left join 左连接即以左表为基准,显示坐标所有的行,右表与左表关联的数据会显示,不关联的则不显示。关键字为left join on。
**基本用法如下:
select table a left join table b on a.id = b.ta_id**
注意:1⃣️其中on后面关联的字段应该是同一字段(两表关联的外键)
2⃣️由于以左表为基准,左表一条记录如果对应右表多条记录,那查出的数据中右表的数据也只显示一条,如果要都显示,可以用group_contact()将字段用逗号隔开显示在一条记录上。所以右表不管有几张,如果和左表都是一对一关系,则没问题,存在一对多关系时,需要一定的处理。
三表关联 则如下:
select table a left join table b(left join table c on b.id = c.tb_id) on a.id = b_ta.id
再拓展一下,如果关联七八张表,就像下面这条sql,用法其实无非就像三表关联一样,一层套一层,只不过关系要理顺好。
SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(u.stuffName), GROUP_CONCAT(ee.id), ee.applyTime, p.orderState, GROUP_CONCAT( concat( s.departureAirportCode, '-', s.landingAirportCode ) ), p.pnr, sns.c, sns.b, sns.a, ee.pnr newp, GROUP_CONCAT( CONCAT( s.departureDate, ' ', s.departureTime ) ), GROUP_CONCAT(s.flightNum), GROUP_CONCAT(s.seatClass), c.rebookintSumFee, c.customerRebookintFee, c.amountReceivable, o.orderNum, comp.companycode, comp.companyName FROM endrose ee LEFT JOIN passenger p ON ee.passengerId = p.id LEFT JOIN segment s ON s.endroseId = ee.id LEFT JOIN costfee c ON c.endroseId = ee.id LEFT JOIN( SELECT ns.passengerId, GROUP_CONCAT(ns.flightNum)b, GROUP_CONCAT(ns.seatClass)a, GROUP_CONCAT( CONCAT( ns.departureDate, ' ', ns.landingDate ) )c FROM segment ns WHERE ns.orderState = 0 GROUP BY ns.passengerId )sns ON sns.passengerId = ee.passengerId LEFT JOIN( passenger passe LEFT JOIN airticketorder o ON passe.orderId = o.id )ON passe.id = ee.passengerId LEFT JOIN( passenger pass LEFT JOIN `user` u ON pass.stuffUUID = u.id )ON pass.id = ee.passengerId LEFT JOIN( passenger passen LEFT JOIN( airticketorder ao left join( `user` ua left join company comp on comp.id = ua.companyId )ON ao.bookerstuffId = ua.id ) ON passen.orderId = ao.id ) ON passen.id = ee.passengerId group by ee.applyTime
这条sql中尤其是最后一个left join,关联了好几张表,要好好理顺才行。
写的时候从外层往里写,一层一层left join,才不容易出错。
http://www.cnblogs.com/amyStart/p/5965472.html