几种 字符串拼接 写法的性能差异
将两个字符串 "hello"和"world",拼接为"hello,world"
package shuang import ( "bytes" "fmt" "strings" "testing" ) func BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { _ = hello + "," + world } } func BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { _ = fmt.Sprintf("%s,%s", hello, world) } } func BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { _ = strings.Join([]string{hello, world}, ",") } } func BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ { var buffer bytes.Buffer buffer.WriteString(hello) buffer.WriteString(",") buffer.WriteString(world) _ = buffer.String() } }
执行 go test -test.bench=".*" -benchmem
goos: darwin goarch: amd64 pkg: dashen BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator-8 52448029 21.4 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf-8 8755447 136 ns/op 48 B/op 3 allocs/op BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin-8 31878931 37.0 ns/op 16 B/op 1 allocs/op BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer-8 1000000000 0.000104 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op PASS ok dashen 4.420s
第4行显示了BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator-8 执行了52448029次，每次的执行平均时间是 21.4纳秒, 无内存分配
第5行显示了BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf-8 执行了8755447次，每次的平均执行时间是 136纳秒, 每次操作有3次内存分配,每次分配了48Byte大小的内存空间
第6行显示了BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin-8 执行了31878931次，每次的平均执行时间是 37.0纳秒, 每次操作有1次内存分配,每次分配了16Byte大小的内存空间
第7行显示了BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer-8 执行了1000000000次，每次的平均执行时间是 0.000104纳秒, 无内存分配
最后一行显示总共的执行时间为 4.420s
可见, fmt.Sprintf()和strings.Join()均有内存分配,buffer.WriteString()性能最好
通过 `go tool compile -S gotest.go:` 看四种方法的汇编代码:
go
复制代码
"".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator STEXT size=164 args=0x8 locals=0x78 0x000000000 (join_test.go:10) TEXT "".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator(SB), ABIInternal, $120-8 0x000000000 (join_test.go:10) MOVQ (TLS), CX 0x000900009 (join_test.go:10) CMPQ SP, 16(CX) 0x000d00013 (join_test.go:10) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x000d00013 (join_test.go:10) JLS 154 0x001300019 (join_test.go:10) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x001300019 (join_test.go:10) SUBQ $120, SP 0x001700023 (join_test.go:10) MOVQ BP, 112(SP) 0x001c00028 (join_test.go:10) LEAQ 112(SP), BP 0x002100033 (join_test.go:10) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x002100033 (join_test.go:10) PCDATA $1, $-2 0x002100033 (join_test.go:10) FUNCDATA $0, gclocals·a36216b97439c93dafebe03e7f0808b5(SB) 0x002100033 (join_test.go:10) FUNCDATA $1, gclocals·33cdeccccebe80329f1fdbee7f5874cb(SB) 0x002100033 (join_test.go:10) FUNCDATA $2, gclocals·96839595c383af6ae8227769d90a999e(SB) 0x002100033 (join_test.go:10) PCDATA $0, $0 0x002100033 (join_test.go:10) PCDATA $1, $0 0x002100033 (join_test.go:10) XORL AX, AX 0x002300035 (join_test.go:13) JMP 127 0x002500037 (join_test.go:13) MOVQ AX, "".i+72(SP) 0x002a00042 (join_test.go:14) PCDATA $0, $1 0x002a00042 (join_test.go:14) LEAQ ""..autotmp_4+80(SP), AX 0x002f00047 (join_test.go:14) PCDATA $0, $0 0x002f00047 (join_test.go:14) MOVQ AX, (SP) 0x003300051 (join_test.go:14) PCDATA $0, $1 0x003300051 (join_test.go:14) LEAQ go.string."hello"(SB), AX 0x003a00058 (join_test.go:14) PCDATA $0, $0 0x003a00058 (join_test.go:14) MOVQ AX, 8(SP) 0x003f00063 (join_test.go:14) MOVQ $5, 16(SP) 0x004800072 (join_test.go:14) PCDATA $0, $2 0x004800072 (join_test.go:14) LEAQ go.string.","(SB), CX 0x004f00079 (join_test.go:14) PCDATA $0, $0 0x004f00079 (join_test.go:14) MOVQ CX, 24(SP) 0x005400084 (join_test.go:14) MOVQ $1, 32(SP) 0x005d00093 (join_test.go:14) PCDATA $0, $3 0x005d00093 (join_test.go:14) LEAQ go.string."world"(SB), DX 0x006400100 (join_test.go:14) PCDATA $0, $0 0x006400100 (join_test.go:14) MOVQ DX, 40(SP) 0x006900105 (join_test.go:14) MOVQ $5, 48(SP) 0x007200114 (join_test.go:14) CALL runtime.concatstring3(SB) 0x007700119 (join_test.go:13) MOVQ "".i+72(SP), AX 0x007c00124 (join_test.go:13) INCQ AX 0x007f00127 (join_test.go:13) PCDATA $0, $2 0x007f00127 (join_test.go:13) MOVQ "".b+128(SP), CX 0x008700135 (join_test.go:13) PCDATA $0, $0 0x008700135 (join_test.go:13) CMPQ 272(CX), AX 0x008e00142 (join_test.go:13) JGT 37 0x009000144 (join_test.go:13) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x009000144 (join_test.go:13) PCDATA $1, $-1 0x009000144 (join_test.go:13) MOVQ 112(SP), BP 0x009500149 (join_test.go:13) ADDQ $120, SP 0x009900153 (join_test.go:13) RET 0x009a00154 (join_test.go:13) NOP 0x009a00154 (join_test.go:10) PCDATA $1, $-1 0x009a00154 (join_test.go:10) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x009a00154 (join_test.go:10) CALL runtime.morestack_noctxt(SB) 0x009f00159 (join_test.go:10) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x009f00159 (join_test.go:10) JMP 0 0x000065488b 0c 2500000000483b 61100f 8687 eH..%....H;a.... 0x00100000004883 ec 7848896c 2470488d 6c 24 ...H..xH.l$pH.l$ 0x00207031 c0 eb 5a 4889442448488d 44245048 p1..ZH.D$HH.D$PH 0x0030890424488d 0500000000488944240848 ..$H......H.D$.H 0x0040 c7 44241005000000488d 0d 0000000048 .D$.....H......H 0x0050894c 241848 c7 44242001000000488d 15 .L$.H.D$ ....H.. 0x006000000000488954242848 c7 4424300500 ....H.T$(H.D$0.. 0x00700000 e8 00000000488b 44244848 ff c0 48 .......H.D$HH..H 0x00808b 8c 2480000000483981100100007f 95 ..$....H9....... 0x0090488b 6c 24704883 c4 78 c3 e8 00000000 e9 H.l$pH..x....... 0x00a05c ff ff ff \... rel 5+4 t=17 TLS+0 rel 54+4 t=16go.string."hello"+0 rel 75+4 t=16go.string.","+0 rel 96+4 t=16go.string."world"+0 rel 115+4 t=8 runtime.concatstring3+0 rel 155+4 t=8 runtime.morestack_noctxt+0"".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf STEXT size=254 args=0x8 locals=0x70 0x000000000 (join_test.go:18) TEXT "".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf(SB), ABIInternal, $112-8 0x000000000 (join_test.go:18) MOVQ (TLS), CX 0x000900009 (join_test.go:18) CMPQ SP, 16(CX) 0x000d00013 (join_test.go:18) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x000d00013 (join_test.go:18) JLS 244 0x001300019 (join_test.go:18) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x001300019 (join_test.go:18) SUBQ $112, SP 0x001700023 (join_test.go:18) MOVQ BP, 104(SP) 0x001c00028 (join_test.go:18) LEAQ 104(SP), BP 0x002100033 (join_test.go:18) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x002100033 (join_test.go:18) PCDATA $1, $-2 0x002100033 (join_test.go:18) FUNCDATA $0, gclocals·69a9291448fa273f79569cb593f615b2(SB) 0x002100033 (join_test.go:18) FUNCDATA $1, gclocals·306ea4dc593c4841cf74b8270a1a332d(SB) 0x002100033 (join_test.go:18) FUNCDATA $2, gclocals·a5a3f3e663b1ae9c2739369df7a1eae5(SB) 0x002100033 (join_test.go:18) FUNCDATA $3, "".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf.stkobj(SB) 0x002100033 (join_test.go:18) PCDATA $0, $0 0x002100033 (join_test.go:18) PCDATA $1, $0 0x002100033 (join_test.go:18) XORL AX, AX 0x002300035 (join_test.go:21) JMP 216 0x002800040 (join_test.go:21) MOVQ AX, "".i+56(SP) 0x002d00045 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $1 0x002d00045 (join_test.go:22) LEAQ go.string."hello"(SB), AX 0x003400052 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $0 0x003400052 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ AX, (SP) 0x003800056 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ $5, 8(SP) 0x004100065 (join_test.go:22) CALL runtime.convTstring(SB) 0x004600070 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $1 0x004600070 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ 16(SP), AX 0x004b00075 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $0 0x004b00075 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $1, $1 0x004b00075 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ AX, ""..autotmp_13+64(SP) 0x005000080 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $2 0x005000080 (join_test.go:22) LEAQ go.string."world"(SB), CX 0x005700087 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $0 0x005700087 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ CX, (SP) 0x005b00091 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ $5, 8(SP) 0x006400100 (join_test.go:22) CALL runtime.convTstring(SB) 0x006900105 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $1 0x006900105 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ 16(SP), AX 0x006e00110 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $1, $2 0x006e00110 (join_test.go:22) XORPS X0, X0 0x007100113 (join_test.go:22) MOVUPS X0, ""..autotmp_4+72(SP) 0x007600118 (join_test.go:22) MOVUPS X0, ""..autotmp_4+88(SP) 0x007b00123 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $3 0x007b00123 (join_test.go:22) LEAQ type.string(SB), CX 0x008200130 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ CX, ""..autotmp_4+72(SP) 0x008700135 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $4 0x008700135 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $1, $3 0x008700135 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ ""..autotmp_13+64(SP), DX 0x008c00140 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $3 0x008c00140 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ DX, ""..autotmp_4+80(SP) 0x009100145 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $1 0x009100145 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ CX, ""..autotmp_4+88(SP) 0x009600150 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $0 0x009600150 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ AX, ""..autotmp_4+96(SP) 0x009b00155 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $1 0x009b00155 (join_test.go:22) LEAQ go.string."