在操作zabbix的时候，经常会遇到批量添加，更改的操作，一种方法是可以操作数据库，不过对于某些操作，zabbix数据库外键约束不强，是不太好操作数据库来解决的。另一种方式是使用zabbix的api。

下面是八牛同学对zabbix api做的封装，有兴趣的可以拿来用下，感谢八牛同学的支持。

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import  simplejson as json
import  urllib2, subprocess, re, time
class  ZabbixAPIException(Exception):
     pass
class  ZabbixAPI( object ):
     __auth  =  ''
     __id  =  0
     _state  =  {}
     def  __new__( cls ,  * args,  * * kw):
         if  not  cls ._state.has_key( cls ):
             cls ._state[ cls ]  =  super (ZabbixAPI,  cls ).__new__( cls ,  * args,  * * kw)
         return  cls ._state[ cls ]
     def  __init__( self , url, user, password):
         self .__url  =  url.rstrip( '/' )  +  '/api_jsonrpc.php'
         self .__user  =  user
         self .__password  =  password
         self ._zabbix_api_object_list  =  ( 'Action' ,  'Alert' ,  'APIInfo' ,  'Application' ,  'DCheck' ,  'DHost' ,  'DRule' ,
                 'DService' ,  'Event' ,  'Graph' ,  'Grahpitem' ,  'History' ,  'Host' ,  'Hostgroup' ,  'Image' ,  'Item' ,
                 'Maintenance' ,  'Map' ,  'Mediatype' ,  'Proxy' ,  'Screen' ,  'Script' ,  'Template' ,  'Trigger' ,  'User' ,
                 'Usergroup' ,  'Usermacro' ,  'Usermedia' )
     def  __getattr__( self , name):
         if  name  not  in  self ._zabbix_api_object_list:
             raise  ZabbixAPIException( 'No such API object: %s'  %  name)
         if  not  self .__dict__.has_key(name):
             self .__dict__[name]  =  ZabbixAPIObjectFactory( self , name)
         return  self .__dict__[name]
     def  login( self ):
         user_info  =  { 'user'      :  self .__user,
                      'password'  :  self .__password}
         obj  =  self .json_obj( 'user.login' , user_info)
         content  =  self .postRequest(obj)
         try :
             self .__auth  =  content[ 'result' ]
         except  KeyError, e:
             e  =  content[ 'error' ][ 'data' ]
             raise  ZabbixAPIException(e)
     def  isLogin( self ):
         return  self .__auth ! =  ''
     def  __checkAuth__( self ):
         if  not  self .isLogin():
             raise  ZabbixAPIException( "NOT logged in" )
     def  json_obj( self , method, params):
         obj  =  {  'jsonrpc'  :  '2.0' ,
                 'method'   : method,
                 'params'   : params,
                 'auth'     :  self .__auth,
                 'id'       :  self .__id}
         return  json.dumps(obj)
     def  postRequest( self , json_obj):
         #print 'Post: %s' % json_obj
         headers  =  {  'Content-Type'  :  'application/json-rpc' ,
                     'User-Agent'    :  'python/zabbix_api' }
         req  =  urllib2.Request( self .__url, json_obj, headers)
         opener  =  urllib2.urlopen(req)
         content  =  json.loads(opener.read())
         self .__id  + =  1
         #print 'Receive: %s' % content
         return  content
     '''
     /usr/local/zabbix/bin/zabbix_get is the default path to zabbix_get, it depends on the 'prefix' while install zabbix.
     plus, the ip(computer run this script) must be put into the conf of agent.
     '''
     @staticmethod
     def  zabbixGet(ip, key):
         zabbix_get  =  subprocess.Popen( '/apps/svr/zabbix/bin/zabbix_get  -s %s -k %s'  %  (ip, key), shell = True , stdout = subprocess.PIPE, stderr = subprocess.PIPE)
         result, err  =  zabbix_get.communicate()
         if  err:
             return  'ERROR'
         return  result.strip()
     def  createObject( self , object_name,  * args,  * * kwargs):
         return  object_name( self ,  * args,  * * kwargs)
     def  getHostByHostid( self , hostids):
         if  not  isinstance (hostids, list ):
             hostids  =  [hostids]
         return  [ dict [ 'host' ]  for  dict  in  self .host.get({ 'hostids' :hostids, 'output' : 'extend' })]
#################################################
#    Decorate Method
#################################################
def  checkAuth(func):
     def  ret( self ,  * args):
         self .__checkAuth__()
         return  func( self , args)
     return  ret
def  postJson(method_name):
     def  decorator(func):
         def  wrapper( self , params):
             try :
                 content  =  self .postRequest( self .json_obj(method_name, params))
                 return  content[ 'result' ]
             except  KeyError, e:
                 e  =  content[ 'error' ][ 'data' ]
                 raise  ZabbixAPIException(e)
         return  wrapper
     return  decorator
def  ZabbixAPIObjectMethod(func):
     def  wrapper( self , method_name, params):
         try :
             content  =  self .postRequest( self .json_obj(method_name, params))
             return  content[ 'result' ]
         except  KeyError, e:
             e  =  content[ 'error' ][ 'data' ]
             raise  ZabbixAPIException(e)
     return  wrapper
#################################################
#    Zabbix API Object (host, item...) 
#################################################
class  ZabbixAPIObjectFactory( object ):
     def  __init__( self , zapi, object_name = ''):
         self .__zapi  =  zapi
         self .__object_name  =  object_name
     def  __checkAuth__( self ):
         self .__zapi.__checkAuth__()
     def  postRequest( self , json_obj):
         return  self .__zapi.postRequest(json_obj)
     def  json_obj( self , method, param):
         return  self .__zapi.json_obj(method, param)
     def  __getattr__( self , method_name):
         def  method(params):
             return  self .proxyMethod( '%s.%s'  %  ( self .__object_name,method_name), params)
         return  method
     # 'find' method is a wrapper of get. Difference between 'get' and 'find' is that 'find' can create object you want while it dosn't exist
     def  find( self , params, attr_name = None , to_create = False ):
         filtered_list  =  []
         result  =  self .proxyMethod( '%s.get'  %  self .__object_name, { 'output' : 'extend' , 'filter' : params})
         if  to_create  and  len (result)  = =  0 :
             result  =  self .proxyMethod( '%s.create'  %  self .__object_name, params)
             return  result.values()[ 0 ]
         if  attr_name  is  not  None :
             for  element  in  result:
                 filtered_list.append(element[attr_name])
             return  filtered_list
         else :
             return  result
     @ZabbixAPIObjectMethod
     @checkAuth
     def  proxyMethod( self , method_name, params):
         pass
def  testCase():
     zapi  =  ZabbixAPI(url = 'xxxx' , user = 'xxxx' , password = 'xxxx' )
     zapi.login()
     print  zapi.Graph.find({ 'graphid' : '221' }, attr_name = 'graphid' )[ 0 ]
     #hostid = zapi.Host.find({'ip':'xxxxxx'}, attr_name='hostid')[0]
     print  zapi.Host.find({ 'ip' : '10.200.100.25' })
     print  zapi.Host.exists({ 'filter' :{ 'host' : 'GD9-DNS-001' }})
     #host = zapi.createObject(Host, 'HostToCreate')
     #item = host.getItem('444107')
     #zapi.host.get({'hostids':['16913','17411'],'output':'extend'})
     #group = zapi.createObject(Hostgroup, '926')
     #print zapi.getHostByHostid('16913')
if  __name__  = =  '__main__' :
     testCase()

本文转自菜菜光 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/caiguangguang/1377955，如需转载请自行联系原作者