Python编程：fnmatch匹配文件名

* 匹配任何字符
? 匹配一个字符
[seq] 匹配在集合seq 中的任意字符
[!seq]  匹配不在集合seq 中的任意字符

import fnmatch
filenames = [
    "China.txt",
    "Japan.txt",
    "America.py",
    "Korea.conf",
]
# fnmatch 和 fnmatchcase 匹配文件，区别不太明显
for filename in filenames:
    if fnmatch.fnmatch(filename, '*.txt'):
        print(filename)
"""
China.txt
Japan.txt
"""
for filename in filenames:
    if fnmatch.fnmatchcase(filename, '*.txt'):
        print(filename)
"""
China.txt
Japan.txt
"""
# filter 过滤符合的文件
filenames = fnmatch.filter(filenames, "*.txt")
# 类似：[n for n in names if fnmatch(n, pattern)]
print(filenames)
# ['China.txt', 'Japan.txt']
# translate 翻译成re 正则表达式
print(fnmatch.translate("*.txt"))
# (?s:.*\.conf)\Z