随着技术的进步,跨平台开发已经成为了标配,在此大背景下,ASP.NET Core也应运而生。本文主要基于ASP.NET Core+Element+Sql Server开发一个校园图书管理系统为例,简述基于MVC三层架构开发的常见知识点,前两篇文章简单介绍了如何搭建开发框架,登录功能以及主页面功能的实现,本篇文章继续讲解书室以及书架相关功能的开发,仅供学习分享使用,如有不足之处,还请指正。
涉及知识点
在本示例中,应用最多的就是如何Element中提供的组件,和控制器中业务逻辑处理,涉及知识点如下所示:
- MVC 是一种使用 MVC(Model View Controller 模型-视图-控制器)设计创建 Web 应用程序的模式,其中Controller(控制器)处理输入(写入数据库记录)。控制器Controller,是应用程序中处理用户交互的部分,通常控制器负责从视图读取数据,控制用户输入,并向模型发送数据。
- Element组件库,一套为开发者、设计师和产品经理准备的基于 Vue 2.0 的桌面端组件库。可以大大提高开发效率,减少工作量。在主页面中,主要用到如下几种:
- 表单控件el-form,由输入框、选择器、单选框、多选框等控件组成,用以收集、校验、提交数据到后台。
- 列表控件el-table,用于展示多条结构类似的数据,可对数据进行排序、筛选、对比或其他自定义操作。主要用户显示结构化列表的数据。
- 分页控件el-pagination,当数据量过多时,使用分页分解数据。
- 弹出窗口el-dialog,在保留当前页面状态的情况下,告知用户并承载相关操作。主要用于弹出新建或编辑窗口。
- axios组件,是一个基于promise 的网络请求库,axios本质上也是对原生XHR的封装,只不过它是Promise的实现版本,符合最新的ES规范。在本示例中,所有的前后端交互,均是通过axios库。
功能介绍
书室管理和书架管理,主要用于管理书籍的存放位置,及对书室和书架的CRUD(增删改查)等基本操作。每一个书室都有很多书架,并根据分类存放不同书籍,所以书室ID是书架ID的外键。两者之间存在对应关系。下面逐一进行介绍。
书室管理
书室管理就是对书室数据表的增删改查操作,相对比较独立,操作起来也比较简单。
1. 书室数据表结构
书室表主要包括Id(唯一标识),Name(图书馆名称),SubName(书室名称),Location(位置),Manager(管理员)等几个字段,具体如下所示
2. 书室数据表实体类
数据表实体类和数据表一一对应,主要通过EntityFrameword与数据库进行映射。如下所示:
namespace CLMS.Entity { /// <summary> /// 图书馆实体 /// </summary> public class LibraryEntity { /// <summary> /// 唯一标识 /// </summary> public int Id { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 图书馆名称 /// </summary> public string? Name { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 图书室名称 /// </summary> public string? SubName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 位置 /// </summary> public string? Location { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 管理员 /// </summary> public string? Manager { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 创建时间 /// </summary> public DateTime CreateTime { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 当前登录的账号的ID /// </summary> public int CreateUser { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 最后编辑时间 /// </summary> public DateTime LastEditTime { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 最后修改人 /// </summary> public int LastEditUser { get; set; } } }
3. 书室页面布局
书室管理,主要用户查询,新增,修改,删除书室等基本操作,页面布局源码如下所示:
<div id="app"> <template> <el-breadcrumb separator-class="el-icon-arrow-right"> <el-breadcrumb-item>书室管理</el-breadcrumb-item> <el-breadcrumb-item>书室管理</el-breadcrumb-item> </el-breadcrumb> <el-form :inline="true" :model="queryCondition" class="demo-form-inline" style="margin-top: 10px; border: solid;border-width: 1px;border-color: #ebeef5;padding: 10px;"> <el-form-item label="图书馆名称"> <el-input v-model="queryCondition.Name" placeholder="图书馆名称"></el-input> </el-form-item> <el-form-item label="书室名称"> <el-input v-model="queryCondition.SubName" placeholder="书室名称"></el-input> </el-form-item> <el-form-item> <el-button type="primary" v-on:click="handleQuery">查询</el-button> </el-form-item> <el-form-item> <el-button type="primary" v-on:click="handleAdd">新增</el-button> </el-form-item> </el-form> <el-table :data="tableData" style="width: 100%" border> <el-table-column prop="Name" label="图书馆名称" sortable></el-table-column> <el-table-column prop="SubName" label="书室名称" sortable></el-table-column> <el-table-column prop="Location" label="位置" sortable></el-table-column> <el-table-column prop="Manager" label="管理员" sortable></el-table-column> <el-table-column prop="CreateTime" label="创建时间" sortable min-width="120"></el-table-column> <el-table-column label="操作"> <template slot-scope="scope"> <el-button size="medium" type="primary" plain v-on:click="handleEdit(scope.$index,scope.row)">编辑</el-button> <el-button size="medium" type="danger" v-on:click="handleDelete(scope.