上篇文章主要介绍了redis安装配置：http://msiyuetian.blog.51cto.com/8637744/1717983
下面这篇文章主要介绍redis常用命令
一、Redis数值常用命令操作
1、String类型常用操作
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a 123456
| 127.0.0.1:6379> set key1 123 OK 127.0.0.1:6379> get key1 "123" 127.0.0.1:6379> set key1 456 //一个key对应一个value，多次赋值，会覆盖前面的value OK 127.0.0.1:6379> get key1 "456" 127.0.0.1:6379> |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> setnx key1 aaa (integer) 0 127.0.0.1:6379> get key1 "456" 127.0.0.1:6379> setnx key2 aaa (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> get key2 "aaa" |
说明：setnx如果key存在，则返回0，不存在会直接创建这个key。
| 127.0.0.1:6379> setex key3 100 bbb //给key设置过期时间100秒 OK 127.0.0.1:6379> get key3 "bbb" 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key3 //查看剩余生存时间 (integer) 89 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key3 (integer) 84 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key3 (integer) 70 |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> mset key1 a key2 b key3 c //批量创建 OK 127.0.0.1:6379> mget key1 key2 key3 1) "a" 2) "b" 3) "c" |
2、Hash类型常用操作
| 127.0.0.1:6379> hset hash1 name tpp //建立hash (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> hset hash1 age 25 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> hset hash1 job it (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall hash1 1) "name" 2) "tpp" 3) "age" 4) "25" 5) "job" 6) "it" 127.0.0.1:6379> hget hash1 name "tpp" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> hmset hash2 name xiaoming age 10 job student //批量建立键值对 OK 127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall hash2 1) "name" 2) "xiaoming" 3) "age" 4) "10" 5) "job" 6) "student" 127.0.0.1:6379> hmget hash2 name age job 1) "xiaoming" 2) "10" 3) "student" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> hdel hash2 job //删除指定的filed (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall hash2 1) "name" 2) "xiaoming" 3) "age" 4) "10" 127.0.0.1:6379> hkeys hash2 //打印所有的key 1) "name" 2) "age" 127.0.0.1:6379> hvals hash2 //打印所有的values 1) "xiaoming" 2) "10" 127.0.0.1:6379> hlen hash2 //查看hash有几个filed (integer) 2 |
3、List类型常用操作
| 127.0.0.1:6379> lpush list1 aaa //从左侧压入一个元素 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> lpush list1 bbb (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379> lpush list1 ccc (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1 //0为头，-1为尾 1) "ccc" 2) "bbb" 3) "aaa" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> lpop list1 //从左侧取出 "ccc" 127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1 1) "bbb" 2) "aaa" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> rpush list1 1 //从右侧压入一个元素 (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379> rpush list1 2 (integer) 4 127.0.0.1:6379> rpush list1 3 (integer) 5 127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1 1) "bbb" 2) "aaa" 3) "1" 4) "2" 5) "3" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> rpop list1 //从右侧取出 "3"
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1 1) "bbb" 2) "aaa" 3) "1" 4) "2" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> linsert list1 before aaa ccc //在元素aaa前面插入一个元素ccc (integer) 5 127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1 1) "bbb" 2) "ccc" 3) "aaa" 4) "1" 5) "2" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> lset list1 4 ddd //把第五个元素修改为ddd OK 127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1 1) "bbb" 2) "ccc" 3) "aaa" 4) "1" 5) "ddd" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> lindex list1 2 //查看第3个元素 "aaa" 127.0.0.1:6379> llen list1 //查看链表中有几个元素 (integer) 5 |
4、Set类型常用操作
| 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set1 a //向集合set1中放入元素 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set1 b (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set1 c (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set1 1 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set1 2 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set1 3 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1 //查看集合中的所有元素 1) "1" 2) "c" 3) "a" 4) "2" 5) "3" 6) "b" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> srem set1 c //删除元素c (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1 1) "a" 2) "2" 3) "3" 4) "1" 5) "b" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> spop set1 //随机取出一个元素，删除 "a" 127.0.0.1:6379> spop set1 "1" 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1 1) "2" 2) "3" 3) "b" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set2 2 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set2 a (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set2 b (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set2 1) "2" 2) "b" 3) "a"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff set1 set2 //求差集，以set1为标准 1) "3" 127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff set2 set1 //求差集，以set2为标准 1) "a"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiffstore set3 set1 set2 //求差集并存储到 set3 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set3 1) "3" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> sinter set1 set2 //求交集 1) "2" 2) "b" 