食物图片分类

项目描述

训练一个简单的卷积神经网络，实现食物图片的分类。

数据集介绍

本次使用的数据集为food-11数据集，共有11类

Bread, Dairy product, Dessert, Egg, Fried food, Meat, Noodles/Pasta, Rice, Seafood, Soup, and Vegetable/Fruit.

（面包，乳制品，甜点，鸡蛋，油炸食品，肉类，面条/意大利面，米饭，海鲜，汤，蔬菜/水果）

Training set: 9866张

Validation set: 3430张

Testing set: 3347张

数据格式

下载 zip 档后解压缩会有三个资料夹，分别为training、validation 以及 testing

training 以及 validation 中的照片名称格式为 [类别]_[编号].jpg，例如 3_100.jpg 即为类别 3 的照片（编号不重要）

实现方式

paddlepaddle

思路方法

解压数据集
查看数据内容：training、validation 和 testing文件夹
类似于work/food-11/training/0_101.jpg 文件
[类别]_[编号].jpg
制作图片和标签文档
继承paddle.io.dataset类生成数据集
创建CNN网络
训练数据
测试数据

说明：

本项目素材和内容源于李宏毅老师课程，但是是使用飞桨实现的！

本项目仅仅是跑通了，对于准确率没有要求和细细琢磨，仅供参考！

# !unzip -d work data/data75768/food-11.zip # 解压缩food-11数据集

import paddle
print(f'当前Paddle版本：{paddle.__version__}')

当前Paddle版本：2.0.1

import os
import paddle
import paddle.vision.transforms as T
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
import paddle.nn.functional as F

读取文件

data_path = '/home/aistudio/work/food-11/'  # 设置初始文件地址
character_folders = os.listdir(data_path)  # 查看地址下文件夹
character_folders

['testing', 'validation', 'training']

data = '10_alksn'
data[0:data.rfind('_', 1)]   # 判断_位置并截取下划线前面数据

'10'

# 新建标签列表
if(os.path.exists('./training_set.txt')):  # 判断有误文件
    os.remove('./training_set.txt')  # 删除文件
if(os.path.exists('./validation_set.txt')):
    os.remove('./validation_set.txt')
if(os.path.exists('./testing_set.txt')):
    os.remove('./testing_set.txt')
for character_folder in character_folders:  #  循环文件夹列表
    with open(f'./{character_folder}_set.txt', 'a') as f_train:  # 新建文档以追加的形式写入
        character_imgs = os.listdir(os.path.join(data_path,character_folder))  # 读取文件夹下面的内容
        count = 0
        if character_folder in 'testing':  # 检查是否是训练集
            for img in character_imgs:  # 循环列表
                f_train.write(os.path.join(data_path,character_folder,img) + '\n')  # 把地址写入文档
                count += 1
            print(character_folder,count)  # 输出文件夹及图片数量
        else:
            for img in character_imgs:
                f_train.write(os.path.join(data_path,character_folder,img) + '\t' + img[0:img.rfind('_', 1)] + '\n')  # 写入地址及标签
                count += 1
            print(character_folder,count)

testing 3347
validation 3430
training 9866

# 测验下面类中__init__输出内容
with open(f'training_set.txt') as f:  # 查看文件内容
    for line in f.readlines():  # 逐行读取
        info = line.strip().split('\t')  # 以\t为切换符生成列表
        # print(info)
        if len(info) > 0:  # 列表不为空
            print([info[0].strip(), info[1].strip()])  # 输出内容
        break

['/home/aistudio/work/food-11/training/2_1043.jpg', '2']

# 继承paddle.io.Dataset对数据集做处理
class FoodDataset(paddle.io.Dataset):
    """
    数据集类的定义（注释见上方）
    """
    def __init__(self, mode='training_set'):
        """
        初始化函数
        """
        self.data = []
        with open(f'{mode}_set.txt') as f:
            for line in f.readlines():
                info = line.strip().split('\t')
                if len(info) > 0:
                    self.data.append([info[0].strip(), info[1].strip()])  
    def __getitem__(self, index):
        """
        读取图片，对图片进行归一化处理，返回图片和 标签
        """
        image_file, label = self.data[index]  # 获取数据
        img = Image.open(image_file)  # 读取图片
        img = img.resize((100, 100), Image.ANTIALIAS)  # 图片大小样式归一化
        img = np.array(img).astype('float32')  # 转换成数组类型浮点型32位
        img = img.transpose((2, 0, 1))     #读出来的图像是rgb,rgb,rbg..., 转置为 rrr...,ggg...,bbb...
        img = img/255.0  # 数据缩放到0-1的范围
        return img, np.array(label, dtype='int64')
    def __len__(self):
        """
        获取样本总数
        """
        return len(self.data)

