原文:
购物车Demo,前端使用AngularJS,后端使用ASP.NET Web API(1)--后端
chsakell分享了前端使用AngularJS,后端使用ASP.NET Web API的购物车案例，非常精彩，这里这里记录下对此项目的理解。
文章：
http://chsakell.com/2015/01/31/angularjs-feat-web-api/
http://chsakell.com/2015/03/07/angularjs-feat-web-api-enable-session-state/
源码：
https://github.com/chsakell/webapiangularjssecurity
本系列共三篇，本篇是第一篇。
购物车Demo,前端使用AngularJS,后端使用ASP.NET Web API(1)--后端
购物车Demo,前端使用AngularJS,后端使用ASP.NET Web API(2)--前端，以及前后端Session
购物车Demo,前端使用AngularJS,后端使用ASP.NET Web API(3)--Idetity,OWIN前后端验证
■ 配置EF
首先搞清模型之间的关系：
public class Gadget
{
public int GadgetID{get;set;}
...
public int CategoryID{get;set;}
public Category Category{get;set;}
}
public class Category
{
public int CategoryID{get;set;}
...
public List<Gadget> Gadgets{get;set;}
}
public class Order
{
public int OrderID{get;set;}
...
public List<Gadget> Gadgets{get;set;}
}
public class GadgetOrder
{
public int GadgetOrderID{get;set;}
public int OrderID{get;set;}
public Order Order{get;set;}
public int GadgetID{get;set;}
public Gadget Gadget{get;set;}
}
以上，Category和Gadget是1对多的关系，GadgetOrder是Order和Gadget的中间表。
接着需要通过EF Fluent API来配置领域，需要实现EntityTypeConfiguration<TModel>这个基类。比如：
public class OrderConfiguration : EntityTypeConfiguration<Order>
{
public OrderConfiguration()
{
Ignore(o => o.Gadgets);
}
}
然后就配置上下文，继承DbContext这个基类。
public class StoreContext : DbContext
{
protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
...
modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new OrderConfiguration());
}
public DbSet<Order> Orders{get;set;}
...
}
我们还希望在生成数据库的时候生成一些种子数据，需要继承DropCreateDatabaseIfModelChanges<TContext>这个泛型类。
public class StoreInitializer : DropCreateDatabaseIfModelChanges<StoreContext>
{
protected override void Seed(StoreContext context)
{
try
{
GetCategoreis().ForEach(c => context.Categories.Add(c));
...
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
private static List<Category> GetCategories()
{
...
}
}
如何调用数据库种子数据的类StoreInitializer呢？有一种方法使在项目全局文件中配置。(还有一种方法使在DbContext的构造函数中配置，还有一种在数据库迁移文件中配置，etc.)
void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Database.SetInitializer(new StoreIntializer());
}
最后，关于EF的配置部分，需要在Web.config中配置，大致如下：
<connectionStrings>
<add name="ProductServiceContext" connectionString="Data Source=.;User=someusername;Password=somepassword;Initial Catalog=MyProductService;Integrated Security=True" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>
</connectionStrings>
■ CategoriesController
先俯瞰。
public class CategoriesController : ApiController
{
private StoreContext db = new SotoreContext();
...
