后端小白的我，是如何成功搭建 express+mongodb 的简洁博客网站后端的-阿里云开发者社区

前言

blog-node 是采用了主流的前后端分离思想的，主里只讲后端。

blog-node 项目是 node + express + mongodb 的进行开发的，项目已经开源，项目地址在 github 上。

效果请看 http://biaochenxuying.cn/main.html

1. 后端

1.1 已经实现功能

[x] 登录
[x] 文章管理
[x] 标签管理
[x] 评论
[x] 留言管理
[x] 用户管理
[x] 友情链接管理
[x] 时间轴管理
[x] 身份验证

1.2 待实现功能

[ ] 点赞、留言和评论的通知管理
[ ] 个人中心（用来设置博主的各种信息）
[ ] 工作台（接入百度统计接口，查看网站浏览量和用户访问等数据）

2. 技术

node
cookie-parser : "~1.4.3"
crypto : "^1.0.1"
express: "~4.16.0"
express-session : "^1.15.6",
http-errors : "~1.6.2",
mongodb : "^3.1.8",
mongoose : "^5.3.7",
mongoose-auto-increment : "^5.0.1",
yargs : "^12.0.2"

3. 主文件 app.js

// modules
const createError = require('http-errors');
const express = require('express');
const path = require('path');
const cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');
const logger = require('morgan');
const session = require('express-session');
// import 等语法要用到 babel 支持
require('babel-register');
const app = express();
// view engine setup
app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'views'));
app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
app.use(logger('dev'));
app.use(express.json());
app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: false }));
app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));
app.use(cookieParser('blog_node_cookie'));
app.use(
    session({
        secret: 'blog_node_cookie',
        name: 'session_id', //# 在浏览器中生成cookie的名称key，默认是connect.sid
        resave: true,
        saveUninitialized: true,
        cookie: { maxAge: 60 * 1000 * 30, httpOnly: true }, //过期时间
    }),
);
const mongodb = require('./core/mongodb');
// data server
mongodb.connect();
//将路由文件引入
const route = require('./routes/index');
//初始化所有路由
route(app);
// catch 404 and forward to error handler
app.use(function(req, res, next) {
    next(createError(404));
});
// error handler
app.use(function(err, req, res, next) {
    // set locals, only providing error in development
    res.locals.message = err.message;
    res.locals.error = req.app.get('env') === 'development' ? err : {};
    // render the error page
    res.status(err.status || 500);
    res.render('error');
});
module.exports = app;

4. 数据库 core/mongodb.js

/**
 * Mongoose module.
 * @file 数据库模块
 * @module core/mongoose
 * @author  biaochenxuying <https://github.com/biaochenxuying>
 */
const consola = require('consola')
const CONFIG = require('../app.config.js')
const mongoose = require('mongoose')
const autoIncrement = require('mongoose-auto-increment')
// remove DeprecationWarning
mongoose.set('useFindAndModify', false)
// mongoose Promise
mongoose.Promise = global.Promise
// mongoose
exports.mongoose = mongoose
// connect
exports.connect = () => {
    // 连接数据库
    mongoose.connect(CONFIG.MONGODB.uri, {
        useCreateIndex: true,
        useNewUrlParser: true,
        promiseLibrary: global.Promise
    })
    // 连接错误
    mongoose.connection.on('error', error => {
        consola.warn('数据库连接失败!', error)
    })
    // 连接成功
    mongoose.connection.once('open', () => {
        consola.ready('数据库连接成功!')
    })
    // 自增 ID 初始化
    autoIncrement.initialize(mongoose.connection)
    // 返回实例
    return mongoose
}