%s,%s"(SB), AX 0x00a200162 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $0 0x00a200162 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ AX, (SP) 0x00a600166 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ $5, 8(SP) 0x00af00175 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $5 0x00af00175 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $1, $0 0x00af00175 (join_test.go:22) LEAQ ""..autotmp_4+72(SP), DX 0x00b400180 (join_test.go:22) PCDATA $0, $0 0x00b400180 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ DX, 16(SP) 0x00b900185 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ $2, 24(SP) 0x00c200194 (join_test.go:22) MOVQ $2, 32(SP) 0x00cb00203 (join_test.go:22) CALL fmt.Sprintf(SB) 0x00d000208 (join_test.go:21) MOVQ "".i+56(SP), AX 0x00d500213 (join_test.go:21) INCQ AX 0x00d800216 (join_test.go:21) PCDATA $0, $2 0x00d800216 (join_test.go:21) MOVQ "".b+120(SP), CX 0x00dd00221 (join_test.go:21) PCDATA $0, $0 0x00dd00221 (join_test.go:21) CMPQ 272(CX), AX 0x00e400228 (join_test.go:21) JGT 40 0x00ea00234 (join_test.go:21) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x00ea00234 (join_test.go:21) PCDATA $1, $-1 0x00ea00234 (join_test.go:21) MOVQ 104(SP), BP 0x00ef00239 (join_test.go:21) ADDQ $112, SP 0x00f300243 (join_test.go:21) RET 0x00f400244 (join_test.go:21) NOP 0x00f400244 (join_test.go:18) PCDATA $1, $-1 0x00f400244 (join_test.go:18) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x00f400244 (join_test.go:18) CALL runtime.morestack_noctxt(SB) 0x00f900249 (join_test.go:18) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x00f900249 (join_test.go:18) JMP 0 0x000065488b 0c 2500000000483b 61100f 86 e1 eH..%....H;a.... 0x00100000004883 ec 7048896c 2468488d 6c 24 ...H..pH.l$hH.l$ 0x00206831 c0 e9 b0 0000004889442438488d 05 h1......H.D$8H.. 0x0030000000004889042448 c7 442408050000 ....H..$H.D$.... 0x004000 e8 00000000488b 4424104889442440 ......H.D$.H.D$@ 0x0050488d 0d 0000000048890c 2448 c7 442408 H......H..$H.D$. 0x006005000000 e8 00000000488b 4424100f 57 .........H.D$..W 0x0070 c0 0f 114424480f 11442458488d 0d 0000 ...D$H..D$XH.... 0x0080000048894c 2448488b 54244048895424 ..H.L$HH.T$@H.T$ 0x00905048894c 24584889442460488d 050000 PH.L$XH.D$`H.... 0x00a0 00 00 48 89 04 24 48 c7 44 24 08 05 00 00 00 48 ..H..$H.D$.....H 0x00b0 8d 54 24 48 48 89 54 24 10 48 c7 44 24 18 02 00 .T$HH.T$.H.D$... 0x00c0 00 00 48 c7 44 24 20 02 00 00 00 e8 00 00 00 00 ..H.D$ ......... 0x00d0 48 8b 44 24 38 48 ff c0 48 8b 4c 24 78 48 39 81 H.D$8H..H.L$xH9. 0x00e0 10 01 00 00 0f 8f 3e ff ff ff 48 8b 6c 24 68 48 ......>...H.l$hH 0x00f0 83 c4 70 c3 e8 00 00 00 00 e9 02 ff ff ff ..p........... rel 5+4 t=17 TLS+0 rel 48+4 t=16 go.string."hello"+0 rel 66+4 t=8 runtime.convTstring+0 rel 83+4 t=16 go.string."world"+0 rel 101+4 t=8 runtime.convTstring+0 rel 126+4 t=16 type.string+0 rel 158+4 t=16 go.string."%s,%s"+0 rel 204+4 t=8 fmt.Sprintf+0 rel 245+4 t=8 runtime.morestack_noctxt+0type..eq.[2]interface {} STEXT dupok size=179 args=0x18 locals=0x30 0x0000 00000 (<autogenerated>:1) TEXT type..eq.[2]interface {}(SB), DUPOK|ABIInternal, $48-24 0x0000 00000 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ (TLS), CX 0x0009 00009 (<autogenerated>:1) CMPQ SP, 16(CX) 0x000d 00013 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x000d 00013 (<autogenerated>:1) JLS 169 0x0013 00019 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x0013 00019 (<autogenerated>:1) SUBQ $48, SP 0x0017 00023 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ BP, 40(SP) 0x001c 00028 (<autogenerated>:1) LEAQ 40(SP), BP 0x0021 00033 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x0021 00033 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $1, $-2 0x0021 00033 (<autogenerated>:1) FUNCDATA $0, gclocals·dc9b0298814590ca3ffc3a889546fc8b(SB) 0x0021 00033 (<autogenerated>:1) FUNCDATA $1, gclocals·69c1753bd5f81501d95132d08af04464(SB) 0x0021 00033 (<autogenerated>:1) FUNCDATA $2, gclocals·313a5bdbfadc4f007c002a3a3588596d(SB) 0x0021 00033 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $1 0x0021 00033 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $1, $0 0x0021 00033 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ "".p+56(SP), AX 0x0026 00038 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $2 0x0026 00038 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ "".q+64(SP), CX 0x002b 00043 (<autogenerated>:1) XORL DX, DX 0x002d 00045 (<autogenerated>:1) JMP 72 0x002f 00047 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $0 0x002f 00047 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ ""..autotmp_8+32(SP), BX 0x0034 00052 (<autogenerated>:1) LEAQ 1(BX), DX 0x0038 00056 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $3 0x0038 00056 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ "".p+56(SP), BX 0x003d 00061 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $4 0x003d 00061 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ "".q+64(SP), SI 0x0042 00066 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $5 0x0042 00066 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ BX, AX 0x0045 00069 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $2 0x0045 00069 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ SI, CX 0x0048 00072 (<autogenerated>:1) CMPQ DX, $2 0x004c 00076 (<autogenerated>:1) JGE 154 0x004e 00078 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ DX, BX 0x0051 00081 (<autogenerated>:1) SHLQ $4, DX 0x0055 00085 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $6 0x0055 00085 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ 8(DX)(AX*1), SI 0x005a 00090 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $7 0x005a 00090 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ (DX)(AX*1), DI 0x005e 00094 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ (DX)(CX*1), R8 0x0062 00098 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $8 0x0062 00098 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ 8(DX)(CX*1), DX 0x0067 00103 (<autogenerated>:1) CMPQ DI, R8 0x006a 00106 (<autogenerated>:1) JNE 139 0x006c 00108 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ BX, ""..autotmp_8+32(SP) 0x0071 00113 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ DI, (SP) 0x0075 00117 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $9 0x0075 00117 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ SI, 8(SP) 0x007a 00122 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $0 0x007a 00122 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ DX, 16(SP) 0x007f 00127 (<autogenerated>:1) CALL runtime.efaceeq(SB) 0x0084 00132 (<autogenerated>:1) CMPB 24(SP), $0 0x0089 00137 (<autogenerated>:1) JNE 47 0x008b 00139 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $1, $1 0x008b 00139 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVB $0, "".~r2+72(SP) 0x0090 00144 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ 40(SP), BP 0x0095 00149 (<autogenerated>:1) ADDQ $48, SP 0x0099 00153 (<autogenerated>:1) RET 0x009a 00154 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVB $1, "".~r2+72(SP) 0x009f 00159 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ 40(SP), BP 0x00a4 00164 (<autogenerated>:1) ADDQ $48, SP 0x00a8 00168 (<autogenerated>:1) RET 0x00a9 00169 (<autogenerated>:1) NOP 0x00a9 00169 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $1, $-1 0x00a9 00169 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x00a9 00169 (<autogenerated>:1) CALL runtime.morestack_noctxt(SB) 0x00ae 00174 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x00ae 00174 (<autogenerated>:1) JMP 0 0x0000 65 48 8b 0c 25 00 00 00 00 48 3b 61 10 0f 86 96 eH..%....H;a.... 0x0010 00 00 00 48 83 ec 30 48 89 6c 24 28 48 8d 6c 24 ...H..0H.l$(H.l$ 0x0020 28 48 8b 44 24 38 48 8b 4c 24 40 31 d2 eb 19 48 (H.D$8H.L$@1...H 0x0030 8b 5c 24 20 48 8d 53 01 48 8b 5c 24 38 48 8b 74 .\$ H.S.H.\$8H.t 0x0040 24 40 48 89 d8 48 89 f1 48 83 fa 02 7d 4c 48 89 $@H..H..H...}LH. 0x0050 d3 48 c1 e2 04 48 8b 74 02 08 48 8b 3c 02 4c 8b .H...H.t..H.<.L. 0x0060 04 0a 48 8b 54 0a 08 4c 39 c7 75 1f 48 89 5c 24 ..H.T..L9.u.H.\$ 0x0070 20 48 89 3c 24 48 89 74 24 08 48 89 54 24 10 e8 H.<$H.t$.H.T$.. 0x0080 00 00 00 00 80 7c 24 18 00 75 a4 c6 44 24 48 00 .....|$..u..D$H. 0x0090 48 8b 6c 24 28 48 83 c4 30 c3 c6 44 24 48 01 48 H.l$(H..0..D$H.H 0x00a0 8b 6c 24 28 48 83 c4 30 c3 e8 00 00 00 00 e9 4d .l$(H..0.......M 0x00b0 ff ff ff ... rel 5+4 t=17 TLS+0 rel 128+4 t=8 runtime.efaceeq+0 rel 170+4 t=8 runtime.morestack_noctxt+0"".