服务器端:Centos 7.3环境搭建git服务器
客户端:git客户端可以是windows、linux和mac
1、git服务器和客户端都安装Git
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[root@localhost ~]
# yum install git
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2、git服务器上创建一个git用户组和用户,用来运行git服务
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[root@localhost ~]
# groupadd git
[root@localhost ~]
# useradd git -g git
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3、创建证书登录(如果用ssh key操作,要操作这步。如果用密码登录不需要操作这步)
收集所有需要登录的客户端的公钥,公钥位于id_rsa.pub文件中。ssh key可以让客户端与git服务器安全加密连接,而且不需要输入密码。
(1)客户端生成公钥和私钥。
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[root@localhost ~]
# ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "442102293@qq.com"
Generating public
/private
rsa key pair.
Enter
file
in
which
to save the key (
/root/
.
ssh
/id_rsa
):
Created directory
'/root/.ssh'
.
Enter passphrase (empty
for
no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved
in
/root/
.
ssh
/id_rsa
.
Your public key has been saved
in
/root/
.
ssh
/id_rsa
.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
64:78:e9:5d:72:d0:d5:0c:51:f9:
dc
:25:ff:b5:5b:d9 442102293@qq.com
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
| .. .+*o|
| . . .. ..+|
| . = . o ++|
| = . + *|
| S . *|
| oE|
| o|
| . |
| |
+-----------------+
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(2)查看客户端生成的公钥。
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[root@localhost ~]
# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
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(3)git服务器上创建/home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys文件,并设置权限。
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[root@localhost ~]
# cd /home/git/
[root@localhost git]
# mkdir .ssh
[root@localhost git]
# chmod 700 .ssh
[root@localhost git]
# chown -R git.git .ssh
[root@localhost git]
# touch .ssh/authorized_keys
[root@localhost git]
# chmod 600 .ssh/authorized_keys (网上还有说法最好644)
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(4)把客户端公钥内容复制到/home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys文件
(5)git服务器上修改ssh配置文件,将密码验证关掉,开启ssh key验证。
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vi
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
找到PasswordAuthentication节点并设置为no;
开启RSA认证,将前面的
#去掉,并确保如下配置:
RSAAuthentication
yes
PubkeyAuthentication
yes
AuthorizedKeysFile .
ssh
/authorized_keys
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(6)git服务器上重启SSH服务使配置生效:
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[root@localhost git]
# systemctl restart sshd
[root@localhost git]
# service sshd restart
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4、git服务器上初始化Git仓库
首先我们选定一个目录作为Git仓库,比如是/home/gitrepo/runoob.git(叫这个名字,是因为参考完善别的文章):
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[root@localhost git]
# cd /home
[root@localhost home]
# mkdir gitrepo
[root@localhost home]
# chown git:git gitrepo/
[root@localhost home]
# cd gitrepo
[root@localhost gitrepo]
# git init --bare runoob.git
初始化空的 Git 版本库于
/home/gitrepo/runoob
.git/
[root@localhost gitrepo]
# chown -R git:git runoob.git
备注:服务器上的Git仓库名一般都以.git结尾。然后,把仓库所属用户改为git:
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5、客户端操作,克隆仓库
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[root@localhost ~]
# mkdir testdata
[root@localhost testdata]
# git clone git@192.168.1.109:/home/gitrepo/runoob.git
Initialized empty Git repository
in
/root/testdata/runoob/
.git/
warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository.
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6、客户端操作,提交文件
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[root@localhost testdata]
# cd runoob/
[root@localhost runoob]
# vi test.sh
[root@localhost runoob]
# git add test.sh
[root@localhost runoob]
# git commit -m "测试"
[master (root-commit) ee961b2] 测试
1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
create mode 100644
test
.sh
[root@localhost runoob]
# git status
# On branch master
nothing to commit (working directory clean)
[root@localhost runoob]
# git log
commit ee961b270d4541ff7440765a4c32d9ea722e3611
Author: gxm <gxm@
test
.com>
Date: Sun May 22 09:02:40 2016 +0800
测试
[root@localhost runoob]
# git remote -v
origin git@192.168.1.109:
/home/gitrepo/runoob
.git (fetch)
origin git@192.168.1.109:
/home/gitrepo/runoob
.git (push)
[root@localhost runoob]
# git push origin master
Counting objects: 3,
done
.
Writing objects: 100% (3
/3
), 216 bytes,
done
.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To git@192.168.1.109:
/home/gitrepo/runoob
.git
* [new branch] master -> master
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7、git服务器上,可以查看objects这个时间知道是否提交了
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[root@localhost runoob.git]
# ll
总用量 12
drwxr-xr-x. 2 git git 6 9月 14 00:12 branches
-rw-r--r--. 1 git git 66 9月 14 00:12 config
-rw-r--r--. 1 git git 73 9月 14 00:12 description
-rw-r--r--. 1 git git 23 9月 14 00:12 HEAD
drwxr-xr-x. 2 git git 242 9月 14 00:12 hooks
drwxr-xr-x. 2 git git 21 9月 14 00:12 info
drwxr-xr-x. 10 git git 90 9月 14 00:55 objects
drwxr-xr-x. 4 git git 31 9月 14 00:12 refs
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本文转自 sailikung 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/net881004/2068517,如需转载请自行联系原作者