5. 数据模型 Model

这里只介绍用户、文章和评论的模型。

5.1 用户

用户的字段都有设置类型 type，大多都设置了默认值 default ，邮箱设置了验证规则 validate，密码保存用了 crypto 来加密。

用了中间件自增 ID 插件 mongoose-auto-increment。

/**
 * User model module.
 * @file 权限和用户数据模型
 * @module model/user
 * @author biaochenxuying <https://github.com/biaochenxuying>
 */
const crypto = require('crypto');
const { argv } = require('yargs');
const { mongoose } = require('../core/mongodb.js');
const autoIncrement = require('mongoose-auto-increment');
const adminSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    // 名字
    name: { type: String, required: true, default: '' },
    // 用户类型 0：博主 1：其他用户
    type: { type: Number, default: 1 },
    // 手机
    phone: { type: String, default: '' },
    //封面
    img_url: { type: String, default: '' },
    // 邮箱
    email: { type: String, required: true, validate: /\w[-\w.+]*@([A-Za-z0-9][-A-Za-z0-9]+\.)+[A-Za-z]{2,14}/ },
    // 个人介绍
    introduce: { type: String, default: '' },
    // 头像
    avatar: { type: String, default: 'user' },
    // 密码
    password: {
        type: String,
        required: true,
        default: crypto
            .createHash('md5')
            .update(argv.auth_default_password || 'root')
            .digest('hex'),
    },
    // 创建日期
    create_time: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
    // 最后修改日期
    update_time: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
});
// 自增 ID 插件配置
adminSchema.plugin(autoIncrement.plugin, {
    model: 'User',
    field: 'id',
    startAt: 1,
    incrementBy: 1,
});
module.exports = mongoose.model('User', adminSchema);

5.2 文章

文章是分类型的：文章类型 => 1: 普通文章，2: 简历，3: 管理员介绍

而且简历和管理员介绍的文章只能是各自一篇（因为前台展示那里有个导航关于我，就是请求管理员介绍这篇文章的，简历也是打算这样子用的），普通文章可以是无数篇。

点赞的用户 like_users 那里应该只保存用户 id 的，这个后面修改一下。

/**
* Article model module.
* @file 文章数据模型
* @module model/article
* @author biaochenxuying <https://github.com/biaochenxuying>
*/
const { mongoose } = require('../core/mongodb.js');
const autoIncrement = require('mongoose-auto-increment');
// 文章模型
const articleSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    // 文章标题
    title: { type: String, required: true, validate: /\S+/ },
    // 文章关键字（SEO）
    keyword: [{ type: String, default: '' }],
    // 作者
    author: { type: String, required: true, validate: /\S+/ },
    // 文章描述
    desc: { type: String, default: '' },
    // 文章内容
    content: { type: String, required: true, validate: /\S+/ },
    // 字数
    numbers: { type: String, default: 0 },
    // 封面图
    img_url: { type: String, default: 'https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12890819-80fa7517ab3f2783.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240' },
    // 文章类型 => 1: 普通文章，2: 简历，3: 管理员介绍
    type: { type: Number, default: 1 },
    // 文章发布状态 => 0 草稿，1 已发布
    state: { type: Number, default: 1 },
    // 文章转载状态 => 0 原创，1 转载，2 混合
    origin: { type: Number, default: 0 },
    // 文章标签
    tags: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Tag', required: true }],
    comments: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Comment', required: true }],
    // 文章分类
    category: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Category', required: true }],
    // 点赞的用户
    like_users: [
        {
            // 用户id
            id: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId },
            // 名字
            name: { type: String, required: true, default: '' },
            // 用户类型 0：博主 1：其他用户
            type: { type: Number, default: 1 },
            // 个人介绍
            introduce: { type: String, default: '' },
            // 头像
            avatar: { type: String, default: 'user' },
            // 创建日期
            create_time: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
        },
    ],
    // 其他元信息
    meta: {
        views: { type: Number, default: 0 },
        likes: { type: Number, default: 0 },
        comments: { type: Number, default: 0 },
    },
    // 创建日期
    create_time: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
    // 最后修改日期
    update_time: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
});
// 自增 ID 插件配置
articleSchema.plugin(autoIncrement.plugin, {
    model: 'Article',
    field: 'id',
    startAt: 1,
    incrementBy: 1,
});
// 文章模型
module.exports = mongoose.model('Article', articleSchema);