$index,scope.row)">删除</el-button> </template> </el-table-column> </el-table> <el-pagination background layout="prev, pager, next" :page-size="pageSize" :current-page="currentPage" :total="total" style="margin-top:10px;" v-on:current-change="handlePageChanged" v-on:prev-click="handlePrevClick" v-on:next-click="handleNextClick"></el-pagination> <el-dialog title="书室信息" :visible.sync="dialogFormVisible"> <el-form :model="addOrEditForm"> <el-form-item label="图书馆名称" :label-width="formLabelWidth"> <el-input v-model="addOrEditForm.Name" autocomplete="off"></el-input> </el-form-item> <el-form-item label="书室名称" :label-width="formLabelWidth"> <el-input v-model="addOrEditForm.SubName" autocomplete="off"></el-input> </el-form-item> <el-form-item label="位置" :label-width="formLabelWidth"> <el-input v-model="addOrEditForm.Location" autocomplete="off"></el-input> </el-form-item> <el-form-item label="管理员" :label-width="formLabelWidth"> <el-input v-model="addOrEditForm.Manager" autocomplete="off"></el-input> </el-form-item> </el-form> <div slot="footer" class="dialog-footer"> <el-button v-on:click="dialogFormVisible = false">取 消</el-button> <el-button type="primary" v-on:click="handleSave">确 定</el-button> </div> </el-dialog> </template> </div>
4. 书室页面数据交互
数据交互通过JS脚本进行,书写格式和VUE2.0保持一致,在页面启动时,加载所有的书室信息,并绑定到el-table对象,所以需要在mounted函数中增加调用向服务器端发出请求,当用户新增或编辑保存时,通过axios发送请求到服务端接口。
<script> var app= new Vue({ el: '#app', data:function() { return { queryCondition:{ Name: '', SubName: '', }, formLabelWidth: '120px', addOrEditForm:{ ID:0, Name: '', SubName: '', Location:'', Manager:'' }, total:0, pageSize:20, currentPage:1, dialogFormVisible: false, tableData: [] } }, mounted:function(){ this.query(1); }, methods: { handleOpen(key, keyPath) { console.log(key, keyPath); }, handleClose(key, keyPath) { console.log(key, keyPath); }, formatter(row, column) { return row.address; }, handleQuery(){ this.query(1); console.log("query"); }, handlePageChanged(val){ this.query(val); }, handlePrevClick(val){ //this.query(this.currentPage); }, handleNextClick(val){ //this.query(this.currentPage); }, handleEdit(index,row){ console.log("当前index="+index); console.log(row); this.addOrEditForm.Id=row.Id; this.addOrEditForm.Name=row.Name; this.addOrEditForm.SubName=row.SubName; this.addOrEditForm.Location=row.Location; this.addOrEditForm.Manager=row.Manager; this.dialogFormVisible=true; }, handleDelete(index,row){ console.log("当前index="+index); console.log(row); this.$confirm('确定要删除编号为'+row.Id+'的书室吗?', '提示', { confirmButtonText: '确定', cancelButtonText: '取消', type: 'warning' }).then(() => { var that=this; axios.post('/Library/Delete', { Id:row.Id }).then(function (response) { if(response.status==200){ var msg = response.data; console.log(msg); if(msg.code=="0"){ //刷新页面 that.$message({ type: 'success', message: '删除成功!' }); that.query(1); }else{ that.$message.error(msg.message); } } console.log(response); }).catch(function (error) { that.$message.error(error); }); console.log("delete"); }).catch(() => { this.$message({ type: 'info', message: '已取消删除' }); }); }, handleAdd(){ this.addOrEditForm.Id=0; this.addOrEditForm.Name=''; this.addOrEditForm.SubName=''; this.addOrEditForm.Location=''; this.addOrEditForm.Manager=''; this.dialogFormVisible=true; console.log("add"); }, handleSave(){ var that=this; axios.post('/Library/Add', { Id:this.addOrEditForm.Id, Name:this.addOrEditForm.Name, SubName:this.addOrEditForm.SubName, Location:this.addOrEditForm.Location, Manager:this.addOrEditForm.Manager }).then(function (response) { if(response.status==200){ var msg = response.data; console.log(msg); if(msg.code=="0"){ that.dialogFormVisible=false; //刷新页面 that.query(1); }else{ window.alert(msg.message); } console.log(that.dialogFormVisible); } console.log(response); }).catch(function (error) { console.log(error); }); console.log("save"); }, query(pageNum){ var that = this; this.tableData=[]; console.log("query"); axios.get('/Library/Query',{params: { Name:this.queryCondition.Name, SubName:this.queryCondition.SubName, PageSize:this.pageSize, PageNum:pageNum }}).then(function (response) { if(response.status==200){ var data = response.data; var count=data.count; that.total = count; for (let i = 0; i < data.items.length; i++) { that.tableData.push({ Id: data.items[i].id, Name: data.items[i].name, SubName: data.items[i].subName, Location: data.items[i].location, Manager:data.items[i].manager, CreateTime: data.items[i].createTime, }); } } console.log(that.tableData); console.log(response); }).catch(function (error) { console.log(error); }); } } }); </script>
5. 书室控制器逻辑LibraryController
控制器主要用于响应用户的请求,与数据库交互,并返回执行的结果信息。
namespace CLMS.Host.Controllers { public class LibraryController : Controller { private DataContext dataContext; public LibraryController(DataContext context) { dataContext = context; } public IActionResult Index() { return View(); } /// <summary> /// 获取符合条件的查询 /// </summary> /// <param name="Name"></param> /// <param name="Publisher"></param> /// <param name="pageNum"></param> /// <param name="pageSize"></param> /// <returns></returns> [HttpGet] public PagedRequest<Library> Query(string Name, string SubName, int pageNum, int pageSize) { Name = string.IsNullOrEmpty(Name) ? string.Empty : Name; SubName = string.IsNullOrEmpty( SubName) ? string.Empty:SubName; var entities = dataContext.Librarys.Where(r => r.Name.Contains(Name) && r.SubName.Contains(SubName)); var total = entities.Count(); var dtos = entities.Skip((pageNum - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize).Select(r => new Library() { Id = r.Id, Name = r.Name, SubName=r.SubName,Location=r.Location,Manager=r.Manager, CreateTime = r.CreateTime }).ToList(); return new PagedRequest<Library>() { count = total, items = dtos, }; } /// <summary> /// 查询所有信息 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> [HttpGet] public List<Library> QueryAll() { var dtos = dataContext.Librarys.Select(r=> new Library() { Id = r.Id, Name = r.Name, SubName = r.SubName}).ToList(); return dtos; } [Consumes("application/json")] [HttpPost] public Msg Add([FromBody] Library library) { Msg msg = new Msg(); if (library == null) { msg.code = 1; msg.message = "对象为空"; return msg; } else { var userId= HttpContext.Session.GetInt32("UserId"); if (library.Id > 0) { //更新 var entity = dataContext.Librarys.Where(r => r.Id == library.Id).FirstOrDefault(); if (entity != null) { entity.Name = library.Name; entity.SubName = library.SubName; entity.Location = library.Location; entity.Manager= library.Manager; entity.LastEditUser = userId.GetValueOrDefault(); entity.LastEditTime = DateTime.Now; dataContext.Librarys.Update(entity); dataContext.SaveChanges(); } else { msg.code = 1; msg.message = "修改失败"; return msg; } } else { //新增 var entity = new LibraryEntity() { Id = library.Id, Name = library.Name, SubName = library.SubName, Location = library.Location, Manager = library.Manager, CreateTime = DateTime.Now, CreateUser = userId.GetValueOrDefault(), LastEditTime = DateTime.Now, LastEditUser = userId.GetValueOrDefault(), }; dataContext.Librarys.Add(entity); dataContext.SaveChanges(); } msg.code = 0; msg.message = "success"; return msg; } } [Consumes("application/json")] [HttpPost] public Msg Delete([FromBody] Library library) { Msg msg = new Msg(); if (library == null) { msg.code = 1; msg.message = "对象为空"; return msg; } else { if (library.Id > 0) { var entity = dataContext.Librarys.Where(r => r.Id == library.Id).FirstOrDefault(); if (entity != null) { dataContext.Librarys.Remove(entity); dataContext.SaveChanges(); msg.code = 0; msg.message = "success"; } else { msg.code = 1; msg.message = "对象不存在或已被删除"; } } else { msg.code = 1; msg.message = "对象Id小于0"; } return msg; } } } }