# 训练的数据提供器
train_dataset = FoodDataset(mode='training')
# 测试的数据提供器
eval_dataset = FoodDataset(mode='validation')
# 查看训练和测试数据的大小
print('train大小：', train_dataset.__len__())
print('eval大小：', eval_dataset.__len__())
# 查看图片数据、大小及标签
for data, label in train_dataset:
    print(data)
    print(np.array(data).shape)
    print(label)
    break

train大小： 9866
eval大小： 3430
[[[0.30588236 0.2509804  0.1882353  ... 0.19607843 0.19607843 0.19215687]
  [0.23921569 0.19607843 0.13725491 ... 0.19607843 0.1882353  0.18039216]
  [0.02352941 0.01176471 0.00392157 ... 0.19607843 0.18039216 0.1764706 ]
  ...
  [0.50980395 0.5137255  0.5176471  ... 0.5372549  0.5372549  0.52156866]
  [0.5137255  0.5137255  0.5137255  ... 0.5411765  0.53333336 0.5176471 ]
  [0.5176471  0.5137255  0.50980395 ... 0.52156866 0.5176471  0.5176471 ]]
 [[0.27058825 0.21568628 0.15294118 ... 0.00392157 0.         0.        ]
  [0.20392157 0.14117648 0.09411765 ... 0.00392157 0.         0.        ]
  [0.01568628 0.00784314 0.00392157 ... 0.00784314 0.00392157 0.        ]
  ...
  [0.45490196 0.45882353 0.45882353 ... 0.4862745  0.47843137 0.4745098 ]
  [0.45490196 0.45882353 0.4627451  ... 0.47843137 0.46666667 0.46666667]
  [0.4509804  0.45490196 0.45882353 ... 0.47058824 0.46666667 0.45882353]]
 [[0.14509805 0.12156863 0.05098039 ... 0.00392157 0.00784314 0.00392157]
  [0.06666667 0.04313726 0.01960784 ... 0.00392157 0.00392157 0.        ]
  [0.         0.00784314 0.00784314 ... 0.00784314 0.00392157 0.00392157]
  ...
  [0.33333334 0.32941177 0.33333334 ... 0.4        0.40392157 0.40784314]
  [0.32941177 0.32941177 0.32941177 ... 0.4        0.4        0.3882353 ]
  [0.3137255  0.33333334 0.3372549  ... 0.39215687 0.39607844 0.38431373]]]
(3, 100, 100)
2

卷积神经网络示意图

# 继承paddle.nn.Layer类，用于搭建模型
class MyCNN(paddle.nn.Layer):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MyCNN,self).__init__()
        self.conv0 = paddle.nn.Conv2D(in_channels=3, out_channels=20, kernel_size=5, padding=0)  # 二维卷积层
        self.pool0 = paddle.nn.MaxPool2D(kernel_size =2, stride =2)  # 最大池化层
        self._batch_norm_0 = paddle.nn.BatchNorm2D(num_features = 20)  # 归一层
        self.conv1 = paddle.nn.Conv2D(in_channels=20, out_channels=50, kernel_size=5, padding=0)
        self.pool1 = paddle.nn.MaxPool2D(kernel_size =2, stride =2)
        self._batch_norm_1 = paddle.nn.BatchNorm2D(num_features = 50)
        self.conv2 = paddle.nn.Conv2D(in_channels=50, out_channels=50, kernel_size=5, padding=0)
        self.pool2 = paddle.nn.MaxPool2D(kernel_size =2, stride =2)
        self.fc1 = paddle.nn.Linear(in_features=4050, out_features=218)  # 线性层
        self.fc2 = paddle.nn.Linear(in_features=218, out_features=100)
        self.fc3 = paddle.nn.Linear(in_features=100, out_features=11)
    def forward(self,input):
        # 将输入数据的样子该变成[1,3,100,100]
        input = paddle.reshape(input,shape=[-1,3,100,100])  # 转换维读
        # print(input.shape)
        x = self.conv0(input)  #数据输入卷积层
        x = F.relu(x)  # 激活层
        x = self.pool0(x)  # 池化层
        x = self._batch_norm_0(x)  # 归一层
        x = self.conv1(x)
        x = F.relu(x)
        x = self.pool1(x)
        x = self._batch_norm_1(x)
        x = self.conv2(x)
        x = F.relu(x)
        x = self.pool2(x)
        x = paddle.reshape(x, [x.shape[0], -1])
        # print(x.shape)
        x = self.fc1(x)  # 线性层
        x = F.relu(x)
        x = self.fc2(x)
        x = F.relu(x)
        x = self.fc3(x)
        y = F.softmax(x)  # 分类器
        return y