5.3 评论

评论功能是实现了简单的三级评论的，第三者的评论（就是别人对一级评论进行再评论）放在 other_comments 里面。

/**
* Comment model module.
* @file 评论数据模型
* @module model/comment
* @author biaochenxuying <https://github.com/biaochenxuying>
*/
const { mongoose } = require('../core/mongodb.js');
const autoIncrement = require('mongoose-auto-increment');
// 评论模型
const commentSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    // 评论所在的文章 id
    article_id: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, required: true },
    // content
    content: { type: String, required: true, validate: /\S+/ },
    // 是否置顶
    is_top: { type: Boolean, default: false },
    // 被赞数
    likes: { type: Number, default: 0 },
    user_id: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'User', required: true },
    // 父评论的用户信息
    user: {
        // 用户id
        user_id: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId },
        // 名字
        name: { type: String, required: true, default: '' },
        // 用户类型 0：博主 1：其他用户
        type: { type: Number, default: 1 },
        // 头像
        avatar: { type: String, default: 'user' },
    },
    // 第三者评论
    other_comments: [
        {
            user: {
                id: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId },
                // 名字
                name: { type: String, required: true, default: '' },
                // 用户类型 0：博主 1：其他用户
                type: { type: Number, default: 1 },
            },
            // content
            content: { type: String, required: true, validate: /\S+/ },
            // 状态 => 0 待审核 / 1 通过正常 / -1 已删除 / -2 垃圾评论
            state: { type: Number, default: 1 },
            // 创建日期
            create_time: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
        },
    ],
    // 状态 => 0 待审核 / 1 通过正常 / -1 已删除 / -2 垃圾评论
    state: { type: Number, default: 1 },
    // 创建日期
    create_time: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
    // 最后修改日期
    update_time: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
});
// 自增 ID 插件配置
commentSchema.plugin(autoIncrement.plugin, {
    model: 'Comment',
    field: 'id',
    startAt: 1,
    incrementBy: 1,
});
// 标签模型
module.exports = mongoose.model('Comment', commentSchema);

其他模块的具体需求，都是些常用的逻辑可以实现的，也很简单，这里就不展开讲了。

6. 路由接口 routes

6.1 主文件

/*
*所有的路由接口
*/
const user = require('./user');
const article = require('./article');
const comment = require('./comment');
const message = require('./message');
const tag = require('./tag');
const link = require('./link');
const category = require('./category');
const timeAxis = require('./timeAxis');
module.exports = app => {
    app.post('/login', user.login);
    app.post('/logout', user.logout);
    app.post('/loginAdmin', user.loginAdmin);
    app.post('/register', user.register);
    app.post('/delUser', user.delUser);
    app.get('/currentUser', user.currentUser);
    app.get('/getUserList', user.getUserList);
    app.post('/addComment', comment.addComment);
    app.post('/addThirdComment', comment.addThirdComment);
    app.post('/changeComment', comment.changeComment);
    app.post('/changeThirdComment', comment.changeThirdComment);
    app.get('/getCommentList', comment.getCommentList);
    app.post('/addArticle', article.addArticle);
    app.post('/updateArticle', article.updateArticle);
    app.post('/delArticle', article.delArticle);
    app.get('/getArticleList', article.getArticleList);
    app.get('/getArticleListAdmin', article.getArticleListAdmin);
    app.post('/getArticleDetail', article.getArticleDetail);
    app.post('/likeArticle', article.likeArticle);
    app.post('/addTag', tag.addTag);
    app.post('/delTag', tag.delTag);
    app.get('/getTagList', tag.getTagList);
    app.post('/addMessage', message.addMessage);
    app.post('/addReplyMessage', message.addReplyMessage);
    app.post('/delMessage', message.delMessage);
    app.post('/getMessageDetail', message.getMessageDetail);
    app.get('/getMessageList', message.getMessageList);
    app.post('/addLink', link.addLink);
    app.post('/updateLink', link.updateLink);
    app.post('/delLink', link.delLink);
    app.get('/getLinkList', link.getLinkList);
    app.post('/addCategory', category.addCategory);
    app.post('/delCategory', category.delCategory);
    app.get('/getCategoryList', category.getCategoryList);
    app.post('/addTimeAxis', timeAxis.addTimeAxis);
    app.post('/updateTimeAxis', timeAxis.updateTimeAxis);
    app.post('/delTimeAxis', timeAxis.delTimeAxis);
    app.get('/getTimeAxisList', timeAxis.getTimeAxisList);
    app.post('/getTimeAxisDetail', timeAxis.getTimeAxisDetail);
};