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin STEXT size=196 args=0x8 locals=0x68 0x0000 00000 (join_test.go:26) TEXT "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin(SB), ABIInternal, $104-8 0x0000 00000 (join_test.go:26) MOVQ (TLS), CX 0x0009 00009 (join_test.go:26) CMPQ SP, 16(CX) 0x000d 00013 (join_test.go:26) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x000d 00013 (join_test.go:26) JLS 186 0x0013 00019 (join_test.go:26) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x0013 00019 (join_test.go:26) SUBQ $104, SP 0x0017 00023 (join_test.go:26) MOVQ BP, 96(SP) 0x001c 00028 (join_test.go:26) LEAQ 96(SP), BP 0x0021 00033 (join_test.go:26) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x0021 00033 (join_test.go:26) PCDATA $1, $-2 0x0021 00033 (join_test.go:26) FUNCDATA $0, gclocals·09b80ec389a9e6ac09cfa1cd3c45263d(SB) 0x0021 00033 (join_test.go:26) FUNCDATA $1, gclocals·fb107d7ecaf558140670273b9a8c1e62(SB) 0x0021 00033 (join_test.go:26) FUNCDATA $2, gclocals·96839595c383af6ae8227769d90a999e(SB) 0x0021 00033 (join_test.go:26) FUNCDATA $3, "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin.stkobj(SB) 0x0021 00033 (join_test.go:26) PCDATA $0, $0 0x0021 00033 (join_test.go:26) PCDATA $1, $0 0x0021 00033 (join_test.go:26) XORL AX, AX 0x0023 00035 (join_test.go:29) JMP 158 0x0025 00037 (join_test.go:29) MOVQ AX, "".i+56(SP) 0x002a 00042 (join_test.go:30) PCDATA $1, $1 0x002a 00042 (join_test.go:30) XORPS X0, X0 0x002d 00045 (join_test.go:30) MOVUPS X0, ""..autotmp_4+64(SP) 0x0032 00050 (join_test.go:30) MOVUPS X0, ""..autotmp_4+80(SP) 0x0037 00055 (join_test.go:30) PCDATA $0, $1 0x0037 00055 (join_test.go:30) LEAQ go.string."hello"(SB), AX 0x003e 00062 (join_test.go:30) PCDATA $0, $0 0x003e 00062 (join_test.go:30) MOVQ AX, ""..autotmp_4+64(SP) 0x0043 00067 (join_test.go:30) MOVQ $5, ""..autotmp_4+72(SP) 0x004c 00076 (join_test.go:30) PCDATA $0, $2 0x004c 00076 (join_test.go:30) LEAQ go.string."world"(SB), CX 0x0053 00083 (join_test.go:30) PCDATA $0, $0 0x0053 00083 (join_test.go:30) MOVQ CX, ""..autotmp_4+80(SP) 0x0058 00088 (join_test.go:30) MOVQ $5, ""..autotmp_4+88(SP) 0x0061 00097 (join_test.go:30) PCDATA $0, $3 0x0061 00097 (join_test.go:30) PCDATA $1, $0 0x0061 00097 (join_test.go:30) LEAQ ""..autotmp_4+64(SP), DX 0x0066 00102 (join_test.go:30) PCDATA $0, $0 0x0066 00102 (join_test.go:30) MOVQ DX, (SP) 0x006a 00106 (join_test.go:30) MOVQ $2, 8(SP) 0x0073 00115 (join_test.go:30) MOVQ $2, 16(SP) 0x007c 00124 (join_test.go:30) PCDATA $0, $3 0x007c 00124 (join_test.go:30) LEAQ go.string.","(SB), DX 0x0083 00131 (join_test.go:30) PCDATA $0, $0 0x0083 00131 (join_test.go:30) MOVQ DX, 24(SP) 0x0088 00136 (join_test.go:30) MOVQ $1, 32(SP) 0x0091 00145 (join_test.go:30) CALL strings.Join(SB) 0x0096 00150 (join_test.go:29) MOVQ "".i+56(SP), AX 0x009b 00155 (join_test.go:29) INCQ AX 0x009e 00158 (join_test.go:29) PCDATA $0, $2 0x009e 00158 (join_test.go:29) MOVQ "".b+112(SP), CX 0x00a3 00163 (join_test.go:29) PCDATA $0, $0 0x00a3 00163 (join_test.go:29) CMPQ 272(CX), AX 0x00aa 00170 (join_test.go:29) JGT 37 0x00b0 00176 (join_test.go:29) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x00b0 00176 (join_test.go:29) PCDATA $1, $-1 0x00b0 00176 (join_test.go:29) MOVQ 96(SP), BP 0x00b5 00181 (join_test.go:29) ADDQ $104, SP 0x00b9 00185 (join_test.go:29) RET 0x00ba 00186 (join_test.go:29) NOP 0x00ba 00186 (join_test.go:26) PCDATA $1, $-1 0x00ba 00186 (join_test.go:26) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x00ba 00186 (join_test.go:26) CALL runtime.morestack_noctxt(SB) 0x00bf 00191 (join_test.go:26) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x00bf 00191 (join_test.go:26) JMP 0 0x0000 65 48 8b 0c 25 00 00 00 00 48 3b 61 10 0f 86 a7 eH..%....H;a.... 0x0010 00 00 00 48 83 ec 68 48 89 6c 24 60 48 8d 6c 24 ...H..hH.l$`H.l$ 0x00206031 c0 eb 7948894424380f 57 c0 0f 1144 `1..yH.D$8.W...D 0x0030 24 40 0f 11 44 24 50 48 8d 05 00 00 00 00 48 89 $@..D$PH......H. 0x0040 44 24 40 48 c7 44 24 48 05 00 00 00 48 8d 0d 00 D$@H.D$H....H... 0x0050 00 00 00 48 89 4c 24 50 48 c7 44 24 58 05 00 00 ...H.L$PH.D$X... 0x0060 00 48 8d 54 24 40 48 89 14 24 48 c7 44 24 08 02 .H.T$@H..$H.D$.. 0x0070 00 00 00 48 c7 44 24 10 02 00 00 00 48 8d 15 00 ...H.D$.....H... 0x0080 00 00 00 48 89 54 24 18 48 c7 44 24 20 01 00 00 ...H.T$.H.D$ ... 0x0090 00 e8 00 00 00 00 48 8b 44 24 38 48 ff c0 48 8b ......H.D$8H..H. 0x00a0 4c 24 70 48 39 81 10 01 00 00 0f 8f 75 ff ff ff L$pH9.......u... 0x00b0 48 8b 6c 24 60 48 83 c4 68 c3 e8 00 00 00 00 e9 H.l$`H..h....... 0x00c03c ff ff ff <... rel 5+4 t=17 TLS+0 rel 58+4 t=16go.string."hello"+0 rel 79+4 t=16go.string."world"+0 rel 127+4 t=16go.string.","+0 rel 146+4 t=8 strings.Join+0 rel 187+4 t=8 runtime.morestack_noctxt+0type..eq.[2]string STEXT dupok size=178 args=0x18 locals=0x30 0x000000000 (<autogenerated>:1) TEXT type..eq.[2]string(SB), DUPOK|ABIInternal, $48-24 0x000000000 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ (TLS), CX 0x000900009 (<autogenerated>:1) CMPQ SP, 16(CX) 0x000d00013 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x000d00013 (<autogenerated>:1) JLS 168 0x001300019 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x001300019 (<autogenerated>:1) SUBQ $48, SP 0x001700023 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ BP, 40(SP) 0x001c00028 (<autogenerated>:1) LEAQ 40(SP), BP 0x002100033 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x002100033 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $1, $-2 0x002100033 (<autogenerated>:1) FUNCDATA $0, gclocals·dc9b0298814590ca3ffc3a889546fc8b(SB) 0x002100033 (<autogenerated>:1) FUNCDATA $1, gclocals·69c1753bd5f81501d95132d08af04464(SB) 0x002100033 (<autogenerated>:1) FUNCDATA $2, gclocals·8a866e72a2964e4d3575e01f98e6fe5f(SB) 0x002100033 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $1 0x002100033 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $1, $0 0x002100033 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ "".p+56(SP), AX 0x002600038 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $2 0x002600038 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ "".q+64(SP), CX 0x002b00043 (<autogenerated>:1) XORL DX, DX 0x002d00045 (<autogenerated>:1) JMP 72 0x002f00047 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $0 0x002f00047 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ ""..autotmp_8+32(SP), BX 0x003400052 (<autogenerated>:1) LEAQ 1(BX), DX 0x003800056 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $3 0x003800056 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ "".p+56(SP), BX 0x003d00061 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $4 0x003d00061 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ "".q+64(SP), SI 0x004200066 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $5 0x004200066 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ BX, AX 0x004500069 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $2 0x004500069 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ SI, CX 0x004800072 (<autogenerated>:1) CMPQ DX, $2 0x004c00076 (<autogenerated>:1) JGE 153 0x004e00078 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ DX, BX 0x005100081 (<autogenerated>:1) SHLQ $4, DX 0x005500085 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ 8(AX)(DX*1), SI 0x005a00090 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $6 0x005a00090 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ (DX)(CX*1), DI 0x005e00094 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $7 0x005e00094 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ (DX)(AX*1), R8 0x006200098 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $8 0x006200098 (<autogenerated>:1) ADDQ CX, DX 0x006500101 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $9 0x006500101 (<autogenerated>:1) CMPQ 8(DX), SI 0x006900105 (<autogenerated>:1) JNE 138 0x006b00107 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ BX, ""..autotmp_8+32(SP) 0x007000112 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $10 0x007000112 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ R8, (SP) 0x007400116 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $0 0x007400116 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ DI, 8(SP) 0x007900121 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ SI, 16(SP) 0x007e00126 (<autogenerated>:1) CALL runtime.memequal(SB) 0x008300131 (<autogenerated>:1) CMPB 24(SP), $0 0x008800136 (<autogenerated>:1) JNE 47 0x008a00138 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $1, $1 0x008a00138 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVB $0, "".~r2+72(SP) 0x008f00143 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ 40(SP), BP 0x009400148 (<autogenerated>:1) ADDQ $48, SP 0x009800152 (<autogenerated>:1) RET 0x009900153 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVB $1, "".~r2+72(SP) 0x009e00158 (<autogenerated>:1) MOVQ 40(SP), BP 0x00a300163 (<autogenerated>:1) ADDQ $48, SP 0x00a700167 (<autogenerated>:1) RET 0x00a800168 (<autogenerated>:1) NOP 0x00a800168 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $1, $-1 0x00a800168 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x00a800168 (<autogenerated>:1) CALL runtime.morestack_noctxt(SB) 0x00ad00173 (<autogenerated>:1) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x00ad00173 (<autogenerated>:1) JMP 0 0x000065488b 0c 2500000000483b 61100f 8695 eH..%....H;a.... 0x00100000004883 ec 3048896c 2428488d 6c 24 ...H..0H.l$(H.l$ 0x002028488b 442438488b 4c 244031 d2 eb 1948 (H.D$8H.L$@1...H 0x00308b 5c 2420488d 5301488b 5c 2438488b 74 .\$ H.S.H.\$8H.t 0x004024404889 d8 4889 f1 4883 fa 027d 4b 4889 $@H..H..H...}KH. 0x0050 d3 48 c1 e2 04488b 741008488b 3c 0a 4c 8b .H...H.t..H.<.L. 0x006004024801 ca 48397208751f 48895c 2420 ..H..H9r.u.H.\$ 0x00704c 89042448897c 24084889742410 e8 00 L..$H.|$.H.t$... 0x0080000000807c 24180075 a5 c6 4424480048 ....|$..u..D$H.H 0x00908b 6c 24284883 c4 30 c3 c6 44244801488b .l$(H..0..D$H.H. 0x00a06c 24284883 c4 30 c3 e8 00000000 e9 4e ff l$(H..0.......N. 0x00b0 ff ff .. rel 5+4 t=17 TLS+0 rel 127+4 t=8 runtime.memequal+0 rel 169+4 t=8 runtime.morestack_noctxt+0"".