private bool CategoryExists(int id)
{
return db.Categories.Count(g => g.CategoryID=id) > 0;
}
protected override void Dispose(boo disposing)
{
if(disposing)
{
db.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
}
再细节。
/GET api/Categories
public IQueryable<Category> GetCategories()
{
return db.Categories;
}
//GET api/Categories/5
[ResponseType(typeof(Category))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetCategory(int id)
{
Category category = await db.Categories.FindAsync(id);
if(category == null)
{
return NotFound();
}
return Ok(category);
}
//put api/Categories/5
[ResponseType(typeof(void))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> PutCategory(int id, Category category)
{
if(!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
if(id != category.CategoryID)
{
return BadRequest();
}
db.Entry(category).State = EntityState.Modified;
try
{
await db.SavheChangesAsync();
}
catch(DbUpdateConcurrencyException)
{
if(!CategoryExists(id))
{
return NotFound();
}
else
{
throw;
}
}
return StatusCode(HttpStatusCOde.NoContet);
}
//post api/Categories
[ResponseType(typeof(Category))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> PostCategory(Category category)
{
if(!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
db.Categories.Add(category);
await db.SaveChangesAsync();
//返回到指定的路由
return CreatedAtRoute("DefaultApi", new {id = category.CategoryID}, category);
}
//delete api/Categoreis/5
[ResponseType(typeof(Category))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> DeleteCategory(int id)
{
Category category = await db.Categories.FindAsync(id);
if(category == null)
{
return NotFound();
}
db.Categories.Remove(category);
await db.SaveChangesAsync();
return Ok(category);
}
■ GadgetsController
先俯瞰。
public class GadgetsController : ApiController
{
private StoreContext db = new StoreContext();
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if(disposing)
{
db.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
private bool GadgetExists(int id)
{
return db.Gadgets.Count(g => g.GadgetID == ID) > 0;
}
}
再细节。
//get api/Gadgets
public IQueryable<Gadget> GetGadgets()
{
return db.Gadgets;
}
//get api/Gadgets/5
[ResponseType(typeof(Gadgets))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetGadget(int id)
{
Gadget gadget = await db.Gadgets.FindAsync(id);
if(gadget == null)
{
return NotFound();
}
return Ok(gadget);
}
//put api/Gadgets/5
[ResponseType(typeof(void))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> PutGadget(int id, Gadget gadget)
{
if(!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
if(d != gadget.GadgetID)
{
return BadRequest();
}
db.Entry(gadget).State = EntityState.Modified;
try
{
await db.SaveChangesAsync();
}
catch(DbUpdateConcurrencyException)
{
if(!GadgetExists(id))
{
return NotFound();
}
else
{
throw;
}
}
}
//post api/Gadgets
[ResposneType(typeof(Gadget))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> PostGadget(Gadget gadget)
{
if(!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
db.Gadgets.Add(gadget);
await db.SaveChangesAsync();
return CreatedAtRoute("DefaultApi", new {id=gadget.GadgetID}, gadget)
}
//delete api/Gadgets/5
[ResponseType(typeof(Gadget))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> DeleteGadget(int id)
{
Gadget gadget = await db.Gadgets.FindAsync(id);
if(gadget == null)
{
return NotFound();
}
db.Gadgets.Remove(gadget);
await db.SaveChangesAsync();
return Ok(gadget);
}
■ OrdersController
firstly overview.
public class OrdersController : ApiController
{
private StoreContext db = new StoreContext();
protected override void Dispose(bool dispoing)
{
if(disposing)
{
db.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
private bool OrderExists(int id)
{
return db.Orders.Count(g => g.OrderID == id) > 0;
}
}
then details.
// get api/Orders
public IQueryable<Order> GetOrders()
{
return db.Orders;
}
//get api/Orders/5
[ResponseType(typeof(Order))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetOrder(int id)
{
Order order = await db.Orders.FindAsync(id);
if(order == null)
{
return NotFound();
}
return Ok(order);
}
//put api/Orders/5
[ResponseType(typeof(void))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> PutOrder(int id, Order order)
{
if(!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
if(id != order.OrderID)
{
return BadRequest();
}
db.Entry(order).State = EntityState.Modified;
try
{
await db.SaveChangesAsync();
}
catch(DbUpdateConcurrecyException)
{
if(!OrderExists(id))
{
return NotFound();
}
else
{
throw;
}
}
return StatusCode(HttpStatusCOde.NoContet);
}
//post api/Orders
[RequestType(typeof(Order))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> PostOrder(Order order)
{
if(!ModelState.IsValid)
{
reuturn BadRequest(ModelState);
}
try
{
db.Orders.Add(order);
foreach(Gadget gadget in order.Gadgets)
{
db.GadgetOrders.Add(new GadgetOrder{
OrderID = order.OrderID,
GadgetID = gadget.GadgetID
})
}
await db.SaveChangesAsync();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
return BadRequest(ex.Message);
}
return CreatedAtRoutne("Default", new {controller = "Home", action="viewOrder", id = order.orderID}, order);
}
//delete api/Orders/5
[ResponseType(typeof(Order))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> DeleteOrder(int id)
{
Order order = await db.Orders.FindAsync(id);
if(order == null)
{
return NotFound();
}
db.Orders.Remoe(order);
await db.SaveChangesAsync();
return Ok(order);
}
待续~~