6.2 文章

各模块的列表都是用了分页的形式的。

import Article from '../models/article';
import User from '../models/user';
import { responseClient, timestampToTime } from '../util/util';
exports.addArticle = (req, res) => {
    // if (!req.session.userInfo) {
    //     responseClient(res, 200, 1, '您还没登录,或者登录信息已过期，请重新登录！');
    //     return;
    // }
    const { title, author, keyword, content, desc, img_url, tags, category, state, type, origin } = req.body;
    let tempArticle = null
    if(img_url){
        tempArticle = new Article({
            title,
            author,
            keyword: keyword ? keyword.split(',') : [],
            content,
            numbers: content.length,
            desc,
            img_url,
            tags: tags ? tags.split(',') : [],
            category: category ? category.split(',') : [],
            state,
            type,
            origin,
        });
    }else{
        tempArticle = new Article({
            title,
            author,
            keyword: keyword ? keyword.split(',') : [],
            content,
            numbers: content.length,
            desc,
            tags: tags ? tags.split(',') : [],
            category: category ? category.split(',') : [],
            state,
            type,
            origin,
        });
    }
    tempArticle
        .save()
        .then(data => {
            responseClient(res, 200, 0, '保存成功', data);
        })
        .catch(err => {
            console.log(err);
            responseClient(res);
        });
};
exports.updateArticle = (req, res) => {
    // if (!req.session.userInfo) {
    //     responseClient(res, 200, 1, '您还没登录,或者登录信息已过期，请重新登录！');
    //     return;
    // }
    const { title, author, keyword, content, desc, img_url, tags, category, state, type, origin, id } = req.body;
    Article.update(
        { _id: id },
        {
            title,
            author,
            keyword: keyword ? keyword.split(','): [],
            content,
            desc,
            img_url,
            tags: tags ? tags.split(',') : [],
            category:category ? category.split(',') : [],
            state,
            type,
            origin,
        },
    )
        .then(result => {
            responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功', result);
        })
        .catch(err => {
            console.error(err);
            responseClient(res);
        });
};
exports.delArticle = (req, res) => {
    let { id } = req.body;
    Article.deleteMany({ _id: id })
        .then(result => {
            if (result.n === 1) {
                responseClient(res, 200, 0, '删除成功!');
            } else {
                responseClient(res, 200, 1, '文章不存在');
            }
        })
        .catch(err => {
            console.error('err :', err);
            responseClient(res);
        });
};
// 前台文章列表
exports.getArticleList = (req, res) => {
    let keyword = req.query.keyword || null;
    let state = req.query.state || '';
    let likes = req.query.likes || '';
    let tag_id = req.query.tag_id || '';
    let category_id = req.query.category_id || '';
    let pageNum = parseInt(req.query.pageNum) || 1;
    let pageSize = parseInt(req.query.pageSize) || 10;
    let conditions = {};
    if (!state) {
        if (keyword) {
            const reg = new RegExp(keyword, 'i'); //不区分大小写
            conditions = {
                $or: [{ title: { $regex: reg } }, { desc: { $regex: reg } }],
            };
        }
    } else if (state) {
        state = parseInt(state);
        if (keyword) {
            const reg = new RegExp(keyword, 'i');
            conditions = {
                $and: [
                    { $or: [{ state: state }] },
                    { $or: [{ title: { $regex: reg } }, { desc: { $regex: reg } }, { keyword: { $regex: reg } }] },
                ],
            };
        } else {
            conditions = { state };
        }
    }
    let skip = pageNum - 1 < 0 ? 0 : (pageNum - 1) * pageSize;
    let responseData = {
        count: 0,
        list: [],
    };
    Article.countDocuments(conditions, (err, count) => {
        if (err) {
            console.log('Error:' + err);
        } else {
            responseData.count = count;
            // 待返回的字段
            let fields = {
                title: 1,
                author: 1,
                keyword: 1,
                content: 1,
                desc: 1,
                img_url: 1,
                tags: 1,
                category: 1,
                state: 1,
                type: 1,
                origin: 1,
                comments: 1,
                like_User_id: 1,
                meta: 1,
                create_time: 1,
                update_time: 1,
            };
            let options = {
                skip: skip,
                limit: pageSize,
                sort: { create_time: -1 },
            };
