使用memc-nginx和srcache-nginx构建高效透明的缓存机制 这个解决了往里面写的问题

使用 Nginx 和 Memcached 对 WordPress/Magento 的整页做缓存 使用memc-nginx和srcache-nginx构建高效透明的缓存机制 这个解决了往里面写的问题。：报错

页面加载时间已成为每一个电子商务网站的非常重要的一项指标。而 Magento 是一个资源消耗的大户，如果不使用诸如反向代理和整页缓存机制的话，其性能是非常之差。而使用 nginx + memcached 来创建一个整页缓存是非常简单的。

有言在先：

建议不用使用 Varnish 或者是 Magento 自身的整页缓存机制，本文介绍的方案非常简单，如果你使用其他方法可能会引来更多的麻烦，这些麻烦主要集中在缓存的清除上。

另外一个问题是你需要确认使用指定的 URL 来清除两级缓存中的数据。

下面让我们来看具体的实现方法：

这个配置文件我在 Magento 和 WordPress 都测试过！

#memcache servers load balanced
upstream memcached {
        server     server_ip_1:11211 weight=5 max_fails=3  fail_timeout=30s;
        server     server_ip_2:11211 weight=3 max_fails=3  fail_timeout=30s;
        server    server_ip_3:11211;
	keepalive 1024 single;
}
#fastcgi - little load balancer
upstream phpbackend{
	server     server_ip_1:9000 weight=5 max_fails=5  fail_timeout=30s;
        server     server_ip_2:9000 weight=3 max_fails=3  fail_timeout=30s;
        server    server_ip_3:9000;
}
server {
    listen   80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied
    root /var/www/vhosts/kingletas.com/www;
    server_name kingletas.com;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;

    client_body_timeout  1460;
    client_header_timeout 1460;
    send_timeout 1460;
    client_max_body_size 10m;
    keepalive_timeout 1300;

    location /app/                { deny all; }
    location /includes/           { deny all; }
    location /lib/                { deny all; }
    location /media/downloadable/ { deny all; }
    location /pkginfo/            { deny all; }
    location /report/config.xml   { deny all; }
    location /var/                { deny all; }

   location ~* \.(jpg|png|gif|css|js|swf|flv|ico)$ {
	    expires max;
	    tcp_nodelay off;
	    tcp_nopush on;
    }
    location / {
		
        try_files $uri $uri/ @handler;
        expires 30d;
    }
   location @handler {
	rewrite / /index.php;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        if (!-e $request_filename) { 
            rewrite / /index.php last; 
        }  
        expires        off; ## Do not cache dynamic content
        default_type       text/html; charset utf-8;
        if ($request_method = GET) { # I know if statements are evil but don't know how else to do this
            set $memcached_key $request_uri; Catalog request modal 
            memcached_pass     memcached;
            error_page         404 502 = @cache_miss;
            add_header x-header-memcached true;
		}
		if ($request_method != GET) {
			fastcgi_pass phpbackend;
		}
    }
    location @cache_miss {
        # are we using a reverse proxy?
        proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
        proxy_redirect off;
        proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;
        
        #configure fastcgi
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_send_timeout  5m;
        fastcgi_read_timeout 5m;
        fastcgi_connect_timeout 5m;
        fastcgi_buffer_size	256k;
        fastcgi_buffers	4	512k;
        fastcgi_busy_buffers_size	768k;
        fastcgi_param GEOIP_COUNTRY_CODE $geoip_country_code; 
        fastcgi_param GEOIP_COUNTRY_NAME $geoip_country_name; 
        fastcgi_param  PHP_VALUE "memory_limit = 32M";
        fastcgi_param  PHP_VALUE "max_execution_time = 18000";
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
    location ~ /\. {
		deny all;
	}
}
#if you want to make it even better your own cdn
#server {
#      listen 80; 
#      server_name media.kingletas.com;
#      root /var/www/vhosts/kingletas.com/www;
#}
#server {
#      listen 80; 
#      server_name css.kingletas.com;
#      root /var/www/vhosts/kingletas.com/www;
#}
#server {
#      listen 80; 
#      server_name js.kingletas.com;
#      root /var/www/vhosts/kingletas.com/www;
#}

另外一个要点需要记住的是 Nginx 试图从内存中读取数据，而不往里面写，也就是说你仍然需要自己负责往 memcached 中写数据，因此我们需要在 WordPress 里的 index.php 做如下处理：

/**
* Front to the WordPress application. This file doesn't do anything, but loads
* wp-blog-header.php which does and tells WordPress to load the theme.
 *
* @package WordPress
 */

/**
* Tells WordPress to load the WordPress theme and output it.
 *
* @var  bool
 */
ini_set("memcache.compress_threshold",4294967296); //2^32
ob_start();

define('WP_USE_THEMES', true);

/** Loads the WordPress Environment and Template */
require('./wp-blog-header.php');

$buffer = ob_get_contents();

ob_end_clean();

$memcache_obj = memcache_connect("localhost", 11211);
memcache_add($memcache_obj,$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'],$buffer,0);

echo $buffer;

最后需要注意的是，我们必须修改 memcache.compress_threshold 设置项值为很大的数字，因为一旦超限时 memcached 将会忽略不压缩的设置。

同样的思路也适用于 Magento。

英文原文，OSCHINA原创翻译