logback: 通用、可靠、快速灵活的日志框架--配置样例

一、简介：

      logback是一个可靠、通用、快速而又灵活的Java日志框架。 声称要取代log4j.Logback is intended as a successor to the popular log4j projec

      logback当前分成三个模块：logback-core，logback- classic和logback-access。

      logback-core是其它两个模块的基础模块。logback-classic是log4j的一个改良版本。

      logback-classic完整实现SLF4J API使你可以很方便地更换成其它日志系统如log4j或JDK14 Logging。           logback-access访问模块与Servlet容器集成提供通过Http来访问日志的功能。

      官网地址：http://logback.qos.ch/

二、如何在项目中引入

     1.需要在maven项目的pom.xml中增加如下依赖，内容如下：

<dependency>
			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
			<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.1</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 如果需要将日志输出到数据库,则需要引入如下两个信赖 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>5.1.25</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
			<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
			<version>0.9.2.1</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.10</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

2.如果需要将日志输出到数据库如MYSQL数据库，则需要在pom.xml中引入mysql-connector-java,c3p0(数据库连接池),并且需要在数据库中建立如下三张表，建表语句如下：

可以参考：http://logback.qos.ch/manual/appenders.html

# Logback: the reliable, generic, fast and flexible logging framework.
# Copyright (C) 1999-2010, QOS.ch. All rights reserved.
#
# See http://logback.qos.ch/license.html for the applicable licensing 
# conditions.
# This SQL script creates the required tables by ch.qos.logback.classic.db.DBAppender.
#
# It is intended for MySQL databases. It has been tested on MySQL 5.1.37 
# on Linux

BEGIN;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS logging_event_property;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS logging_event_exception;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS logging_event;
COMMIT;

BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE logging_event 
  (
    timestmp         BIGINT NOT NULL,
    formatted_message  TEXT NOT NULL,
    logger_name       VARCHAR(254) NOT NULL,
    level_string      VARCHAR(254) NOT NULL,
    thread_name       VARCHAR(254),
    reference_flag    SMALLINT,
    arg0              VARCHAR(254),
    arg1              VARCHAR(254),
    arg2              VARCHAR(254),
    arg3              VARCHAR(254),
    caller_filename   VARCHAR(254) NOT NULL,
    caller_class      VARCHAR(254) NOT NULL,
    caller_method     VARCHAR(254) NOT NULL,
    caller_line       CHAR(4) NOT NULL,
    event_id          BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY
  );
COMMIT;
BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE logging_event_property
  (
    event_id	      BIGINT NOT NULL,
    mapped_key        VARCHAR(254) NOT NULL,
    mapped_value      TEXT,
    PRIMARY KEY(event_id, mapped_key),
    FOREIGN KEY (event_id) REFERENCES logging_event(event_id)
  );
COMMIT;
BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE logging_event_exception
  (
    event_id         BIGINT NOT NULL,
    i                SMALLINT NOT NULL,
    trace_line       VARCHAR(254) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY(event_id, i),
    FOREIGN KEY (event_id) REFERENCES logging_event(event_id)
  );
COMMIT;

3.在classpath目录下创建logback.xml，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration debug="false">
	<!--定义日志文件的存储地址 勿在 LogBack 的配置中使用相对路径 -->
	<property name="LOG_HOME" value="/home/data/javawork/RocketMQTest/log" />

	<!-- 控制台输出 -->
	<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
		<encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
			<!--格式化输出：%d表示日期，%thread表示线程名，%-5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg：日志消息，%n是换行符 -->
			<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} -
				%msg%n</pattern>
		</encoder>
	</appender>

	<!-- 按照每天生成日志文件 -->
	<appender name="FILE"
		class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
			<!--日志文件输出的文件名 -->
			<FileNamePattern>${LOG_HOME}/TestWeb.log.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log
			</FileNamePattern>
			<!--日志文件保留天数 -->
			<MaxHistory>30</MaxHistory>
		</rollingPolicy>
		<encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
			<!--格式化输出：%d表示日期，%thread表示线程名，%-5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg：日志消息，%n是换行符 -->
			<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} -
				%msg%n</pattern>
		</encoder>
		<!--日志文件最大的大小 -->
		<triggeringPolicy
			class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy">
			<MaxFileSize>10MB</MaxFileSize>
		</triggeringPolicy>
	</appender>

	<appender name="DB" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.db.DBAppender">
		<!--日志异步到数据库 -->
		<connectionSource
			class="ch.qos.logback.core.db.DriverManagerConnectionSource">
			<!--连接池 -->
			<dataSource class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
				<driverClass>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</driverClass>
				<url>jdbc:mysql://172.168.29.250:3306/test</url>
				<user>root</user>
				<password>root</password>
			</dataSource>
		</connectionSource>
	</appender>

	<!-- show parameters for hibernate sql 专为 Hibernate 定制 -->
	<logger name="org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder"
		level="TRACE" />
	<logger name="org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor"
		level="DEBUG" />
	<logger name="org.hibernate.SQL" level="DEBUG" />
	<logger name="org.hibernate.engine.QueryParameters" level="DEBUG" />
	<logger name="org.hibernate.engine.query.HQLQueryPlan" level="DEBUG" />

	<!--myibatis log configure -->
	<logger name="com.apache.ibatis" level="TRACE" />
	<logger name="java.sql.Connection" level="DEBUG" />
	<logger name="java.sql.Statement" level="DEBUG" />
	<logger name="java.sql.PreparedStatement" level="DEBUG" />

	<!-- 日志输出级别 -->
	<root level="INFO">
		<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
		<appender-ref ref="FILE" />
		<appender-ref ref="DB" />
	</root>
</configuration>

4.在具体的JAVA类中，使用logback

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;


// 定义一个全局的记录器，通过LoggerFactory获取
private final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Producer.class);
log.info("日志内容");