            Article.find(conditions, fields, options, (error, result) => {
                if (err) {
                    console.error('Error:' + error);
                    // throw error;
                } else {
                    let newList = [];
                    if (likes) {
                        // 根据热度 likes 返回数据
                        result.sort((a, b) => {
                            return b.meta.likes - a.meta.likes;
                        });
                        responseData.list = result;
                    } else if (category_id) {
                        // 根据 分类 id 返回数据
                        result.forEach(item => {
                            if (item.category.indexOf(category_id) > -1) {
                                newList.push(item);
                            }
                        });
                        let len = newList.length;
                        responseData.count = len;
                        responseData.list = newList;
                    } else if (tag_id) {
                        // 根据标签 id 返回数据
                        result.forEach(item => {
                            if (item.tags.indexOf(tag_id) > -1) {
                                newList.push(item);
                            }
                        });
                        let len = newList.length;
                        responseData.count = len;
                        responseData.list = newList;
                    } else {
                        responseData.list = result;
                    }
                    responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功！', responseData);
                }
            });
        }
    });
};
// 后台文章列表
exports.getArticleListAdmin = (req, res) => {
    let keyword = req.query.keyword || null;
    let state = req.query.state || '';
    let likes = req.query.likes || '';
    let pageNum = parseInt(req.query.pageNum) || 1;
    let pageSize = parseInt(req.query.pageSize) || 10;
    let conditions = {};
    if (!state) {
        if (keyword) {
            const reg = new RegExp(keyword, 'i'); //不区分大小写
            conditions = {
                $or: [{ title: { $regex: reg } }, { desc: { $regex: reg } }],
            };
        }
    } else if (state) {
        state = parseInt(state);
        if (keyword) {
            const reg = new RegExp(keyword, 'i');
            conditions = {
                $and: [
                    { $or: [{ state: state }] },
                    { $or: [{ title: { $regex: reg } }, { desc: { $regex: reg } }, { keyword: { $regex: reg } }] },
                ],
            };
        } else {
            conditions = { state };
        }
    }
    let skip = pageNum - 1 < 0 ? 0 : (pageNum - 1) * pageSize;
    let responseData = {
        count: 0,
        list: [],
    };
    Article.countDocuments(conditions, (err, count) => {
        if (err) {
            console.log('Error:' + err);
        } else {
            responseData.count = count;
            // 待返回的字段
            let fields = {
                title: 1,
                author: 1,
                keyword: 1,
                content: 1,
                desc: 1,
                img_url: 1,
                tags: 1,
                category: 1,
                state: 1,
                type: 1,
                origin: 1,
                comments: 1,
                like_User_id: 1,
                meta: 1,
                create_time: 1,
                update_time: 1,
            };
            let options = {
                skip: skip,
                limit: pageSize,
                sort: { create_time: -1 },
            };
            Article.find(conditions, fields, options, (error, result) => {
                if (err) {
                    console.error('Error:' + error);
                    // throw error;
                } else {
                    if (likes) {
                        result.sort((a, b) => {
                            return b.meta.likes - a.meta.likes;
                        });
                    }
                    responseData.list = result;
                    responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功！', responseData);
                }
            })
                .populate([
                    { path: 'tags', },
                    { path: 'comments',  },
                    { path: 'category',  },
                ])
                .exec((err, doc) => {});
        }
    });
};
// 文章点赞
exports.likeArticle = (req, res) => {
    if (!req.session.userInfo) {
        responseClient(res, 200, 1, '您还没登录,或者登录信息已过期，请重新登录！');
        return;
    }
    let { id, user_id } = req.body;
    Article.findOne({ _id: id })
        .then(data => {
            let fields = {};
            data.meta.likes = data.meta.likes + 1;
            fields.meta = data.meta;
