原文:构建ASP.NET MVC4+EF5+EasyUI+Unity2.x注入的后台管理系统（6）-Unity 2.x依赖注入by运行时注入[附源码]
Unity 2.x依赖注入(控制反转)IOC，对于没有大项目经验的童鞋来说，这些都是陌生的名词，甚至有些同学还停留在拉控件的阶段。
您可以访问http://unity.codeplex.com/releases得到最新版本的Unity现在。当然，如果您在您的visual studio 中安装了Nuget 包管理器，你可以直接在Nuget中获取到最新版本的Unity。貌似最新是3了，第5讲我们糟糕的代码演示了接口如何用
这里http://unity.codeplex.com/documentation我们找到了帮助文档大家可以下载下来看看
我们采用的是构造函数注入，运行时注入。
这块的概念可以算算是本系统最模糊的，大家应该好好理解下，博客园一位大虾的
【ASP.Net MVC3 】使用Unity 实现依赖注入 大家进去看看
这里我不再详说了。
贴出代码，告诉大家怎么做就好了。
下载http://files.cnblogs.com/ymnets/Microsoft.Practices.Unity.rar
在App.Admin创建Library放进去，以后我们要用到的类库都放到这里来，除非说明，引用的类库都是开源的。
App.Core引用Microsoft.Practices.Unity.dll , System.Web.Mvc, System.Web,3个类库和4.BLL,App.IBLL,App.DAL,App.IDAL 4个类库
添加以下2个类
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using App.BLL; using App.DAL; using App.IBLL; using App.IDAL; using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; namespace App.Core { public class DependencyRegisterType { //系统注入 public static void Container_Sys(ref UnityContainer container) { container.RegisterType<ISysSampleBLL, SysSampleBLL>();//样例 container.RegisterType<ISysSampleRepository, SysSampleRepository>(); } } }
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Web; using System.Web.Mvc; using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; namespace App.Core { public class UnityDependencyResolver : IDependencyResolver { private const string HttpContextKey = "perRequestContainer"; private readonly IUnityContainer _container; public UnityDependencyResolver(IUnityContainer container) { _container = container; } public object GetService(Type serviceType) { if (typeof(IController).IsAssignableFrom(serviceType)) { return ChildContainer.Resolve(serviceType); } return IsRegistered(serviceType) ? ChildContainer.Resolve(serviceType) : null; } public IEnumerable<object> GetServices(Type serviceType) { if (IsRegistered(serviceType)) { yield return ChildContainer.Resolve(serviceType); } foreach (var service in ChildContainer.ResolveAll(serviceType)) { yield return service; } } protected IUnityContainer ChildContainer { get { var childContainer = HttpContext.Current.Items[HttpContextKey] as IUnityContainer; if (childContainer == null) { HttpContext.Current.Items[HttpContextKey] = childContainer = _container.CreateChildContainer(); } return childContainer; } } public static void DisposeOfChildContainer() { var childContainer = HttpContext.Current.Items[HttpContextKey] as IUnityContainer; if (childContainer != null) { childContainer.Dispose(); } } private bool IsRegistered(Type typeToCheck) { var isRegistered = true; if (typeToCheck.IsInterface || typeToCheck.IsAbstract) { isRegistered = ChildContainer.IsRegistered(typeToCheck); if (!isRegistered && typeToCheck.IsGenericType) { var openGenericType = typeToCheck.GetGenericTypeDefinition(); isRegistered = ChildContainer.IsRegistered(openGenericType); } } return isRegistered; } } }
在系统开始运行时候我们就把构造函数注入。所以我们要在Global文件写入代码
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Http; using System.Web.Mvc; using System.Web.Optimization; using System.Web.Routing; using App.Core; using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; namespace App.Admin { // 注意: 有关启用 IIS6 或 IIS7 经典模式的说明， // 请访问 http://go.microsoft.com/?LinkId=9394801 public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication { protected void Application_Start() { AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration); FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters); RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); //启用压缩 BundleTable.EnableOptimizations = true; BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles); AuthConfig.RegisterAuth(); //注入 Ioc var container = new UnityContainer(); DependencyRegisterType.Container_Sys(ref container); DependencyResolver.SetResolver(new UnityDependencyResolver(container)); } } }