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer STEXT size=321 args=0x8 locals=0x88 0x000000000 (join_test.go:34) TEXT "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer(SB), ABIInternal, $136-8 0x000000000 (join_test.go:34) MOVQ (TLS), CX 0x000900009 (join_test.go:34) LEAQ -8(SP), AX 0x000e00014 (join_test.go:34) CMPQ AX, 16(CX) 0x001200018 (join_test.go:34) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x001200018 (join_test.go:34) JLS 311 0x001800024 (join_test.go:34) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x001800024 (join_test.go:34) SUBQ $136, SP 0x001f00031 (join_test.go:34) MOVQ BP, 128(SP) 0x002700039 (join_test.go:34) LEAQ 128(SP), BP 0x002f00047 (join_test.go:34) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x002f00047 (join_test.go:34) PCDATA $1, $-2 0x002f00047 (join_test.go:34) FUNCDATA $0, gclocals·263043c8f03e3241528dfae4e2812ef4(SB) 0x002f00047 (join_test.go:34) FUNCDATA $1, gclocals·d527b79a98f329c2ba624a68e7df03d6(SB) 0x002f00047 (join_test.go:34) FUNCDATA $2, gclocals·477643caa859a1fb5c2b872c45af6067(SB) 0x002f00047 (join_test.go:34) FUNCDATA $3, "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer.stkobj(SB) 0x002f00047 (join_test.go:34) PCDATA $0, $0 0x002f00047 (join_test.go:34) PCDATA $1, $0 0x002f00047 (join_test.go:34) XORL AX, AX 0x003100049 (join_test.go:37) JMP 110 0x003300051 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) PCDATA $0, $1 0x003300051 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) LEAQ ""..autotmp_10+56(SP), SI 0x003800056 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) PCDATA $0, $2 0x003800056 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) MOVQ SI, (SP) 0x003c00060 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) SUBQ BX, DX 0x003f00063 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) MOVQ DX, SI 0x004200066 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) NEGQ DX 0x004500069 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) SARQ $63, DX 0x004900073 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) ANDQ BX, DX 0x004c00076 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) ADDQ DX, AX 0x004f00079 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) PCDATA $0, $0 0x004f00079 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) MOVQ AX, 8(SP) 0x005400084 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) SUBQ BX, CX 0x005700087 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) MOVQ CX, 16(SP) 0x005c00092 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) MOVQ SI, 24(SP) 0x006100097 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) CALL runtime.slicebytetostring(SB) 0x006600102 (join_test.go:37) MOVQ "".i+48(SP), AX 0x006b00107 (join_test.go:37) INCQ AX 0x006e00110 (join_test.go:37) CMPQ AX, $1000 0x007400116 (join_test.go:37) JGE 286 0x007a00122 (join_test.go:37) MOVQ AX, "".i+48(SP) 0x007f00127 (join_test.go:38) PCDATA $1, $1 0x007f00127 (join_test.go:38) MOVQ $0, "".buffer+88(SP) 0x008800136 (join_test.go:38) XORPS X0, X0 0x008b00139 (join_test.go:38) MOVUPS X0, "".buffer+96(SP) 0x009000144 (join_test.go:38) MOVUPS X0, "".buffer+112(SP) 0x009500149 (join_test.go:39) PCDATA $0, $2 0x009500149 (join_test.go:39) LEAQ "".buffer+88(SP), AX 0x009a00154 (join_test.go:39) PCDATA $0, $0 0x009a00154 (join_test.go:39) MOVQ AX, (SP) 0x009e00158 (join_test.go:39) PCDATA $0, $3 0x009e00158 (join_test.go:39) LEAQ go.string."hello"(SB), CX 0x00a500165 (join_test.go:39) PCDATA $0, $0 0x00a500165 (join_test.go:39) MOVQ CX, 8(SP) 0x00aa00170 (join_test.go:39) MOVQ $5, 16(SP) 0x00b300179 (join_test.go:39) CALL bytes.(*Buffer).WriteString(SB) 0x00b800184 (join_test.go:40) PCDATA $0, $2 0x00b800184 (join_test.go:40) LEAQ "".buffer+88(SP), AX 0x00bd00189 (join_test.go:40) PCDATA $0, $0 0x00bd00189 (join_test.go:40) MOVQ AX, (SP) 0x00c100193 (join_test.go:40) PCDATA $0, $3 0x00c100193 (join_test.go:40) LEAQ go.string.","(SB), CX 0x00c800200 (join_test.go:40) PCDATA $0, $0 0x00c800200 (join_test.go:40) MOVQ CX, 8(SP) 0x00cd00205 (join_test.go:40) MOVQ $1, 16(SP) 0x00d600214 (join_test.go:40) CALL bytes.(*Buffer).WriteString(SB) 0x00db00219 (join_test.go:41) PCDATA $0, $2 0x00db00219 (join_test.go:41) LEAQ "".buffer+88(SP), AX 0x00e000224 (join_test.go:41) PCDATA $0, $0 0x00e000224 (join_test.go:41) MOVQ AX, (SP) 0x00e400228 (join_test.go:41) PCDATA $0, $2 0x00e400228 (join_test.go:41) LEAQ go.string."world"(SB), AX 0x00eb00235 (join_test.go:41) PCDATA $0, $0 0x00eb00235 (join_test.go:41) MOVQ AX, 8(SP) 0x00f000240 (join_test.go:41) MOVQ $5, 16(SP) 0x00f900249 (join_test.go:41) CALL bytes.(*Buffer).WriteString(SB) 0x00fe00254 (join_test.go:42) XCHGL AX, AX 0x00ff00255 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) PCDATA $0, $2 0x00ff00255 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) MOVQ "".buffer+88(SP), AX 0x010400260 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) MOVQ "".buffer+96(SP), CX 0x010900265 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) MOVQ "".buffer+104(SP), DX 0x010e00270 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) PCDATA $1, $0 0x010e00270 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) MOVQ "".buffer+112(SP), BX 0x011300275 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) CMPQ BX, CX 0x011600278 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) JLS 51 0x011c00284 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) JMP 302 0x011e00286 (join_test.go:37) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x011e00286 (join_test.go:37) PCDATA $1, $-1 0x011e00286 (join_test.go:37) MOVQ 128(SP), BP 0x012600294 (join_test.go:37) ADDQ $136, SP 0x012d00301 (join_test.go:37) RET 0x012e00302 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) PCDATA $0, $0 0x012e00302 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) PCDATA $1, $0 0x012e00302 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) MOVQ BX, AX 0x013100305 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) CALL runtime.panicSliceB(SB) 0x013600310 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) XCHGL AX, AX 0x013700311 ($GOROOT/src/bytes/buffer.go:65) NOP 0x013700311 (join_test.go:34) PCDATA $1, $-1 0x013700311 (join_test.go:34) PCDATA $0, $-2 0x013700311 (join_test.go:34) CALL runtime.morestack_noctxt(SB) 0x013c00316 (join_test.go:34) PCDATA $0, $-1 0x013c00316 (join_test.go:34) JMP 0 0x000065488b 0c 2500000000488d 4424 f8 483b eH..%....H.D$.H; 0x001041100f 861f 0100004881 ec 8800000048 A.......H......H 0x002089 ac 2480000000488d ac 248000000031 ..$....H..$....1 0x0030 c0 eb 3b 488d 742438488934244829 da 48 ..;H.t$8H.4$H).H 0x004089 d6 48 f7 da 48 c1 fa 3f 4821 da 4801 d0 48 ..H..H..?H!.H..H 0x0050894424084829 d9 48894c 241048897424 .D$.H).H.L$.H.t$ 0x006018 e8 00000000488b 44243048 ff c0 483d ......H.D$0H..H= 0x0070 e8 0300000f 8d a4 000000488944243048 ..........H.D$0H 0x0080 c7 442458000000000f 57 c0 0f 11442460 .D$X.....W...D$` 0x0090 0f 11 44 24 70 48 8d 44 24 58 48 89 04 24 48 8d ..D$pH.D$XH..$H. 0x00a0 0d 00 00 00 00 48 89 4c 24 08 48 c7 44 24 10 05 .....H.L$.H.D$.. 0x00b0 00 00 00 e8 00 00 00 00 48 8d 44 24 58 48 89 04 ........H.D$XH.. 0x00c0 24 48 8d 0d 00 00 00 00 48 89 4c 24 08 48 c7 44 $H......H.L$.H.D 0x00d0 24 10 01 00 00 00 e8 00 00 00 00 48 8d 44 24 58 $..........H.D$X 0x00e0 48 89 04 24 48 8d 05 00 00 00 00 48 89 44 24 08 H..$H......H.D$. 0x00f0 48 c7 44 24 10 05 00 00 00 e8 00 00 00 00 90 48 H.D$...........H 0x0100 8b 44 24 58 48 8b 4c 24 60 48 8b 54 24 68 48 8b .D$XH.L$`H.T$hH. 0x01105c 24704839 cb 0f 8617 ff ff ff eb 10488b \$pH9.........H. 0x0120 ac 24800000004881 c4 88000000 c3 4889 .$....H.......H. 0x0130 d8 e8 0000000090 e8 00000000 e9 bf fe ff ................ 0x0140 ff . rel 5+4 t=17 TLS+0 rel 98+4 t=8 runtime.slicebytetostring+0 rel 161+4 t=16go.string."hello"+0 rel 180+4 t=8 bytes.(*Buffer).WriteString+0 rel 196+4 t=16go.string.","+0 rel 215+4 t=8 bytes.(*Buffer).WriteString+0 rel 231+4 t=16go.string."world"+0 rel 250+4 t=8 bytes.(*Buffer).WriteString+0 rel 306+4 t=8 runtime.panicSliceB+0 rel 312+4 t=8 runtime.morestack_noctxt+0go.cuinfo.packagename. SDWARFINFO dupok size=0 0x0000736875616e 67 shuanggo.info.bytes.(*Buffer).String$abstract SDWARFINFO dupok size=35 0x00000462797465732e 282a 42756666657229 .bytes.(*Buffer) 0x00102e 537472696e 67000101116200000000 .String....b.... 0x0020000000 ... rel 0+0 t=24type.*bytes.Buffer+0 rel 30+4 t=29go.info.*bytes.Buffer+0go.string."hello" SRODATA dupok size=5 0x000068656c 6c 6f hellogo.string."world" SRODATA dupok size=5 0x0000776f 726c 64 worldgo.string."," SRODATA dupok size=1 0x00002c ,go.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator SDWARFLOC size=90 0x000000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x001001009c 00000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x002000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x003000000002009148000000000000000000 ......H......... 0x004000000000000000010050000000000000 .........P...... 0x005000000000000000000000 .......... rel 0+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+0 rel 8+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+164 rel 35+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+42 rel 43+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+127 rel 55+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+127 rel 63+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+164go.info."".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator SDWARFINFO size=128 0x00000322222e 42656e 63686d 61726b 416464 ."".BenchmarkAdd 0x0010537472696e 67576974684f 7065726174 StringWithOperat 0x00206f 720000000000000000000000000000 or.............. 0x0030000000019c 00000000010a 68656c 6c 6f ...........hello 0x0040000b 00000000000a 776f 726c 64000c 00 ........world... 0x005000000000106200000a 00000000000000 .....b.......... 0x006000150000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x007000000b 69000d 00000000000000000000 ...i............ rel 0+0 t=24type.*testing.B+0 rel 0+0 t=24type.