            let like_users_arr = data.like_users.length ? data.like_users : [];
            User.findOne({ _id: user_id })
                .then(user => {
                    let new_like_user = {};
                    new_like_user.id = user._id;
                    new_like_user.name = user.name;
                    new_like_user.avatar = user.avatar;
                    new_like_user.create_time = user.create_time;
                    new_like_user.type = user.type;
                    new_like_user.introduce = user.introduce;
                    like_users_arr.push(new_like_user);
                    fields.like_users = like_users_arr;
                    Article.update({ _id: id }, fields)
                        .then(result => {
                            responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功！', result);
                        })
                        .catch(err => {
                            console.error('err :', err);
                            throw err;
                        });
                })
                .catch(err => {
                    responseClient(res);
                    console.error('err 1:', err);
                });
        })
        .catch(err => {
            responseClient(res);
            console.error('err 2:', err);
        });
};
// 文章详情
exports.getArticleDetailByType = (req, res) => {
    let { type } = req.body;
    if (!type) {
        responseClient(res, 200, 1, '文章不存在 ！');
        return;
    }
    Article.findOne({ type: type }, (Error, data) => {
        if (Error) {
            console.error('Error:' + Error);
            // throw error;
        } else {
            data.meta.views = data.meta.views + 1;
            Article.updateOne({ type: type }, { meta: data.meta })
                .then(result => {
                    responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功 ！', data);
                })
                .catch(err => {
                    console.error('err :', err);
                    throw err;
                });
        }
    })
        .populate([
            { path: 'tags', select: '-_id' },
            { path: 'category', select: '-_id' },
            { path: 'comments', select: '-_id' },
        ])
        .exec((err, doc) => {
            // console.log("doc:");          // aikin
            // console.log("doc.tags:",doc.tags);          // aikin
            // console.log("doc.category:",doc.category);           // undefined
        });
};
// 文章详情
exports.getArticleDetail = (req, res) => {
    let { id } = req.body;
    let type = Number(req.body.type) || 1; //文章类型 => 1: 普通文章，2: 简历，3: 管理员介绍
    console.log('type:', type);
    if (type === 1) {
        if (!id) {
            responseClient(res, 200, 1, '文章不存在 ！');
            return;
        }
        Article.findOne({ _id: id }, (Error, data) => {
            if (Error) {
                console.error('Error:' + Error);
                // throw error;
            } else {
                data.meta.views = data.meta.views + 1;
                Article.updateOne({ _id: id }, { meta: data.meta })
                    .then(result => {
                        responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功 ！', data);
                    })
                    .catch(err => {
                        console.error('err :', err);
                        throw err;
                    });
            }
        })
            .populate([
                { path: 'tags',  },
                { path: 'category',  },
                { path: 'comments',  },
            ])
            .exec((err, doc) => {
                // console.log("doc:");          // aikin
                // console.log("doc.tags:",doc.tags);          // aikin
                // console.log("doc.category:",doc.category);           // undefined
            });
    } else {
        Article.findOne({ type: type }, (Error, data) => {
            if (Error) {
                console.log('Error:' + Error);
                // throw error;
            } else {
                if (data) {
                    data.meta.views = data.meta.views + 1;
                    Article.updateOne({ type: type }, { meta: data.meta })
                        .then(result => {
                            responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功 ！', data);
                        })
                        .catch(err => {
                            console.error('err :', err);
                            throw err;
                        });
                } else {
                    responseClient(res, 200, 1, '文章不存在 ！');
                    return;
                }
            }
        })
            .populate([
                { path: 'tags',  },
                { path: 'category',  },
                { path: 'comments',  },
            ])
            .exec((err, doc) => {});
    }
};

