阿里云ppas 逻辑备份(导出)、还原 - 导出到本地、从本地导入

背景
阿里云RDS PPAS是PG的企业版本，兼容PG同时兼容Oracle。

由于ppas做了很多兼容ORACLE的工作，所以元数据与PG社区版本有很大不同，那么用户在使用RDS PPAS时，如果有导出、导入的需求，请使用EDB 的pg_dump, pg_restore，请不要使用pg社区版本的pg_dump与pg_restore导出导入。

https://www.enterprisedb.com/

https://www.enterprisedb.com/software-downloads-welcome?resource=210381&campaign=70138000000eZKmAAM&anid=1255608&ma_formid=1048

安装edb提供的数据库软件（内置pgadmin, pg_dump, pg_restore）
注册edb账号

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下载edb提供数据库软件包

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edb-as10-server-10.5.12-1-windows-x64.exe

同一edb的许可

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安装

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指定目录，记住目录，回头可能要配置pgadmin的BIN路径

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安装勾选，如果只需要图形化管理软件pgadmin以及客户端命令，勾选如下

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如果需要安装数据库软件，插件等，则勾选另外两个。

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导出、备份ppas
直接使用edb pg_dump命令行导出，或者使用pgadmin图形化导出

pgadmin导出

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配置，并连接到目标库

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配置edb pg_dump bin目录

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备份指定数据库

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指定备份的输出文件名，其他参数建dump options里面的设置，或者参考pg_dump的帮助文件

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开始备份

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导入、还原ppas
直接使用edb pg_restore命令行导入，或者使用psql客户端执行SQL文件执行方式导入，或者使用pgadmin图形化导入

pgadmin导入、还原

创建目标库（连接到目标库）

restore

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指定restore的源备份文件名

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还原进度

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注意
阿里云RDS PPAS的postgres库里面有一些超级用户的表，在导出时不会有问题，但是导入时可能遇到一些权限分配告警，可以忽略。

但是建议用户在使用RDS PPAS时，业务上不要使用postgres数据库，用户可以为业务创建业务库，例如app1, app2等DB。

参考
https://www.enterprisedb.com/

man pg_dump

pg_dump --help

pg_dump dumps a database as a text file or to other formats.

Usage:
pg_dump [OPTION]... [DBNAME]

General options:
-f, --file=FILENAME output file or directory name
-F, --format=c|d|t|p output file format (custom, directory, tar,

                           plain text (default))  

-j, --jobs=NUM use this many parallel jobs to dump
-v, --verbose verbose mode
-V, --version output version information, then exit
-Z, --compress=0-9 compression level for compressed formats
--lock-wait-timeout=TIMEOUT fail after waiting TIMEOUT for a table lock
--no-sync do not wait for changes to be written safely to disk
-?, --help show this help, then exit

Options controlling the output content:
-a, --data-only dump only the data, not the schema
-b, --blobs include large objects in dump
-B, --no-blobs exclude large objects in dump
-c, --clean clean (drop) database objects before recreating
-C, --create include commands to create database in dump
-E, --encoding=ENCODING dump the data in encoding ENCODING
-n, --schema=SCHEMA dump the named schema(s) only
-N, --exclude-schema=SCHEMA do NOT dump the named schema(s)
-o, --oids include OIDs in dump
-O, --no-owner skip restoration of object ownership in

                           plain-text format  

-s, --schema-only dump only the schema, no data
-S, --superuser=NAME superuser user name to use in plain-text format
-t, --table=TABLE dump the named table(s) only
-T, --exclude-table=TABLE do NOT dump the named table(s)
-x, --no-privileges do not dump privileges (grant/revoke)
--binary-upgrade for use by upgrade utilities only
--column-inserts dump data as INSERT commands with column names
--disable-dollar-quoting disable dollar quoting, use SQL standard quoting
--disable-triggers disable triggers during data-only restore
--enable-row-security enable row security (dump only content user has

                           access to)  

--exclude-table-data=TABLE do NOT dump data for the named table(s)
--if-exists use IF EXISTS when dropping objects
--inserts dump data as INSERT commands, rather than COPY
--no-publications do not dump publications
--no-security-labels do not dump security label assignments
--no-subscriptions do not dump subscriptions
--no-synchronized-snapshots do not use synchronized snapshots in parallel jobs
--no-tablespaces do not dump tablespace assignments
--no-unlogged-table-data do not dump unlogged table data
--quote-all-identifiers quote all identifiers, even if not key words
--section=SECTION dump named section (pre-data, data, or post-data)
--serializable-deferrable wait until the dump can run without anomalies
--snapshot=SNAPSHOT use given snapshot for the dump
--strict-names require table and/or schema include patterns to

                           match at least one entity each  

--use-set-session-authorization

                           use SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION commands instead of  
                           ALTER OWNER commands to set ownership  

Connection options:
-d, --dbname=DBNAME database to dump
-h, --host=HOSTNAME database server host or socket directory
-p, --port=PORT database server port number
-U, --username=NAME connect as specified database user
-w, --no-password never prompt for password
-W, --password force password prompt (should happen automatically)
--role=ROLENAME do SET ROLE before dump

If no database name is supplied, then the PGDATABASE environment
variable value is used.

Report bugs to support@enterprisedb.com.
转自阿里云德哥