127.0.0.1:6379> sinterstore set4 set1 set2 //求交集并存储到 set4 (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set4 1) "2" 2) "b" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> sunion set1 set2 //求并集 1) "2" 2) "b" 3) "3" 4) "a" 127.0.0.1:6379> sunionstore set5 set1 set2 //求并集并存储到 set5 (integer) 4 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set5 1) "2" 2) "b" 3) "3" 4) "a" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> sismember set5 2 //判断一个元素是否属于一个集合，属于返回1 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sismember set5 c //不属于返回0 (integer) 0 |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember set2 //随机取出一个元素，但不删除 "a" 127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember set2 "2" 127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember set2 "b" |
5、Zset类型常用操作
| 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd zset1 1 aaa //创建有序集合 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd zset1 10 bbb (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd zset1 5 ccc (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd zset1 20 ddd (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd zset1 100 eee (integer) 1 |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 //顺序显示所有元素 1) "aaa" 2) "ccc" 3) "bbb" 4) "ddd" 5) "eee" 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 withscores //顺序显示所有元素和分值 1) "aaa" 2) "1" 3) "ccc" 4) "5" 5) "bbb" 6) "10" 7) "ddd" 8) "20" 9) "eee" 10) "100" 127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrange zset1 0 -1 //反序显示所有元素 1) "eee" 2) "ddd" 3) "bbb" 4) "ccc" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> zrem zset1 aaa //删除指定元素 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 1) "ccc" 2) "bbb" 3) "ddd" 4) "eee" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> zrank zset1 ccc //按scores正向返回元素索引值，从0开始 (integer) 0 127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrank zset1 ccc //按scores反向返回元素索引值 (integer) 3 |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> zcard zset1 //返回集合中所有元素的个数 (integer) 4 |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> zcount zset1 1 10 //返回分值范围1-10的元素个数 (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore zset1 1 10 //返回分值范围1-10的元素 1) "ccc" 2) "bbb" 127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore zset1 1 10 withscores //同上，并显示score值 1) "ccc" 2) "5" 3) "bbb" 4) "10" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> zremrangebyrank zset1 0 2 //删除索引范围0-2的元素，按score正向 (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 1) "eee" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> zremrangebyscore zset1 10 100 //删除分值范围10-100的元素 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 (empty list or set) |
二、Redis键值相关操作
| 127.0.0.1:6379> keys * //取出所有key 1) "hash1" 2) "key2" 3) "set1" 4) "key4" 5) "key1" 6) "key3" 7) "zset1" 8) "list1" 127.0.0.1:6379> keys key* //模糊匹配 1) "key2" 2) "key4" 3) "key1" 4) "key3" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> exists set1 //键存在，返回1 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> exists set2 //键不存在，返回0 (integer) 0 |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> del key1 //删除一个key，成功返回1，否则返回0 (integer) 1 |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> expire key2 20 //设置key2的剩余过期时间为20s (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> get key2 "abcd" 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key2 //查看过期时间，单位为s ，正数为过期时间 (integer) 8 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key2 //返回-2，表示该键不存在 (integer) -2 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key3 //返回-1，表示该键没有设置剩余过期时间 (integer) -1 127.0.0.1:6379> expire key3 20 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> persist key3 //取消过期时间 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key3 (integer) -1 |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> select 2 //切换到库2，默认进入0库，系统总共16个库 OK 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> set key5 123 OK |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> move set1 2 //把set1移到库2中 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> select 2 OK 127.0.0.1:6379[2]> keys * 1) "key5" 2) "set1" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> keys * 1) "hash1" 2) "key4" 3) "key3" 4) "zset1" 5) "list1" 127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey //随机返回一个key "key4" 127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey "hash1" 127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey "zset1" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> rename list1 list2 //把list1重命名为list2 OK 127.0.0.1:6379> keys * 1) "hash1" 2) "list2" 3) "key4" 4) "key3" 5) "zset1" |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> type zset1 //返回键的类型 zset 127.0.0.1:6379> type hash1 hash |
三、Redis服务相关操作
| 127.0.0.1:6379> keys * 1) "hash1" 2) "list2" 3) "key4" 4) "key3" 5) "zset1" 127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize //返回当前数据库中key的数目 (integer) 5 |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> info //返回redis数据库状态信息 |
| 127.0.0.1:6379> flushdb //清空当前数据库中所有的键 OK 127.0.0.1:6379> flushall //清空所有数据库中的所有的键 OK |
