Java泛型（1）

//泛型在List中的使用
@Test
public void test1(){
    //举例：将学生成绩保存在ArrayList中
    //标准写法：
    //ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
    //jdk7的新特性：类型推断
    ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();

    list.add(56); //自动装箱
    list.add(76);
    list.add(88);
    list.add(89);
    //当添加非Integer类型数据时，编译不通过
    //list.add("Tom");//编译报错

    Iterator<Integer> iterator = list.iterator();
    while(iterator.hasNext()){
        //不需要强转，直接可以获取添加时的元素的数据类型
        Integer score = iterator.next();
        System.out.println(score);
    }
}

//泛型在Map中的使用
@Test
public void test2(){
    HashMap<String,Integer> map = new HashMap<>();

    map.put("Tom",67);
    map.put("Jim",56);
    map.put("Rose",88);
    //编译不通过
    //        map.put(67,"Jack");

    //遍历key集
    Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();
    for(String str:keySet){
        System.out.println(str);
    }

    //遍历value集
    Collection<Integer> values = map.values();
    Iterator<Integer> iterator = values.iterator();
    while(iterator.hasNext()){
        Integer value = iterator.next();
        System.out.println(value);
    }

    //遍历entry集
    Set<Map.Entry<String, Integer>> entrySet = map.entrySet();
    Iterator<Map.Entry<String, Integer>> iterator1 = entrySet.iterator();
    while(iterator1.hasNext()){
        Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry = iterator1.next();
        String key = entry.getKey();
        Integer value = entry.getValue();
        System.out.println(key + ":" + value);
    }

}

（1）创建一个ArrayList集合对象，并指定泛型为<Integer>

（2）添加5个[0,100)以内的整数到集合中

（3）使用foreach遍历输出5个整数

（4）使用集合的removeIf方法删除偶数，为Predicate接口指定泛型<Ineteger>

（5）再使用Iterator迭代器输出剩下的元素，为Iterator接口指定泛型<Integer>

package com.atguigu.generic;

public class Circle{
    private double radius;

    public Circle(double radius) {
        super();
        this.radius = radius;
    }

    public double getRadius() {
        return radius;
    }

    public void setRadius(double radius) {
        this.radius = radius;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Circle [radius=" + radius + "]";
    }

}

package com.atguigu.generic;

import java.util.Comparator;

class CircleComparator implements Comparator{
    @Override
    public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {
        //强制类型转换
        Circle c1 = (Circle) o1;
        Circle c2 = (Circle) o2;
        return Double.compare(c1.getRadius(), c2.getRadius());
    }
}
//测试：
public class TestNoGeneric {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CircleComparator com = new CircleComparator();
        System.out.println(com.compare(new Circle(1), new Circle(2)));

        System.out.println(com.compare("圆1", "圆2"));//运行时异常：ClassCastException
    }
}

package com.atguigu.generic;

import java.util.Comparator;

class CircleComparator1 implements Comparator<Circle> {

    @Override
    public int compare(Circle o1, Circle o2) {
        //不再需要强制类型转换，代码更简洁
        return Double.compare(o1.getRadius(), o2.getRadius());
    }
}

//测试类
public class TestHasGeneric {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CircleComparator1 com = new CircleComparator1();
        System.out.println(com.compare(new Circle(1), new Circle(2)));

        //System.out.println(com.compare("圆1", "圆2"));
        //编译错误，因为"圆1", "圆2"不是Circle类型，是String类型，编译器提前报错，
        //而不是冒着风险在运行时再报错。
    }
}

package com.atguigu.genericclass.use;

public class Rectangle implements Comparable<Rectangle>{
    private double length;
    private double width;

    public Rectangle(double length, double width) {
        this.length = length;
        this.width = width;
    }

    public double getLength() {
        return length;
    }

    public void setLength(double length) {
        this.length = length;
    }

    public double getWidth() {
        return width;
    }

    public void setWidth(double width) {
        this.width = width;
    }
  //获取面积
    public double area(){
        return length * width;
    }
    //获取周长
    public double perimeter(){
        return 2 * (length + width);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Rectangle{" +
                "length=" + length +
                ", width=" + width +
                ",area =" + area() +
                ",perimeter = " + perimeter() +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Rectangle o) {
        int compare = Double.compare(area(), o.area());
        return compare != 0 ? compare : Double.compare(perimeter(),o.perimeter());
    }
}