python中用string.maketrans和translate巧妙替换字符串
将nginx日志中字符串 [2013-07-03T00:29:40-05:00] HTTP 格式化为："2013-07-03 00:29:40-05:00"
整条日志如下：
92.82.22.46 - - [2013-07-03T00:29:40-05:00] "GET /images/mask_bg.png HTTP/1.1" 200 195 "http://www.chlinux.net/" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0)" "-"
将[2013-07-03T00:29:40-05:00] 替换成为："2013-07-03 00:29:40-05:00"
把[]换成"",然后把T替换成空格
做法如下：
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>>> s
=
'''92.82.22.46 - - [2013-07-03T00:29:40-05:00] "GET /images/mask_bg.png HTTP/1.1" 200 195 "http://www.chlinux.net/" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0)" "-"'''
>>> table
=
string.maketrans(
'[]'
,
'""'
)
>>> s.translate(table)
'92.82.22.46 - - "2013-07-03T00:29:40-05:00" "GET /images/mask_bg.png HTTP/1.1" 200 195 "http://www.chlinux.net/" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0)" "-"'
>>> s.translate(table).replace(
'T'
,
' '
,
1
)
#替换掉第一个T为空格
'92.82.22.46 - - "2013-07-03 00:29:40-05:00" "GET /images/mask_bg.png HTTP/1.1" 200 195 "http://www.chlinux.net/" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0)" "-"'
也可以这样：
>>> table
=
re.sub(
'\[|\]'
,
'"'
,s).replace(
'T'
,
' '
,
1
)
>>>
print
table
'92.82.22.46 - - "2013-07-03 00:29:40-05:00" "GET /images/mask_bg.png HTTP/1.1" 200 195 "http://www.chlinux.net/" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0)" "-"'
本文转自 lover00751CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/wangwei007/1242206，如需转载请自行联系原作者
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