network = MyCNN()  # 模型实例化
paddle.summary(network, (1,3,100,100))  # 模型结构查看

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Layer (type)       Input Shape          Output Shape         Param #    
===========================================================================
   Conv2D-1      [[1, 3, 100, 100]]    [1, 20, 96, 96]         1,520     
  MaxPool2D-1    [[1, 20, 96, 96]]     [1, 20, 48, 48]           0       
 BatchNorm2D-1   [[1, 20, 48, 48]]     [1, 20, 48, 48]          80       
   Conv2D-2      [[1, 20, 48, 48]]     [1, 50, 44, 44]        25,050     
  MaxPool2D-2    [[1, 50, 44, 44]]     [1, 50, 22, 22]           0       
 BatchNorm2D-2   [[1, 50, 22, 22]]     [1, 50, 22, 22]          200      
   Conv2D-3      [[1, 50, 22, 22]]     [1, 50, 18, 18]        62,550     
  MaxPool2D-3    [[1, 50, 18, 18]]      [1, 50, 9, 9]            0       
   Linear-1         [[1, 4050]]            [1, 218]           883,118    
   Linear-2          [[1, 218]]            [1, 100]           21,900     
   Linear-3          [[1, 100]]            [1, 11]             1,111     
===========================================================================
Total params: 995,529
Trainable params: 995,249
Non-trainable params: 280
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Input size (MB): 0.11
Forward/backward pass size (MB): 3.37
Params size (MB): 3.80
Estimated Total Size (MB): 7.29
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    {'total_params': 995529, 'trainable_params': 995249}

model = paddle.Model(network)  # 模型封装
# 配置优化器、损失函数、评估指标
model.prepare(paddle.optimizer.Adam(learning_rate=0.0001, parameters=model.parameters()), 
              paddle.nn.CrossEntropyLoss(), 
              paddle.metric.Accuracy())
# 训练可视化VisualDL工具的回调函数
visualdl = paddle.callbacks.VisualDL(log_dir='visualdl_log')   
# 启动模型全流程训练
model.fit(train_dataset,  # 训练数据集
          eval_dataset,   # 评估数据集
          epochs=5,       # 训练的总轮次
          batch_size=64,  # 训练使用的批大小
          verbose=1,      # 日志展示形式
          callbacks=[visualdl])  # 设置可视化

The loss value printed in the log is the current step, and the metric is the average value of previous step.
Epoch 1/5
step 155/155 [==============================] - loss: 2.5430 - acc: 0.1008 - 473ms/step        
Eval begin...
The loss value printed in the log is the current batch, and the metric is the average value of previous step.
step 54/54 [==============================] - loss: 2.5167 - acc: 0.1055 - 557ms/step         
Eval samples: 3430
Epoch 2/5
step 155/155 [==============================] - loss: 2.4430 - acc: 0.1008 - 473ms/step         
Eval begin...
The loss value printed in the log is the current batch, and the metric is the average value of previous step.
step 54/54 [==============================] - loss: 2.5167 - acc: 0.1055 - 559ms/step         
Eval samples: 3430
Epoch 3/5
step 155/155 [==============================] - loss: 2.4430 - acc: 0.1008 - 475ms/step         
Eval begin...
The loss value printed in the log is the current batch, and the metric is the average value of previous step.
step 54/54 [==============================] - loss: 2.5167 - acc: 0.1055 - 558ms/step         
Eval samples: 3430
Epoch 4/5
step 155/155 [==============================] - loss: 2.5430 - acc: 0.1008 - 474ms/step        
Eval begin...
The loss value printed in the log is the current batch, and the metric is the average value of previous step.
step 54/54 [==============================] - loss: 2.5167 - acc: 0.1055 - 560ms/step         
Eval samples: 3430
Epoch 5/5
step 155/155 [==============================] - loss: 2.4430 - acc: 0.1008 - 474ms/step         
Eval begin...
The loss value printed in the log is the current batch, and the metric is the average value of previous step.
step 54/54 [==============================] - loss: 2.5167 - acc: 0.1055 - 557ms/step         
Eval samples: 3430

model.save('finetuning/mnist')  # 保存模型

def openimg():  # 读取图片函数
    with open(f'testing_set.txt') as f:  #读取文件夹
        test_img = []
        txt =  []
        for line in f.readlines():  # 循环读取每一行
            img = Image.open(line[:-1])  # 打开图片
            img = img.resize((100, 100), Image.ANTIALIAS)  # 大小归一化
            img = np.array(img).astype('float32')  # 转换成 数组
            img = img.transpose((2, 0, 1))     #读出来的图像是rgb,rgb,rbg..., 转置为 rrr...,ggg...,bbb...
            img = img/255.0  # 缩放
            txt.append(line[:-1])  # 生成列表
            test_img.append(img)  
        return txt,test_img
img_path, img = openimg()  # 读取列表

from PIL import Image
site = 255  # 读取图片位置
model_state_dict = paddle.load('finetuning/mnist.pdparams')  # 读取模型
model = MyCNN()  # 实例化模型
model.set_state_dict(model_state_dict) 
model.eval()
ceshi = model(paddle.to_tensor(img[site]))  # 测试
print('预测的结果为:', np.argmax(ceshi.numpy()))  # 获取值
Image.open(img_path[site])  # 显示图片