[32]uint8+0 rel 0+0 t=24type.int+0 rel 35+8 t=1"".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+0 rel 43+8 t=1"".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+164 rel 53+4 t=30 gofile../Users/dashen/go/src/note/blog/join_test.go+0 rel 66+4 t=29go.info.string+0 rel 79+4 t=29go.info.string+0 rel 89+4 t=29go.info.*testing.B+0 rel 93+4 t=29go.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+0 rel 98+8 t=1"".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+35 rel 106+8 t=1"".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+154 rel 118+4 t=29go.info.int+0 rel 122+4 t=29go.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator+35go.range."".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator SDWARFRANGE size=0go.debuglines."".BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator SDWARFMISC size=36 0x000004020304140a cd 069b 06260623064206 ..........&.#.B. 0x00104106022b ff 400641062d 065f 06697004 A..+.@.A.-._.ip. 0x002001037701 ..w.go.string."%s,%s" SRODATA dupok size=5 0x000025732c 2573 %s,%sgo.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf SDWARFLOC size=90 0x000000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x001001009c 00000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x002000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x003000000002009140000000000000000000 ......@......... 0x004000000000000000010050000000000000 .........P...... 0x005000000000000000000000 .......... rel 0+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+0 rel 8+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+254 rel 35+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+45 rel 43+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+216 rel 55+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+216 rel 63+8 t=53"".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+254go.info."".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf SDWARFINFO size=127 0x00000322222e 42656e 63686d 61726b 416464 ."".BenchmarkAdd 0x0010537472696e 6757697468537072696e 74 StringWithSprint 0x002066000000000000000000000000000000 f............... 0x00300000019c 00000000010a 68656c 6c 6f 00 ..........hello. 0x00401300000000000a 776f 726c 6400140000 .......world.... 0x005000000010620000120000000000000000 ....b........... 0x006015000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x0070000b 69001500000000000000000000 ..i............ rel 0+0 t=24type.*testing.B+0 rel 0+0 t=24type.[2]interface {}+0 rel 0+0 t=24type.int+0 rel 0+0 t=24type.unsafe.Pointer+0 rel 34+8 t=1"".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+0 rel 42+8 t=1"".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+254 rel 52+4 t=30 gofile../Users/dashen/go/src/note/blog/join_test.go+0 rel 65+4 t=29go.info.string+0 rel 78+4 t=29go.info.string+0 rel 88+4 t=29go.info.*testing.B+0 rel 92+4 t=29go.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+0 rel 97+8 t=1"".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+35 rel 105+8 t=1"".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+244 rel 117+4 t=29go.info.int+0 rel 121+4 t=29go.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf+35go.range."".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf SDWARFRANGE size=0go.debuglines."".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf SDWARFMISC size=39 0x00000402030c 140a cd 069b 06260641064206 ..........&.A.B. 0x00105506910641060272 fe 0641062d 064106 U...A..r..A.-.A. 0x002091700401036f 01 .p...o.runtime.nilinterequal·f SRODATA dupok size=8 0x00000000000000000000 ........ rel 0+8 t=1 runtime.nilinterequal+0runtime.memequal64·f SRODATA dupok size=8 0x00000000000000000000 ........ rel 0+8 t=1 runtime.memequal64+0runtime.gcbits.01 SRODATA dupok size=1 0x000001 .type..namedata.*interface {}- SRODATA dupok size=16 0x000000000d 2a 696e 74657266616365207b 7d ...*interface {}type.*interface {} SRODATA dupok size=56 0x000008000000000000000800000000000000 ................ 0x00104f 0f 969d 080808360000000000000000 O......6........ 0x002000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x00300000000000000000 ........ rel 24+8 t=1 runtime.memequal64·f+0 rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.01+0 rel 40+4 t=5type..namedata.*interface {}-+0 rel 48+8 t=1type.interface {}+0runtime.gcbits.02 SRODATA dupok size=1 0x000002 .type.interface {} SRODATA dupok size=80 0x000010000000000000001000000000000000 ................ 0x0010 e7 57 a0 18020808140000000000000000 .W.............. 0x002000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x003000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x004000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ rel 24+8 t=1 runtime.nilinterequal·f+0 rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.02+0 rel 40+4 t=5type..namedata.*interface {}-+0 rel 44+4 t=6type.*interface {}+0 rel 56+8 t=1type.interface {}+80type..namedata.*[]interface {}- SRODATA dupok size=18 0x000000000f 2a 5b 5d 696e 7465726661636520 ...*[]interface 0x00107b 7d {}type.*[]interface {} SRODATA dupok size=56 0x000008000000000000000800000000000000 ................ 0x0010 f3 049a e7 080808360000000000000000 .......6........ 0x002000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x00300000000000000000 ........ rel 24+8 t=1 runtime.memequal64·f+0 rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.01+0 rel 40+4 t=5type..namedata.*[]interface {}-+0 rel 48+8 t=1type.[]interface {}+0type.[]interface {} SRODATA dupok size=56 0x000018000000000000000800000000000000 ................ 0x00107093 ea 2f 020808170000000000000000 p../............ 0x002000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x00300000000000000000 ........ rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.01+0 rel 40+4 t=5type..namedata.*[]interface {}-+0 rel 44+4 t=6type.*[]interface {}+0 rel 48+8 t=1type.interface {}+0go.loc.type..eq.[2]interface {} SDWARFLOC dupok size=106 0x000000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x001001005100000000000000000000000000 ..Q............. 0x002000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x003000000001009c 00000000000000000000 ................ 0x004000000000000000000000000000000000 ................ 0x005000000000000002009108000000000000 ................ 0x006000000000000000000000 .......... rel 0+8 t=53type..eq.[2]interface {}+72 rel 8+8 t=53type..eq.[2]interface {}+85 rel 35+8 t=53type..eq.[2]interface {}+0 rel 43+8 t=53type..eq.[2]interface {}+179 rel 70+8 t=53type..eq.[2]interface {}+0 rel 78+8 t=53type..eq.[2]interface {}+179go.info.type..eq.[2]interface {} SDWARFINFO dupok size=100 0x000003747970652e 2e 65712e 5b 325d 696e 74 .type..eq.[2]int 0x0010657266616365207b 7d 00000000000000 erface {}....... 0x002000000000000000000000019c 00000000 ................ 0x0030010b 6900010000000000000000107000 ..i...........p. 0x004000010000000000000000107100000100 ...........q.... 0x0050000000000000000f 7e 72320001010000 ........~r2..... 0x006000000000 .... rel 0+0 t=24type.*[2]interface {}+0 rel 0+0 t=24type.bool+0 rel 0+0 t=24type.int+0 rel 26+8 t=1type..eq.[2]interface {}+0 rel 34+8 t=1type..eq.[2]interface {}+179 rel 44+4 t=30 gofile..<autogenerated>+0 rel 53+4 t=29go.info.int+0 rel 57+4 t=29go.loc.type..eq.[2]interface {}+0 rel 66+4 t=29go.info.*[2]interface {}+0 rel 70+4 t=29go.loc.type..eq.[2]interface {}+35 rel 79+4 t=29go.info.*[2]interface {}+0 rel 83+4 t=29go.loc.type..eq.[2]interface {}+70 rel 94+4 t=29go.info.bool+0go.range.type..eq.[2]interface {} SDWARFRANGE dupok size=0go.debuglines.type..eq.[2]interface {} SDWARFMISC dupok size=29 0x000004010f 0a cd 06 cd 0608730637060227 ff .........s.7..'. 0x0010 06 41 06 73 06 41 06 73 04 01 03 00 01 .A.s.A.s.....type..eqfunc.[2]interface {} SRODATA dupok size=8 0x0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 0+8 t=1 type..eq.[2]interface {}+0type..namedata.*[2]interface {}- SRODATA dupok size=19 0x0000 00 00 10 2a 5b 32 5d 69 6e 74 65 72 66 61 63 65 ...*[2]interface 0x0010 20 7b 7d {}type.*[2]interface {} SRODATA dupok size=56 0x0000 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 be 73 2d 71 08 08 08 36 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .s-q...6........ 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 24+8 t=1 runtime.memequal64·f+0 rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.01+0 rel 40+4 t=5 type..namedata.*[2]interface {}-+0 rel 48+8 t=1 type.[2]interface {}+0runtime.gcbits.0a SRODATA dupok size=1 0x0000 0a .type.[2]interface {} SRODATA dupok size=72 0x0000 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ....... ....... 0x0010 2c 59 a4 f1 02 08 08 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ,Y.............. 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0040 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 24+8 t=1 type..eqfunc.[2]interface {}+0 rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.0a+0 rel 40+4 t=5 type..namedata.*[2]interface {}-+0 rel 44+4 t=6 type.*[2]interface {}+0 rel 48+8 t=1 type.interface {}+0 rel 56+8 t=1 type.[]interface {}+0go.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin SDWARFLOC size=90 0x0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 01 00 9c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 02 00 91 48 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ......H......... 0x0040 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 50 00 00 00 00 00 00 .........P...... 0x0050 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .......... rel 0+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+0 rel 8+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+196 rel 35+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+42 rel 43+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+158 rel 55+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+158 rel 63+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+196go.info."".