有哪些提高效率的python编程技巧？

每次写 Python 都会忘记该怎么写，最后只能去 Stack Overflow 查？我也一样。时间一长，这让人厌倦。

这 15 个 Python 技巧和窍门，可以帮你提高效率。

1. 交换值

x, y = 1, 2 print(x, y) x, y = y, x print(x, y)

2. 字符串列表合并为一个字符串

sentence_list = ["my", "name", "is", "George"] sentence_string = " ".join(sentence_list) print(sentence_string)

3. 将字符串拆分为子字符串列表

sentence_string = "my name is George" sentence_string.split() print(sentence_string)

4. 通过数字填充初始化列表

[0]*1000 # List of 1000 zeros
[8.2]*1000 # List of 1000 8.2's

5. 字典合并

x = {'a': 1, 'b': 2} y = {'b': 3, 'c': 4} z = {**x, **y}

6. 反转字符串

name = "George" name[::-1] 7. 从函数返回多个值

def get_a_string(): a = "George" b = "is" c = "cool" return a, b, c sentence = get_a_string() (a, b, c) = sentence

8. 列表解析式

a = [1, 2, 3] b = [num*2 for num in a] # Create a new list by multiplying each element in a by 2

9. 遍历字典

m = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}
for key, value in m.items(): print('{0}: {1}'.format(key, value))

10. 同时遍历列表的索引和值

m = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] for index, value in enumerate(m): print('{0}: {1}'.format(index, value))

11. 初始化空容器

a_list = list() a_dict = dict() a_map = map() a_set = set()

12. 删除字符串两端的无用字符

name = " George " name_2 = "George///" name.strip() # prints "George" name_2.strip("/") # prints "George"

13. 列表中出现最多的元素

test = [1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 2, 3, 1, 4, 4, 4] print(max(set(test), key = test.count))

14. 检查对象的内存使用情况

import sys x = 1 print(sys.getsizeof(x))

15. 将 dict 转换为 XML

from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element def dict_to_xml(tag, d): ''' Turn a simple dict of key/value pairs into XML ''' elem = Element(tag) for key, val in d.items(): child = Element(key) child.text = str(val) elem.append(child) return elem