【Android 开发入门】android studio 控制台打印输出日志

有些情况下，不方便使用断点的方式来调试，而是希望在控制台打印输出日志，使用过Eclipse的同学都知道Java可以使用 System.out.println(""); 来在控制台打印输出日志，但是在android studio中却是不行的，还是有差别的，那应该用什么呢？

android.util.Log

在调试代码的时候我们需要查看调试信息，那我们就需要用Android Log类。

android.util.Log常用的方法有以下5个：Log.v() Log.d() Log.i() Log.w() 以及 Log.e() 。根据首字母对应VERBOSE，DEBUG,INFO, WARN，ERROR。

1、Log.v 的调试颜色为黑色的，任何消息都会输出，这里的v代表verbose啰嗦的意思，平时使用就是Log.v("","");

2、Log.d的输出颜色是蓝色的，仅输出debug调试的意思，但他会输出上层的信息，过滤起来可以通过DDMS的Logcat标签来选择.

3、Log.i的输出为绿色，一般提示性的消息information，它不会输出Log.v和Log.d的信息，但会显示i、w和e的信息

4、Log.w的意思为橙色，可以看作为warning警告，一般需要我们注意优化Android代码，同时选择它后还会输出Log.e的信息。

5、Log.e为红色，可以想到error错误，这里仅显示红色的错误信息，这些错误就需要我们认真的分析，查看栈的信息了。

注意：不同的打印方法在使用时都是某个方法带上(String tag, String msg)参数，tag表示的是打印信息的标签，msg表示的是需要打印的信息。

Log.java类

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package android.util;

import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * Mock Log implementation for testing on non android host.
 */
public final class Log {

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.v.
     */
    public static final int VERBOSE = 2;

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.d.
     */
    public static final int DEBUG = 3;

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.i.
     */
    public static final int INFO = 4;

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.w.
     */
    public static final int WARN = 5;

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.e.
     */
    public static final int ERROR = 6;

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method.
     */
    public static final int ASSERT = 7;

    private Log() {
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #VERBOSE} log message.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     */
    public static int v(String tag, String msg) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, VERBOSE, tag, msg);
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #VERBOSE} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int v(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, VERBOSE, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #DEBUG} log message.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     */
    public static int d(String tag, String msg) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, DEBUG, tag, msg);
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #DEBUG} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int d(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, DEBUG, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /**
     * Send an {@link #INFO} log message.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     */
    public static int i(String tag, String msg) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, INFO, tag, msg);
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #INFO} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int i(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, INFO, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #WARN} log message.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     */
    public static int w(String tag, String msg) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, WARN, tag, msg);
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #WARN} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int w(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, WARN, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /*
     * Send a {@link #WARN} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int w(String tag, Throwable tr) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, WARN, tag, getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /**
     * Send an {@link #ERROR} log message.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     */
    public static int e(String tag, String msg) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, ERROR, tag, msg);
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #ERROR} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int e(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, ERROR, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /**
     * Handy function to get a loggable stack trace from a Throwable
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static String getStackTraceString(Throwable tr) {
        if (tr == null) {
            return "";
        }

        // This is to reduce the amount of log spew that apps do in the non-error
        // condition of the network being unavailable.
        Throwable t = tr;
        while (t != null) {
            if (t instanceof UnknownHostException) {
                return "";
            }
            t = t.getCause();
        }

        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw);
        tr.printStackTrace(pw);
        pw.flush();
        return sw.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Low-level logging call.
     * @param priority The priority/type of this log message
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @return The number of bytes written.
     */
    public static int println(int priority, String tag, String msg) {
        return println(LOG_ID_MAIN, priority, tag, msg);
    }

    /** @hide */ public static final int LOG_ID_MAIN = 0;
    /** @hide */ public static final int LOG_ID_RADIO = 1;
    /** @hide */ public static final int LOG_ID_EVENTS = 2;
    /** @hide */ public static final int LOG_ID_SYSTEM = 3;
    /** @hide */ public static final int LOG_ID_CRASH = 4;

    /** @hide */ @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    public static int println(int bufID,
            int priority, String tag, String msg) {
        return 0;
    }
}

在代码编辑器中，将光标定位在Log上，然后按下快捷键：Ctrl+B，就可以打开类文件了。

Logcat窗口

我还真不知道这个窗口能不能完全关闭掉，它好像是和Android Monitor 是一体的。如下图：

我们可以在logcat上按下然后拖动鼠标，把它拉出来，弹出一个单独的窗口。

关闭窗口之后，它又会回到Android Monitor 上。

上图中点击Restore ‘logcat’View 之后又弹出窗口，而不是和Android Monitor并排在标签上；

这时你可以在 ‘logcat’标签上按钮鼠标左键拖动它到Monitor标签旁边松开鼠标，它就回去了。

你也可以通过下拉列表框中的选项，或右侧的搜索框输入指定的关键词来筛选日志内容。

也可以通过右侧的编辑筛选配置来创建特定的筛选类型，方便以后使用。

小结

关于日志的使用就说这么多。

通过打印输出日志来调试是一种方法，却不是一种万能的方法。

为什么这么说呢？

因为有些时候（比如线程、网络操作之类的），打印日志的时候没有Bug，但把日志关了就会出Bug。

有些情况是调试模式运行的时候不出Bug，而正式运行的时候就出Bug。

上一篇：走进Android开发的世界，HelloWorld

系列导航：【Android 开发入门】

===========文后小料============ 

真正改变命运的其实并不是知识，而是这些知识带给你的能力的提高。也就是说，转化为能力的知识，才能够改变你的命运。
当你去追求一个百分之百的安全感的时候，你可能就只能把自己困在原地，哪儿都去不了，其实这是最不安全的。
今天这一代的员工，一定是通过提升自己的能力换来自己的安全。我们也更倾向于把价值存在朋友圈里边。

===========文档信息============ 
版权声明：非商用自由转载-保持署名-注明出处 
署名(BY) ：testcs_dn(微wx笑) 
文章出处：[无知人生，记录点滴](http://blog.csdn.net/testcs_dn)