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin SDWARFINFO size=124 0x0000 03 22 22 2e 42 65 6e 63 68 6d 61 72 6b 41 64 64 ."".BenchmarkAdd 0x0010 53 74 72 69 6e 67 57 69 74 68 4a 6f 69 6e 00 00 StringWithJoin.. 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 ................ 0x0030 9c 00 00 00 00 01 0a 68 65 6c 6c 6f 00 1b 00 00 .......hello.... 0x0040 00 00 00 0a 77 6f 72 6c 64 00 1c 00 00 00 00 00 ....world....... 0x0050 10 62 00 00 1a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 15 00 00 .b.............. 0x0060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0b 69 ...............i 0x0070 00 1d 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ............ rel 0+0 t=24 type.*testing.B+0 rel 0+0 t=24 type.[2]string+0 rel 0+0 t=24 type.int+0 rel 31+8 t=1 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+0 rel 39+8 t=1 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+196 rel 49+4 t=30 gofile../Users/dashen/go/src/note/blog/join_test.go+0 rel 62+4 t=29 go.info.string+0 rel 75+4 t=29 go.info.string+0 rel 85+4 t=29 go.info.*testing.B+0 rel 89+4 t=29 go.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+0 rel 94+8 t=1 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+35 rel 102+8 t=1 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+186 rel 114+4 t=29 go.info.int+0 rel 118+4 t=29 go.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin+35go.range."".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin SDWARFRANGE size=0go.debuglines."".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin SDWARFMISC size=35 0x0000 04 02 03 14 14 0a cd 06 9b 06 26 06 23 06 42 06 ..........&.#.B. 0x0010 2d 06 02 51 fe 06 41 06 2d 06 41 06 91 70 04 01 -..Q..A.-.A..p.. 0x0020 03 67 01 .g.type..namedata.*[]string- SRODATA dupok size=12 0x0000 00 00 09 2a 5b 5d 73 74 72 69 6e 67 ...*[]stringtype.*[]string SRODATA dupok size=56 0x0000 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 92 22 76 84 08 08 08 36 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ."v....6........ 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 24+8 t=1 runtime.memequal64·f+0 rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.01+0 rel 40+4 t=5 type..namedata.*[]string-+0 rel 48+8 t=1 type.[]string+0type.[]string SRODATA dupok size=56 0x0000 18 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 d3 a8 f3 0a 02 08 08 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.01+0 rel 40+4 t=5 type..namedata.*[]string-+0 rel 44+4 t=6 type.*[]string+0 rel 48+8 t=1 type.string+0go.loc.type..eq.[2]string SDWARFLOC dupok size=106 0x0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 01 00 51 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ..Q............. 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 01 00 9c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0040 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0050 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 91 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .......... rel 0+8 t=53 type..eq.[2]string+72 rel 8+8 t=53 type..eq.[2]string+85 rel 35+8 t=53 type..eq.[2]string+0 rel 43+8 t=53 type..eq.[2]string+178 rel 70+8 t=53 type..eq.[2]string+0 rel 78+8 t=53 type..eq.[2]string+178go.info.type..eq.[2]string SDWARFINFO dupok size=94 0x0000 03 74 79 70 65 2e 2e 65 71 2e 5b 32 5d 73 74 72 .type..eq.[2]str 0x0010 69 6e 67 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ing............. 0x0020 00 00 00 00 01 9c 00 00 00 00 01 0b 69 00 01 00 ............i... 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 70 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 ........p....... 0x0040 00 00 00 00 10 71 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .....q.......... 0x0050 00 0f 7e 72 32 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 ..~r2......... rel 0+0 t=24 type.*[2]string+0 rel 0+0 t=24 type.bool+0 rel 0+0 t=24 type.int+0 rel 20+8 t=1 type..eq.[2]string+0 rel 28+8 t=1 type..eq.[2]string+178 rel 38+4 t=30 gofile..<autogenerated>+0 rel 47+4 t=29 go.info.int+0 rel 51+4 t=29 go.loc.type..eq.[2]string+0 rel 60+4 t=29 go.info.*[2]string+0 rel 64+4 t=29 go.loc.type..eq.[2]string+35 rel 73+4 t=29 go.info.*[2]string+0 rel 77+4 t=29 go.loc.type..eq.[2]string+70 rel 88+4 t=29 go.info.bool+0go.range.type..eq.[2]string SDWARFRANGE dupok size=0go.debuglines.type..eq.[2]string SDWARFMISC dupok size=29 0x0000 04 01 0f 0a cd 06 cd 06 08 73 06 37 06 02 26 ff .........s.7..&. 0x0010 06 41 06 73 06 41 06 73 04 01 03 00 01 .A.s.A.s.....type..eqfunc.[2]string SRODATA dupok size=8 0x0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 0+8 t=1 type..eq.[2]string+0type..namedata.*[2]string- SRODATA dupok size=13 0x0000 00 00 0a 2a 5b 32 5d 73 74 72 69 6e 67 ...*[2]stringtype.*[2]string SRODATA dupok size=56 0x0000 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 0c 66 1f 3c 08 08 08 36 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .f.<...6........ 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 24+8 t=1 runtime.memequal64·f+0 rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.01+0 rel 40+4 t=5 type..namedata.*[2]string-+0 rel 48+8 t=1 type.[2]string+0runtime.gcbits.05 SRODATA dupok size=1 0x0000 05 .type.[2]string SRODATA dupok size=72 0x0000 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 18 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ............... 0x0010 50 58 e5 e9 02 08 08 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 PX.............. 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0040 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 24+8 t=1 type..eqfunc.[2]string+0 rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.05+0 rel 40+4 t=5 type..namedata.*[2]string-+0 rel 44+4 t=6 type.*[2]string+0 rel 48+8 t=1 type.string+0 rel 56+8 t=1 type.[]string+0go.string."<nil>" SRODATA dupok size=5 0x0000 3c 6e 69 6c 3e <nil>go.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer SDWARFLOC size=173 0x0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 03 00 91 a0 7f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 50 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .......P........ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 91 a0 7f 00 00 00 ................ 0x0040 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 50 ...............P 0x0050 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0060 03 00 91 a0 7f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0070 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0080 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 91 48 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........H....... 0x0090 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 91 48 00 00 00 ............H... 0x00a0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ............. rel 0+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+107 rel 8+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+110 rel 21+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+110 rel 29+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+154 rel 40+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+154 rel 48+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+286 rel 61+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+286 rel 69+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+302 rel 80+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+302 rel 88+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+321 rel 117+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+107 rel 125+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+286 rel 137+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+302 rel 145+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+321go.info."".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer SDWARFINFO size=164 0x0000 03 22 22 2e 42 65 6e 63 68 6d 61 72 6b 41 64 64 ."".BenchmarkAdd 0x0010 53 74 72 69 6e 67 57 69 74 68 42 75 66 66 65 72 StringWithBuffer 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 01 9c 00 00 00 00 01 0a 68 65 6c 6c 6f 00 23 .........hello.# 0x0040 00 00 00 00 00 0a 77 6f 72 6c 64 00 24 00 00 00 ......world.$... 0x0050 00 00 0f 62 00 00 22 00 00 00 00 00 14 00 00 00 ...b.."......... 0x0060 00 0b 69 00 25 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 15 00 00 ..i.%........... 0x0070 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0b 62 ...............b 0x0080 75 66 66 65 72 00 26 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 uffer.&......... 0x0090 00 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2a 00 ..............*. 0x00a0 00 00 00 00 .... rel 0+0 t=24 type.*testing.B+0 rel 0+0 t=24 type.[32]uint8+0 rel 0+0 t=24 type.bytes.Buffer+0 rel 0+0 t=24 type.int+0 rel 33+8 t=1 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+0 rel 41+8 t=1 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+321 rel 51+4 t=30 gofile../Users/dashen/go/src/note/blog/join_test.go+0 rel 64+4 t=29 go.info.string+0 rel 77+4 t=29 go.info.string+0 rel 87+4 t=29 go.info.*testing.B+0 rel 93+4 t=29 go.range."".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+0 rel 101+4 t=29 go.info.int+0 rel 105+4 t=29 go.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+0 rel 110+8 t=1 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+127 rel 118+8 t=1 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+255 rel 135+4 t=29 go.info.bytes.Buffer+0 rel 139+4 t=29 go.loc."".