.73版本
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# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.5r1144-7.el6.x86_64
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9. 开始卸载原有的5.1.73的Mysql，几种卸载方式，首推YUM方式卸载
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# yum remove mysql
# rpm -e mysql // 普通删除模式
# rpm -e
--nodeps mysql // 强力删除模式，如果使用上面命令删除时，提示有依赖的其它文件，则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除
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10 .还剩余下面两个包
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# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.5r1144-7.el6.x86_64
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11. 执行yum localinstall安装，发现需要卸载mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64，通过yun卸载这个包后，可以安装了。
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# yum localinstall mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-
1.el6.x86_64.rpm
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up
Local
Package Process
Examining mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
to
be installed
Loading mirror speeds
from
cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.cn99.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Examining mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
to
be installed
Examining mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
to
be installed
Examining mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
to
be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.18-1.el6 will be installed
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.18-1.el6 will be installed
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.18-1.el6 will be installed
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.18-1.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository
Size
==================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.18-1.el6 /mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 100 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.18-1.el6 /mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 2.5 M
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.18-1.el6 /mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 8.9 M
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.18-1.el6 /mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 769 M
Transaction
Summary
==================================================================================================================================
Install 4 Package(s)
Total
size
: 880 M
Installed
size
: 880 M
Is
this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running
Transaction
Test
Transaction
Test Succeeded
Running
Transaction
Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 1/4
Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 2/4
Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 3/4
Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 1/4
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 2/4
Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 3/4
Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64 4/4
Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.18-1.el6 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.18-1.el6
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.18-1.el6 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.18-1.el6
Complete!
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12. 最后检查，已经安装成功
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# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64
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13. 安装完成，但是启动的时候遇到了问题：
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# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Initializing MySQL
database
: 2017-07-11T15:23:50.462866Z 0 [Warning]
TIMESTAMP
with
implicit
DEFAULT
value
is
deprecated. Please use
--explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-07-11T15:23:50.465315Z 0 [ERROR]
--initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2017-07-11T15:23:50.465365Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting
[FAILED]
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14. 百度的解决方法（是由于之前老版本的数据库已经占用这个文件夹，需要清空，或者在/etc/my.cnf中重新指定--datadir）
保证 --datadir目录为空。 /usr/local/var/mysql 这个目录
15. 启动成功
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# cd /var/lib/mysql
# ls
auto.cnf ib_buffer_pool ibdata1 ib_logfile0 ib_logfile1
# rm *
rm: remove regular file `auto.cnf
'? y
rm: remove regular file `ib_buffer_pool'
? y
rm: remove regular file `ibdata1
'? y
rm: remove regular file `ib_logfile0'
? y
rm: remove regular file `ib_logfile1'? y
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# service mysqld restart
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Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Initializing MySQL
database
: [ OK ]
Installing validate
password
plugin: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
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# ps -ef|grep mysql
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root 4533 1 0 23:25 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe
--datadir=/var/lib/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --basedir=/usr --user=mysql
mysql 4727 4533 4 23:25 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld
--basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
root 4762 3752 0 23:25 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql
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16. 然而启动的过程中，又遇到一些问题，密码不知道了，重置密码
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# mysql -u root
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied
for
user
'root'
@
'localhost'
(using
password
:
NO
)
[root@test mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter
password
:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied
for
user
'root'
@
'localhost'
(using
password
: YES)
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编辑mysql配置文件/etc/my.cnf，在[mysqld]这个条目下加入 skip-grant-tables 保存退出后重启mysql
# vi /etc/my.cnf
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[root@test mysql]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
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# mysql
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Welcome
to
the MySQL monitor. Commands
end
with
;
or
\g.
Your MySQL
connection
id
is
4
Server version: 5.7.18 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle
and
/
or
its affiliates.
All
rights reserved.
Oracle
is
a registered trademark
of
Oracle Corporation
and
/
or
its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks
of
their respective
owners.
Type
'help;'
or
'\h'
for
help. Type
'\c'
to
clear the
current
input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+
--------------------+
|
Database
|
+
--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+
--------------------+
4
rows
in
set
(0.00 sec)
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设置密码，然后删除/etc/my.cnf中的 skip-grant-tables
再次重启mysql
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mysql> use mysql;
Database
changed
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--.给root用户设置新密码：
5.7版本之前：
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mysql>
update
user
set
password
=
password
(
"新密码"
)
where
user
=
"root"
;
Query OK, 1
rows
affected (0.01 sec)
Rows
matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
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在5.7版本之后，mysql数据库下已经没有password这个字段了，password字段改成了authentication_string。
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update
mysql.
user
set
authentication_string=
PASSWORD
(
'oracle'
)
where
User
=
'root'
;
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mysql> flush
privileges
;
Query OK, 0
rows
affected (0.00 sec)
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---退出mysql，重启然后重新登录
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# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
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# mysql -uroot -poracle
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mysql: [Warning] Using a
password
on
the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome
to
the MySQL monitor. Commands
end
with
;
or
\g.
Your MySQL
connection
id
is
5
Server version: 5.7.18
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle
and
/
or
its affiliates.
All
rights reserved.
Oracle
is
a registered trademark
of
Oracle Corporation
and
/
or
its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks
of
their respective
owners.
Type
'help;'
or
'\h'
for
help. Type
'\c'
to
clear the
current
input statement.
mysql>
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本文转自 hsbxxl 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/hsbxxl/1947164，如需转载请自行联系原作者