6.3 评论

评论是有状态的：状态 => 0 待审核 / 1 通过正常 / -1 已删除 / -2 垃圾评论。

管理一级和三级评论是设置前台能不能展示的，默认是展示，如果管理员看了，是条垃圾评论就设置为 -1 或者 -2 ，进行隐藏，前台就不会展现了。

import { responseClient } from '../util/util';
import Comment from '../models/comment';
import User from '../models/user';
import Article from '../models/article';
//获取全部评论
exports.getCommentList = (req, res) => {
    let keyword = req.query.keyword || null;
    let comment_id = req.query.comment_id || null;
    let pageNum = parseInt(req.query.pageNum) || 1;
    let pageSize = parseInt(req.query.pageSize) || 10;
    let conditions = {};
    if (comment_id) {
        if (keyword) {
            const reg = new RegExp(keyword, 'i'); //不区分大小写
            conditions = {
                _id: comment_id,
                content: { $regex: reg },
            };
        } else {
            conditions = {
                _id: comment_id,
            };
        }
    } else {
        if (keyword) {
            const reg = new RegExp(keyword, 'i'); //不区分大小写
            conditions = {
                content: { $regex: reg },
            };
        }
    }
    let skip = pageNum - 1 < 0 ? 0 : (pageNum - 1) * pageSize;
    let responseData = {
        count: 0,
        list: [],
    };
    Comment.countDocuments(conditions, (err, count) => {
        if (err) {
            console.error('Error:' + err);
        } else {
            responseData.count = count;
            // 待返回的字段
            let fields = {
                article_id: 1,
                content: 1,
                is_top: 1,
                likes: 1,
                user_id: 1,
                user: 1,
                other_comments: 1,
                state: 1,
                create_time: 1,
                update_time: 1,
            };
            let options = {
                skip: skip,
                limit: pageSize,
                sort: { create_time: -1 },
            };
            Comment.find(conditions, fields, options, (error, result) => {
                if (err) {
                    console.error('Error:' + error);
                    // throw error;
                } else {
                    responseData.list = result;
                    responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功！', responseData);
                }
            });
        }
    });
};
// 添加一级评论
exports.addComment = (req, res) => {
    if (!req.session.userInfo) {
        responseClient(res, 200, 1, '您还没登录,或者登录信息已过期，请重新登录！');
        return;
    }
    let { article_id, user_id, content } = req.body;
    User.findById({
        _id: user_id,
    })
        .then(result => {
            // console.log('result :', result);
            if (result) {
                let userInfo = {
                    user_id: result._id,
                    name: result.name,
                    type: result.type,
                    avatar: result.avatar,
                };
                let comment = new Comment({
                    article_id: article_id,
                    content: content,
                    user_id: user_id,
                    user: userInfo,
                });
                comment
                    .save()
                    .then(commentResult => {
                        Article.findOne({ _id: article_id }, (errors, data) => {
                            if (errors) {
                                console.error('Error:' + errors);
                                // throw errors;
                            } else {
                                data.comments.push(commentResult._id);
                                data.meta.comments = data.meta.comments + 1;
                                Article.updateOne({ _id: article_id }, { comments: data.comments, meta: data.meta })
                                    .then(result => {
                                        responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功 ！', commentResult);
                                    })
                                    .catch(err => {
                                        console.error('err :', err);
                                        throw err;
                                    });
                            }
                        });
                    })
                    .catch(err2 => {
                        console.error('err :', err2);
                        throw err2;
                    });
            } else {
                responseClient(res, 200, 1, '用户不存在');
            }
        })
        .catch(error => {
            console.error('error :', error);
            responseClient(res);
        });
};
// 添加第三者评论
exports.addThirdComment = (req, res) => {
    if (!req.session.userInfo) {
        responseClient(res, 200, 1, '您还没登录,或者登录信息已过期，请重新登录！');
        return;
    }
    let { article_id, comment_id, user_id, content } = req.body;
    Comment.findById({
        _id: comment_id,
    })
        .then(commentResult => {
            User.findById({
                _id: user_id,
            })