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+117 rel 146+4 t=29 go.info.bytes.(*Buffer).String$abstract+0 rel 150+4 t=29 go.range."".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+64 rel 154+4 t=30 gofile../Users/dashen/go/src/note/blog/join_test.go+0go.range."".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer SDWARFRANGE size=128 0x0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0040 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0050 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0070 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ rel 0+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+49 rel 8+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+51 rel 16+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+102 rel 24+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+255 rel 32+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+286 rel 40+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+302 rel 64+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+51 rel 72+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+102 rel 80+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+255 rel 88+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+286 rel 96+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+302 rel 104+8 t=53 "".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer+311go.debuglines."".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer SDWARFMISC size=85 0x0000 04 02 03 1c 14 0a ff 06 f5 26 04 14 03 17 28 04 .........&....(. 0x0010 02 06 02 1b 03 68 fb 06 41 06 2d 06 4b 06 7e 06 .....h..A.-.K.~. 0x0020 69 06 92 06 41 06 08 19 42 06 41 06 08 19 42 06 i...A...B.A...B. 0x0030 41 06 08 19 42 04 14 03 12 1e 06 41 04 02 06 08 A...B......A.... 0x0040 03 68 1f 04 14 06 03 17 b4 06 5f 04 02 03 65 15 .h........_...e. 0x0050 04 01 03 5f 01 ..._.""..inittask SNOPTRDATA size=56 0x0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 24+8 t=1 bytes..inittask+0 rel 32+8 t=1 fmt..inittask+0 rel 40+8 t=1 strings..inittask+0 rel 48+8 t=1 testing..inittask+0type..namedata.*[]uint8- SRODATA dupok size=11 0x0000 00 00 08 2a 5b 5d 75 69 6e 74 38 ...*[]uint8type.*[]uint8 SRODATA dupok size=56 0x0000 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 a5 8e d0 69 08 08 08 36 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ...i...6........ 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 24+8 t=1 runtime.memequal64·f+0 rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.01+0 rel 40+4 t=5 type..namedata.*[]uint8-+0 rel 48+8 t=1 type.[]uint8+0type.[]uint8 SRODATA dupok size=56 0x0000 18 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 df 7e 2e 38 02 08 08 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .~.8............ 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.01+0 rel 40+4 t=5 type..namedata.*[]uint8-+0 rel 44+4 t=6 type.*[]uint8+0 rel 48+8 t=1 type.uint8+0type..eqfunc32 SRODATA dupok size=16 0x0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ ....... rel 0+8 t=1 runtime.memequal_varlen+0type..namedata.*[32]uint8- SRODATA dupok size=13 0x0000 00 00 0a 2a 5b 33 32 5d 75 69 6e 74 38 ...*[32]uint8type.*[32]uint8 SRODATA dupok size=56 0x0000 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0010 f4 c7 79 15 08 08 08 36 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ..y....6........ 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 24+8 t=1 runtime.memequal64·f+0 rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.01+0 rel 40+4 t=5 type..namedata.*[32]uint8-+0 rel 48+8 t=1 type.[32]uint8+0runtime.gcbits. SRODATA dupok size=0type.[32]uint8 SRODATA dupok size=72 0x0000 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ............... 0x0010 9c 59 ff a8 0a 01 01 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .Y.............. 0x0020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ 0x0040 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ....... rel 24+8 t=1 type..eqfunc32+0 rel 32+8 t=1 runtime.gcbits.+0 rel 40+4 t=5 type..namedata.*[32]uint8-+0 rel 44+4 t=6 type.*[32]uint8+0 rel 48+8 t=1 type.uint8+0 rel 56+8 t=1 type.[]uint8+0type..importpath.bytes. SRODATA dupok size=8 0x0000 00 00 05 62 79 74 65 73 ...bytestype..importpath.fmt. SRODATA dupok size=6 0x0000 00 00 03 66 6d 74 ...fmttype..importpath.strings. SRODATA dupok size=10 0x0000 00 00 07 73 74 72 69 6e 67 73 ...stringstype..importpath.testing. SRODATA dupok size=10 0x0000 00 00 07 74 65 73 74 69 6e 67 ...testinggclocals·a36216b97439c93dafebe03e7f0808b5 SRODATA dupok size=9 0x0000 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 .........gclocals·33cdeccccebe80329f1fdbee7f5874cb SRODATA dupok size=8 0x0000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........gclocals·96839595c383af6ae8227769d90a999e SRODATA dupok size=12 0x0000 04 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 01 02 04 ............gclocals·69a9291448fa273f79569cb593f615b2 SRODATA dupok size=12 0x0000 04 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 ............gclocals·306ea4dc593c4841cf74b8270a1a332d SRODATA dupok size=12 0x0000 04 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 00 01 15 14 ............gclocals·a5a3f3e663b1ae9c2739369df7a1eae5 SRODATA dupok size=14 0x0000 06 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 01 02 03 07 04 .............."".BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf.stkobj SRODATA size=24 0x0000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................ 0x0010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 16+8 t=1 type.[2]interface {}+0gclocals·dc9b0298814590ca3ffc3a889546fc8b SRODATA dupok size=10 0x0000 02 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 ..........gclocals·69c1753bd5f81501d95132d08af04464 SRODATA dupok size=8 0x0000 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........gclocals·313a5bdbfadc4f007c002a3a3588596d SRODATA dupok size=18 0x0000 0a 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 00 01 03 08 28 21 23 22 ............(!#" 0x0010 24 04 $.gclocals·09b80ec389a9e6ac09cfa1cd3c45263d SRODATA dupok size=10 0x0000 02 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 ..........gclocals·fb107d7ecaf558140670273b9a8c1e62 SRODATA dupok size=10 0x0000 02 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 05 .........."".BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin.stkobj SRODATA size=24 0x0000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................ 0x0010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 16+8 t=1 type.[2]string+0gclocals·8a866e72a2964e4d3575e01f98e6fe5f SRODATA dupok size=19 0x0000 0b 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 01 03 08 28 21 43 c2 ............(!C. 0x0010 c4 c0 40 ..@gclocals·263043c8f03e3241528dfae4e2812ef4 SRODATA dupok size=10 0x0000 02 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 ..........gclocals·d527b79a98f329c2ba624a68e7df03d6 SRODATA dupok size=10 0x0000 02 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 00 01 ..........gclocals·477643caa859a1fb5c2b872c45af6067 SRODATA dupok size=12 0x0000 04 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 00 21 01 02 .........!.."".BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer.stkobj SRODATA size=24 0x0000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 d8 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................ 0x0010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ rel 16+8 t=1 type.bytes.Buffer+0更多参考:
后面给Go提交了几次代码，go/ast: use strings.Builder, go/parser: use strings.Builder,了解到bytes.Buffer是有内存分配的，推荐使用strings.Builder， 仔细审视了之前的代码，发现benchmark里for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {这一行有问题，修改并新增strings.Builder后的压测文件如下:
package shuang import ( "bytes" "fmt" "strings" "testing" ) func BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { _ = hello + "," + world } } func BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { _ = fmt.Sprintf("%s,%s", hello, world) } } func BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { _ = strings.Join([]string{hello, world}, ",") } } func BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" //for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ { // 这样则没有内存分配 for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { var buffer bytes.Buffer buffer.WriteString(hello) buffer.WriteString(",") buffer.WriteString(world) _ = buffer.String() } } func BenchmarkAddStringWithBuilder(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { var sbuilder strings.Builder sbuilder.WriteString(hello) sbuilder.WriteString(",") sbuilder.WriteString(world) _ = sbuilder.String() } }
goos: darwin goarch: arm64 pkg: shuang/bc2 BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator-8 73952530 15.59 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf-8 12973456 91.93 ns/op 48 B/op 3 allocs/op BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin-8 44449520 26.82 ns/op 16 B/op 1 allocs/op BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer-8 36167272 32.81 ns/op 64 B/op 1 allocs/op BenchmarkAddStringWithBuilder-8 36218533 32.60 ns/op 24 B/op 2 allocs/op PASS ok shuang/bc2 6.839s
Go 1.9 版本后，strings包新增加strings.Builder
看起来strings.Builder相比于bytes.Buffer会多分配一次内存,但单次内存分配的大小小于bytes.Buffer
strings.Join底层其实也是调用strings.Builder，为什么前者在每次执行耗时及每次内存分配大小上，优于后者? 有空时仔细研究下~
以上都只是多次拼接hello，world。还有一种一直追加（append而非add）的拼接，即循环里不断将新字符串追加到原字符串之后:
如将字符串*cuishuang, *，append形式拼接10000次
