COBOL（Common Business-Oriented Language）是一种历史悠久的编程语言，广泛应用于商业、金融和行政系统。尽管现代化编程语言层出不穷，但COBOL在传统系统中依然具有不可替代的地位。本文将展示如何使用COBOL编写一个简单的公司电脑监控软件，并在最后讨论如何将监控到的数据自动提交到网站。
一、基础结构
首先，我们需要定义监控软件的基础结构。COBOL程序由四个主要部分组成：标识部、环境部、数据部和过程部。以下是一个基本的COBOL程序框架：
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. Monitor.
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
CONFIGURATION SECTION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
77 WS-TIME PIC X(8).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
START-SECTION.
DISPLAY "Monitoring started..." UPON CONSOLE.
PERFORM MONITORING-SECTION
STOP RUN.
MONITORING-SECTION.
ACCEPT WS-TIME FROM TIME.
DISPLAY "Current Time: " WS-TIME.
PERFORM UNTIL WS-TIME = "235959"
CALL 'CheckActivities' USING WS-TIME
ACCEPT WS-TIME FROM TIME
END-PERFORM.
二、定义数据结构
接下来，我们定义数据结构以存储监控信息。假设我们需要监控员工的登录时间和活动时间：
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD LOG-FILE
LABEL RECORDS ARE STANDARD
VALUE OF FILE-ID IS "logfile.dat".
01 LOG-RECORD.
05 EMPLOYEE-ID PIC X(10).
05 LOGIN-TIME PIC X(8).
05 ACTIVITY-TIME PIC X(8).
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
77 WS-EMPLOYEE-ID PIC X(10).
77 WS-LOGIN-TIME PIC X(8).
77 WS-ACTIVITY-TIME PIC X(8).
三、监控活动
然后，我们需要编写过程来监控和记录员工的活动。假设我们有一个外部子程序CheckActivities，它会返回当前活动的信息：
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
MONITORING-SECTION.
ACCEPT WS-TIME FROM TIME.
DISPLAY "Current Time: " WS-TIME.
PERFORM UNTIL WS-TIME = "235959"
CALL 'CheckActivities' USING WS-TIME, WS-EMPLOYEE-ID, WS-ACTIVITY-TIME
WRITE LOG-RECORD FROM WS-EMPLOYEE-ID, WS-LOGIN-TIME, WS-ACTIVITY-TIME
ACCEPT WS-TIME FROM TIME
END-PERFORM.
四、数据存储和传输
我们将监控到的数据存储在一个日志文件中。为了将这些数据提交到网站，我们需要编写一个子程序SubmitData来处理数据传输。假设我们使用HTTP POST请求提交数据，以下是实现该功能的示例：
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
SUBMIT-DATA SECTION.
OPEN INPUT LOG-FILE.
PERFORM UNTIL EOF
READ LOG-FILE INTO LOG-RECORD
AT END SET EOF TO TRUE
NOT AT END
CALL 'SubmitDataToWeb' USING LOG-RECORD
END-PERFORM.
CLOSE LOG-FILE.
STOP RUN.
在实际应用中，SubmitDataToWeb子程序会使用HTTP协议将数据提交到指定的网站：
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
SUBMIT-DATA-TO-WEB SECTION.
MOVE "https://www.vipshare.com" TO URL.
CALL 'HTTP-POST' USING URL, LOG-RECORD.
STOP RUN.
监控到的数据，如何自动提交到网站
我们已经在上述代码中展示了如何将监控到的数据写入日志文件。接下来，利用HTTP POST请求将数据提交到指定的网站。假设我们有一个外部HTTP库，可以简化该过程：
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. Monitor.
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
CONFIGURATION SECTION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD LOG-FILE
LABEL RECORDS ARE STANDARD
VALUE OF FILE-ID IS "logfile.dat".
01 LOG-RECORD.
05 EMPLOYEE-ID PIC X(10).
05 LOGIN-TIME PIC X(8).
05 ACTIVITY-TIME PIC X(8).
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
77 WS-EMPLOYEE-ID PIC X(10).
77 WS-LOGIN-TIME PIC X(8).
77 WS-ACTIVITY-TIME PIC X(8).
77 WS-EOF PIC X VALUE 'N'.
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
START-SECTION.
DISPLAY "Monitoring started..." UPON CONSOLE.
PERFORM MONITORING-SECTION
PERFORM SUBMIT-DATA
STOP RUN.
MONITORING-SECTION.
ACCEPT WS-TIME FROM TIME.
DISPLAY "Current Time: " WS-TIME.
PERFORM UNTIL WS-TIME = "235959"
CALL 'CheckActivities' USING WS-TIME, WS-EMPLOYEE-ID, WS-ACTIVITY-TIME
WRITE LOG-RECORD FROM WS-EMPLOYEE-ID, WS-LOGIN-TIME, WS-ACTIVITY-TIME
ACCEPT WS-TIME FROM TIME
END-PERFORM.
SUBMIT-DATA SECTION.
OPEN INPUT LOG-FILE.
PERFORM UNTIL WS-EOF = 'Y'
READ LOG-FILE INTO LOG-RECORD
AT END MOVE 'Y' TO WS-EOF
NOT AT END
CALL 'SubmitDataToWeb' USING LOG-RECORD
END-PERFORM.
CLOSE LOG-FILE.
SUBMIT-DATA-TO-WEB SECTION.
MOVE "https://www.vipshare.com" TO URL.
CALL 'HTTP-POST' USING URL, LOG-RECORD.
STOP RUN.
尽管COBOL是一种古老的编程语言，但它在许多传统商业环境中仍然非常有用。通过本文所展示的示例代码，我们可以看到如何使用COBOL编写一个基本的公司电脑监控软件，并将监控到的数据自动提交到指定的网站。这样的解决方案在维护企业内部系统和保证数据安全方面具有重要意义。