                .then(userResult => {
                    if (userResult) {
                        let userInfo = {
                            user_id: userResult._id,
                            name: userResult.name,
                            type: userResult.type,
                            avatar: userResult.avatar,
                        };
                        let item = {
                            user: userInfo,
                            content: content,
                        };
                        commentResult.other_comments.push(item);
                        Comment.updateOne(
                            { _id: comment_id },
                            {
                                other_comments: commentResult,
                            },
                        )
                            .then(result => {
                                responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功', result);
                                Article.findOne({ _id: article_id }, (errors, data) => {
                                    if (errors) {
                                        console.error('Error:' + errors);
                                        // throw errors;
                                    } else {
                                        data.meta.comments = data.meta.comments + 1;
                                        Article.updateOne({ _id: article_id }, { meta: data.meta })
                                            .then(result => {
                                                // console.log('result :', result);
                                                responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功 ！', result);
                                            })
                                            .catch(err => {
                                                console.log('err :', err);
                                                throw err;
                                            });
                                    }
                                });
                            })
                            .catch(err1 => {
                                console.error('err1:', err1);
                                responseClient(res);
                            });
                    } else {
                        responseClient(res, 200, 1, '用户不存在');
                    }
                })
                .catch(error => {
                    console.error('error :', error);
                    responseClient(res);
                });
        })
        .catch(error2 => {
            console.error('error2 :', error2);
            responseClient(res);
        });
};
// 管理一级评论
exports.changeComment = (req, res) => {
    if (!req.session.userInfo) {
        responseClient(res, 200, 1, '您还没登录,或者登录信息已过期，请重新登录！');
        return;
    }
    let { id, state } = req.body;
    Comment.updateOne(
        { _id: id },
        {
            state: Number(state),
        },
    )
        .then(result => {
            responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功', result);
        })
        .catch(err => {
            console.error('err:', err);
            responseClient(res);
        });
};
// 管理第三者评论
exports.changeThirdComment = (req, res) => {
    if (!req.session.userInfo) {
        responseClient(res, 200, 1, '您还没登录,或者登录信息已过期，请重新登录！');
        return;
    }
    let { comment_id, state, index } = req.body;
    Comment.findById({
        _id: comment_id,
    })
        .then(commentResult => {
            let i = index ? Number(index) : 0;
            if (commentResult.other_comments.length) {
                commentResult.other_comments[i].state = Number(state);
                Comment.updateOne(
                    { _id: comment_id },
                    {
                        other_comments: commentResult,
                    },
                )
                    .then(result => {
                        responseClient(res, 200, 0, '操作成功', result);
                    })
                    .catch(err1 => {
                        console.error('err1:', err1);
                        responseClient(res);
                    });
            } else {
                responseClient(res, 200, 1, '第三方评论不存在！', result);
            }
        })
        .catch(error2 => {
            console.log('error2 :', error2);
            responseClient(res);
        });
};

其他模块的具体需求，都是些常用的逻辑可以实现的，也很简单，这里就不展开讲了。

7. Build Setup ( 构建安装 )

# install dependencies
npm install 
# serve with hot reload at localhost: 3000
npm start
# build for production with minification

请使用 pm2 ，可以永久运行在服务器上，且不会一报错 node程序就挂了。

8. 项目地址

如果觉得该项目不错或者对你有所帮助，欢迎到 github 上给个 star，谢谢。

项目地址：

前台展示: https://github.com/biaochenxuying/blog-react
管理后台：https://github.com/biaochenxuying/blog-react-admin

后端：https://github.com/biaochenxuying/blog-node

blog：https://github.com/biaochenxuying/blog

后端小白的我，是如何成功搭建 express+mongodb 的简洁博客网站后端的

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