好了，我们已经把
ISysSampleBLL, SysSampleBLL
ISysSampleRepository, SysSampleRepository
注入到系统了
由于EF生成的实体模型是拥有事务状态的，我们一直希望把开销减少到最低，我们要重新构造SysSample的类
在App.Models新建文件夹Sys，如非特别说明，Sys代表系统，一个Areas区域对应一个文件，区域我们以后会用到
App.Models要引用System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations类库
using System; using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; using System.Runtime.Serialization; namespace App.Models.Sys { public class SysSampleModel { [Display(Name = "ID")] public string Id { get; set; } [Display(Name = "名称")] public string Name { get; set; } [Display(Name = "年龄")] [Range(0,10000)] public int? Age { get; set; } [Display(Name = "生日")] public DateTime? Bir { get; set; } [Display(Name = "照片")] public string Photo { get; set; } [Display(Name = "简介")] public string Note { get; set; } [Display(Name = "创建时间")] public DateTime? CreateTime { get; set; } } }
为什么我们要这么做？不是已经有SysSample了，我们为什么还要SysSampleModel
- 我们应该照顾到将来的系统的分布式,BLL层的分发的web服务
- 我们不应该还在controller还在操作底层，应该转为
以后的讲解中，我们会体会到好处。这里带过即可
接下来我们重新写过IBLL,BLL,controller代码，DAL，IDAL的代码是没问题的，很专注底层
BLL引用Microsoft.Practices.Unity类库
修改后的代码
using System.Collections.Generic; using App.Models.Sys; namespace App.IBLL { public interface ISysSampleBLL { /// <summary> /// 获取列表 /// </summary> /// <param name="pager">JQgrid分页</param> /// <param name="queryStr">搜索条件</param> /// <returns>列表</returns> List<SysSampleModel> GetList(string queryStr); /// <summary> /// 创建一个实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param> /// <param name="model">模型</param> /// <returns>是否成功</returns> bool Create(SysSampleModel model); /// <summary> /// 删除一个实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param> /// <param name="id">id</param> /// <returns>是否成功</returns> bool Delete(string id); /// <summary> /// 修改一个实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param> /// <param name="model">模型</param> /// <returns>是否成功</returns> bool Edit(SysSampleModel model); /// <summary> /// 根据ID获得一个Model实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="id">id</param> /// <returns>Model实体</returns> SysSampleModel GetById(string id); /// <summary> /// 判断是否存在实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="id">主键ID</param> /// <returns>是否存在</returns> bool IsExist(string id); } }
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; using App.Models; using App.Common; using App.Models.Sys; using App.IBLL; using App.IDAL; namespace App.BLL { public class SysSampleBLL : ISysSampleBLL { DBContainer db = new DBContainer(); [Dependency] public ISysSampleRepository Rep { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 获取列表 /// </summary> /// <param name="pager">JQgrid分页</param> /// <param name="queryStr">搜索条件</param> /// <returns>列表</returns> public List<SysSampleModel> GetList(string queryStr) { IQueryable<SysSample> queryData = null; queryData = Rep.GetList(db); return CreateModelList(ref queryData); } private List<SysSampleModel> CreateModelList(ref IQueryable<SysSample> queryData) { List<SysSampleModel> modelList = (from r in queryData select new SysSampleModel { Id = r.Id, Name = r.Name, Age = r.Age, Bir = r.Bir, Photo = r.Photo, Note = r.Note, CreateTime = r.CreateTime, }).ToList(); return modelList; } /// <summary> /// 创建一个实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param> /// <param name="model">模型</param> /// <returns>是否成功</returns> public bool Create( SysSampleModel model) { try { SysSample entity = Rep.GetById(model.Id); if (entity != null) { return false; } entity = new SysSample(); entity.Id = model.Id; entity.Name = model.Name; entity.Age = model.Age; entity.Bir = model.Bir; entity.Photo = model.Photo; entity.Note = model.Note; entity.CreateTime = model.CreateTime; if (Rep.Create(entity) == 1) { return true; } else { return false; } } catch (Exception ex) { //ExceptionHander.WriteException(ex); return false; } } /// <summary> /// 删除一个实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param> /// <param name="id">id</param> /// <returns>是否成功</returns> public bool Delete(string id) { try { if (Rep.Delete(id) == 1) { return true; } else { return false; } } catch (Exception ex) { return false; } } /// <summary> /// 修改一个实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="errors">持久的错误信息</param> /// <param name="model">模型</param> /// <returns>是否成功</returns> public bool Edit(SysSampleModel model) { try { SysSample entity = Rep.GetById(model.Id); if (entity == null) { return false; } entity.Name = model.Name; entity.Age = model.Age; entity.Bir = model.Bir; entity.Photo = model.Photo; entity.Note = model.Note; if (Rep.Edit(entity) == 1) { return true; } else { return false; } } catch (Exception ex) { //ExceptionHander.WriteException(ex); return false; } } /// <summary> /// 判断是否存在实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="id">主键ID</param> /// <returns>是否存在</returns> public bool IsExists(string id) { if (db.SysSample.SingleOrDefault(a => a.Id == id) != null) { return true; } return false; } /// <summary> /// 根据ID获得一个实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="id">id</param> /// <returns>实体</returns> public SysSampleModel GetById(string id) { if (IsExist(id)) { SysSample entity = Rep.GetById(id); SysSampleModel model = new SysSampleModel(); model.Id = entity.Id; model.Name = entity.Name; model.Age = entity.Age; model.Bir = entity.Bir; model.Photo = entity.Photo; model.Note = entity.Note; model.CreateTime = entity.CreateTime; return model; } else { return new SysSampleModel(); } } /// <summary> /// 判断一个实体是否存在 /// </summary> /// <param name="id">id</param> /// <returns>是否存在 true or false</returns> public bool IsExist(string id) { return Rep.IsExist(id); } } }
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Mvc; using App.BLL; using App.IBLL; using App.Models; using App.Models.Sys; using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; namespace App.Admin.Controllers { public class SysSampleController : Controller { // // GET: /SysSample/ /// <summary> /// 业务层注入 /// </summary> [Dependency] public ISysSampleBLL m_BLL { get; set; } public ActionResult Index() { List<SysSampleModel> list = m_BLL.GetList(""); return View(list); } } }
@model List<App.Models.Sys.SysSampleModel> @{ Layout = null; } <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> <title>Index</title> </head> <body> <p> @Html.ActionLink("Create New", "Create") </p> <table> <tr> <th> 名称 </th> <th> 年龄 </th> <th> 生日 </th> <th> 照片 </th> <th> 备注 </th> <th> 创建时间 </th> <th></th> </tr> @foreach (var item in Model) { <tr> <td> @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Name) </td> <td> @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Age) </td> <td> @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Bir) </td> <td> @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Photo) </td> <td> @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Note) </td> <td> @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.CreateTime) </td> <td> @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id=item.Id }) | @Html.ActionLink("Details", "Details", new { id=item.Id }) | @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id=item.Id }) </td> </tr> } </table> </body> </html>
因为SysSample在BLL层已经被释放掉了，大家要注意一下所以视图我们要改下
大家把代码下载下来，跟我们第5讲糟糕的代码对比一下。我们的代码优化了，清晰了，构造器能自动释放内存了，无需要实例化了。
当然预览的效果是一样的
这样我们的系统实现了注入，我们需要好好理解这一讲，后面我们要演示AOP面向方面，对系统日志和异常的处理。
我们有4层异常捕获，你还怕你的系统在运行中出现不明的错误吗？？？？不过再次之前我们要将我们的系统变得更加有趣先。
下一讲，返回json格式与DataGrid结合，实现分页。
代码下载 代码不包含packages文件夹，你编译可能会出错，把你的MVC4项目下的packages复制一份到解决方案下即可