package shuang import ( "bytes" "fmt" "strings" "testing" ) func BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { _ = hello + "," + world } } func BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { _ = fmt.Sprintf("%s,%s", hello, world) } } func BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { _ = strings.Join([]string{hello, world}, ",") } } func BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" //for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ { // 这样则没有内存分配 for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { var buffer bytes.Buffer buffer.WriteString(hello) buffer.WriteString(",") buffer.WriteString(world) _ = buffer.String() } } func BenchmarkAddStringWithBuilder(b *testing.B) { hello := "hello" world := "world" for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { var sbuilder strings.Builder sbuilder.WriteString(hello) sbuilder.WriteString(",") sbuilder.WriteString(world) _ = sbuilder.String() } } // 循环中拼接 func BenchmarkAppendWithAdd(b *testing.B) { var s string for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { s = s + "cuishuang," // 用来校验结果是否一致 //if i == 10 { // fmt.Println("s is:", s) //} } } func BenchmarkAppendWithSprintf(b *testing.B) { var s string for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { s = fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", s, "cuishuang,") // 用来校验结果是否一致 //if i == 10 { // fmt.Println("s is:", s) //} } } func BenchmarkAppendWithJoin(b *testing.B) { var s string for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { s = strings.Join([]string{s, "cuishuang,"}, "") // 用来校验结果是否一致 //if i == 10 { // fmt.Println("s is:", s) //} } _ = s } func BenchmarkAppendWithBytesBuffer(b *testing.B) { var byt bytes.Buffer for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { byt.WriteString("cuishuang,") // 用来校验结果是否一致 //if i == 10 { // fmt.Println("s is:", s) //} } byt.String() } func BenchmarkAppendWithStringBuilder(b *testing.B) { var sbuilder strings.Builder for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { sbuilder.WriteString("cuishuang,") // 用来校验结果是否一致 //if i == 10 { // fmt.Println("s is:", s) //} } sbuilder.String() }
goos: darwin goarch: arm64 pkg: shuang/bc2 BenchmarkAddStringWithOperator-8 76988056 15.62 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op BenchmarkAddStringWithSprintf-8 12866815 97.66 ns/op 48 B/op 3 allocs/op BenchmarkAddStringWithJoin-8 43484365 27.59 ns/op 16 B/op 1 allocs/op BenchmarkAddStringWithBuffer-8 35710210 32.96 ns/op 64 B/op 1 allocs/op BenchmarkAddStringWithBuilder-8 34601161 33.51 ns/op 24 B/op 2 allocs/op BenchmarkAppendWithAdd-8 317286 95134 ns/op 1590508 B/op 1 allocs/op BenchmarkAppendWithSprintf-8 95326 84243 ns/op 959952 B/op 3 allocs/op BenchmarkAppendWithJoin-8 272533 100585 ns/op 1366737 B/op 1 allocs/op BenchmarkAppendWithBytesBuffer-8 100000000 12.74 ns/op 31 B/op 0 allocs/op BenchmarkAppendWithStringBuilder-8 100000000 10.83 ns/op 57 B/op 0 allocs/op PASS ok shuang/bc2 75.146s
由于string是不可修改的，所以在使用“+”进行拼接字符串，每次都会产生申请空间，拼接，复制等操作，数据量大的情况下非常消耗资源和性能。而采用Buffer等方式，都是预先计算拼接字符串数组的总长度（如果可以知道长度），申请空间，底层是slice数组，可以以append的形式向后进行追加。最后在转换为字符串。这申请了不断申请空间的操作，也减少了空间的使用和拷贝的次数，自然性能也高不少
一般情况下strings.Builder性能略好于bytes.Buffer
其中一个原因是bytes.Buffer最后将byte切片转为string的String()方法，就是将字节切片强转为string(强转的时候是需要进行申请空间，并拷贝的)
// To build strings more efficiently, see the strings.Builder type. func (b *Buffer) String() string { if b == nil { // Special case, useful in debugging. return "<nil>" } return string(b.buf[b.off:]) }
而 strings.Builder 使用*(*string)(unsafe.Pointer(&b.buf))，以unsafe.Pointer媒介，程序绕过类型系统，进行地址转换而不是拷贝
// String returns the accumulated string. func (b *Builder) String() string { return *(*string)(unsafe.Pointer(&b.buf)) }
即 在最后由字节切片转为string时， bytes.Buffer 重新申请了一块空间，存放生成的string变量， 而strings.Builder 通过*(*string)(unsafe.Pointer(&byteSli))直接将底层的[]byte转换成了string类型返回了回来，省掉了申请空间的操作
参考下面 byte切片转string
更多参考:
strings.Builder 转换字符串的时候为什么比 bytes.Buffer 要快
go strings.Builder和bytes.Buffer
Go bytes.Buffer 和 strings.Builder 性能比较
byte切片转string
package main import "fmt" func main() { str := `{"default":{"common":{"pet":{"five":"斑斑","four":"皮瓜瓜","one":"弥弥懵","three":"呆呆","two":"黄橙橙"},"relation":{"father":"cuixxxxxxx","mother":"yinxxxxx","wife":"pengxx"}}}}` fmt.Println([]byte(str)) }
先得到 byte类型的切片
输出：
[123 34 100 101 102 97 117 108 116 34 58 123 34 99 111 109 109 111 110 34 58 123 34 112 101 116 34 58 123 34 102 105 118 101 34 58 34 230 150 145 230 150 145 34 44 34 102 111 117 114 34 58 34 231 154 174 231 147 156 231 147 156 34 44 34 111 110 101 34 58 34 229 188 165 229 188 165 230 135 181 34 44 34 116 104 114 101 101 34 58 34 229 145 134 229 145 134 34 44 34 116 119 111 34 58 34 233 187 132 230 169 153 230 169 153 34 125 44 34 114 101 108 97 116 105 111 110 34 58 123 34 102 97 116 104 101 114 34 58 34 99 117 105 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 34 44 34 109 111 116 104 101 114 34 58 34 121 105 110 120 120 120 120 120 34 44 34 119 105 102 101 34 58 34 112 101 110 103 120 120 34 125 125 125 125]
byteSliToStr.go:
package main import ( "testing" "unsafe" ) /** 原始字符串 `{"default":{"common":{"pet":{"five":"斑斑","four":"皮瓜瓜","one":"弥弥懵","three":"呆呆","two":"黄橙橙"},"relation":{"father":"cuixxxxxxx","mother":"yinxxxxx","wife":"pengxx"}}}}` */ func BenchmarkString(b *testing.B) { byteSli := []byte{123, 34, 100, 101, 102, 97, 117, 108, 116, 34, 58, 123, 34, 99, 111, 109, 109, 111, 110, 34, 58, 123, 34, 112, 101, 116, 34, 58, 123, 34, 102, 105, 118, 101, 34, 58, 34, 230, 150, 145, 230, 150, 145, 34, 44, 34, 102, 111, 117, 114, 34, 58, 34, 231, 154, 174, 231, 147, 156, 231, 147, 156, 34, 44, 34, 111, 110, 101, 34, 58, 34, 229, 188, 165, 229, 188, 165, 230, 135, 181, 34, 44, 34, 116, 104, 114, 101, 101, 34, 58, 34, 229, 145, 134, 229, 145, 134, 34, 44, 34, 116, 119, 111, 34, 58, 34, 233, 187, 132, 230, 169, 153, 230, 169, 153, 34, 125, 44, 34, 114, 101, 108, 97, 116, 105, 111, 110, 34, 58, 123, 34, 102, 97, 116, 104, 101, 114, 34, 58, 34, 99, 117, 105, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 34, 44, 34, 109, 111, 116, 104, 101, 114, 34, 58, 34, 121, 105, 110, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 34, 44, 34, 119, 105, 102, 101, 34, 58, 34, 112, 101, 110, 103, 120, 120, 34, 125, 125, 125, 125} _ = string(byteSli) } func BenchmarkUnsafe(b *testing.B) { byteSli := []byte{123, 34, 100, 101, 102, 97, 117, 108, 116, 34, 58, 123, 34, 99, 111, 109, 109, 111, 110, 34, 58, 123, 34, 112, 101, 116, 34, 58, 123, 34, 102, 105, 118, 101, 34, 58, 34, 230, 150, 145, 230, 150, 145, 34, 44, 34, 102, 111, 117, 114, 34, 58, 34, 231, 154, 174, 231, 147, 156, 231, 147, 156, 34, 44, 34, 111, 110, 101, 34, 58, 34, 229, 188, 165, 229, 188, 165, 230, 135, 181, 34, 44, 34, 116, 104, 114, 101, 101, 34, 58, 34, 229, 145, 134, 229, 145, 134, 34, 44, 34, 116, 119, 111, 34, 58, 34, 233, 187, 132, 230, 169, 153, 230, 169, 153, 34, 125, 44, 34, 114, 101, 108, 97, 116, 105, 111, 110, 34, 58, 123, 34, 102, 97, 116, 104, 101, 114, 34, 58, 34, 99, 117, 105, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 34, 44, 34, 109, 111, 116, 104, 101, 114, 34, 58, 34, 121, 105, 110, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 34, 44, 34, 119, 105, 102, 101, 34, 58, 34, 112, 101, 110, 103, 120, 120, 34, 125, 125, 125, 125} _ = *(*string)(unsafe.Pointer(&byteSli)) }
bench_test.go:
package main import ( "testing" ) func BenchmarkTest1(b *testing.B) { for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { BenchmarkString(b) } } func BenchmarkTest2(b *testing.B) { for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { BenchmarkUnsafe(b) } }
执行 go test -test.bench=".*" -benchmem:
goos: darwin goarch: arm64 pkg: xxxx BenchmarkTest1-8 16376076 61.51 ns/op 192 B/op 1 allocs/op BenchmarkTest2-8 34398655 33.49 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op PASS ok xxxx 2.363s
第4行显示了BenchmarkString 执行了16376076次，每次的执行平均时间是61.51纳秒, 每次操作有1次内存分配,每次分配了192Byte大小的内存空间
第5行显示了BenchmarkUnsafe 执行了34398655次，每次的平均执行时间是33.49 纳秒, 无内存分配
可见使用unsafe这种"黑科技"，确实可以少分配一次内存
也可看出，string(byteSli)的方式是深拷贝，为新生成的新字符串新分配了一块内存
string转byte切片
再看一下上面的逆操作
strToByteSli.go:
package main import ( "reflect" "testing" "unsafe" ) func BenchmarkByteStyle(b *testing.B) { str := `{"default":{"common":{"pet":{"five":"斑斑","four":"皮瓜瓜","one":"弥弥懵","three":"呆呆","two":"黄橙橙"},"relation":{"father":"cuixxxxxxx","mother":"yinxxxxx","wife":"pengxx"}}}}` _ = []byte(str) } func BenchmarkWithUnsafe(b *testing.B) { str := `{"default":{"common":{"pet":{"five":"斑斑","four":"皮瓜瓜","one":"弥弥懵","three":"呆呆","two":"黄橙橙"},"relation":{"father":"cuixxxxxxx","mother":"yinxxxxx","wife":"pengxx"}}}}` sh := (*reflect.StringHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&str)) bh := reflect.SliceHeader{ Data: sh.Data, Len: sh.Len, Cap: sh.Len, } _ = *(*[]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&bh)) }
bench_test.go:
package main import ( "testing" ) func BenchmarkTest3(b *testing.B) { for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { BenchmarkByteStyle(b) } } func BenchmarkTest4(b *testing.B) { for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { BenchmarkWithUnsafe(b) } }
执行 go test -test.bench=".*" -benchmem:
goos: darwin goarch: arm64 pkg: xxxx BenchmarkTest3-8 34892566 34.03 ns/op 192 B/op 1 allocs/op BenchmarkTest4-8 1000000000 0.3148 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op PASS ok xxxx 2.873s
第4行显示了BenchmarkByteStyle 执行了34892566次，每次的执行平均时间是34.03纳秒, 每次操作有1次内存分配,每次分配了192Byte大小的内存空间
第5行显示了BenchmarkWithUnsafe 执行了1000000000次，每次的平均执行时间是0.3148纳秒, 无内存分配
使用unsafe不仅可以少分配一次内存，每次的平均执行时间也差了100倍...(而用unsafe 从[]byte到string，和使用string(byteSli)方式，执行时间只快了一倍)
