Ubuntu 18.04 通过 Minikube 安装 Kubernetes v1.20
tags: kubernetes,部署,minikube
文章目录
Ubuntu 18.04 通过 Minikube 安装 Kubernetes v1.20
1. 关闭swap
2. 安装依赖tools
3. 添加阿里云镜像
4. 安装 Docker、kubectl、kubeadm
5. 配置阿里云 Docker 镜像加速器
6. 安装 Minikube
7. 检查
8. 常用命令
9.异常
9.1 部署异常
10. 部署应用程序
11. 集群启动与停止
1. 关闭swap
swapoff -a
2. 安装依赖tools
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common conntra
由于国内网络的不稳定性，我们需要将相关镜像源切换为国内阿里云的镜像
3. 添加阿里云镜像
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add - cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main EOF sudo apt-get update
4. 安装 Docker、kubectl、kubeadm
#查看docker版本 $ sudo apt-cache madison docker.io docker.io | 19.03.6-0ubuntu1~18.04.3 | http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages docker.io | 19.03.6-0ubuntu1~18.04.2 | http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages docker.io | 17.12.1-0ubuntu1 | http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages sudo apt-get install -y docker.io kubectl kubeadm
5. 配置阿里云 Docker 镜像加速器
这里采用了阿里云的镜像加速器（需要阿里云账号进行登录），地址：阿里云 -> 容器镜像服务 -> 镜像工具 -> 镜像加速器
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF' { "registry-mirrors": ["https://xxxxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] } EOF sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl restart docker
以上配置是阿里云镜像加速器中的配置，本文中这一块儿是直接从阿里云镜像加速器中的配置说明复制的，大家根据自己的情况在阿里云镜像加速器中去复制。
6. 安装 Minikube
目前最新 v1.24.0，查看最新版：https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/releases
如果curl无法下载，也可以通过手动下载并上传到服务器的形式
curl -Lo minikube https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/releases/download/v1.17.1/minikube-linux-amd64 && chmod +x minikube && sudo mv minikube /usr/local/bin/
使用 Minikube 创建 Kubernetes
格式1
minikube start --vm-driver=none --apiserver-ips=<your-server-ip> --image-mirror-country cn \ --iso-url=https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/minikube/iso/minikube-v1.17.1.iso \ --registry-mirror=https://xxxxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com \ --image-repository=https://registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
此处的 registry-mirror 是阿里云的镜像加速器的 mirror，换成你自己的即可; apiserver-ips 则是你服务器的IP，我的是https://q2hy3fzi.mirror.aliyuncs.com，因为如果需要远程访问的话，需要将服务器的IP进行暴露，同样换成你自己的服务器IP即可.
执行命令：
minikube start --vm-driver=none --apiserver-ips=192.168.211.55 --image-mirror-country cn
输出内容：
* minikube v1.17.1 on Ubuntu 18.04 * Using the none driver based on existing profile X The requested memory allocation of 1970MiB does not leave room for system overhead (total system memory: 1970MiB). You may face stability issues. * Suggestion: Start minikube with less memory allocated: 'minikube start --memory=1970mb' * Starting control plane node minikube in cluster minikube * Restarting existing none bare metal machine for "minikube" ... * OS release is Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS * Preparing Kubernetes v1.20.2 on Docker 19.03.6 ... - kubelet.resolv-conf=/run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf - Generating certificates and keys ... - Booting up control plane ... - Configuring RBAC rules ... * Configuring local host environment ... * ! The 'none' driver is designed for experts who need to integrate with an existing VM * Most users should use the newer 'docker' driver instead, which does not require root! * For more information, see: https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/drivers/none/ * ! kubectl and minikube configuration will be stored in /root ! To use kubectl or minikube commands as your own user, you may need to relocate them. For example, to overwrite your own settings, run: * - sudo mv /root/.kube /root/.minikube $HOME - sudo chown -R $USER $HOME/.kube $HOME/.minikube * * This can also be done automatically by setting the env var CHANGE_MINIKUBE_NONE_USER=true * Verifying Kubernetes components... * Enabled addons: storage-provisioner, default-storageclass * Done! kubectl is now configured to use "minikube" cluster and "default" namespace by default
如果不出意外的话，由 minikube 创建的单机 Kubernetes 环境就成功了。
7. 检查
root@spectre:~# kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION spectre Ready control-plane,master 68s v1.20.2 root@spectre:~# kubectl get pods -A NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE kube-system coredns-7f89b7bc75-774mp 1/1 Running 0 5m53s kube-system etcd-spectre 1/1 Running 0 6m7s kube-system kube-apiserver-spectre 1/1 Running 0 6m7s kube-system kube-controller-manager-spectre 1/1 Running 0 6m7s kube-system kube-proxy-swbhc 1/1 Running 0 5m53s kube-system kube-scheduler-spectre 1/1 Running 0 6m7s kube-system storage-provisioner 1/1 Running 0 6m6s root@spectre:~# kubectl cluster-info Kubernetes control plane is running at https://192.168.211.55:8443 KubeDNS is running at https://192.168.211.55:8443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.
8. 常用命令
# 进入集群节点 minikube ssh # 查看节点 IP minikube ip # 停止集群 minikube stop # 删除集群 minikube delete
9.异常
9.1 部署异常
解决方法
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/storage-provisioner:v5 docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/storage-provisioner:v5 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/k8s-minikube/storage-provisioner:v5 minikube image load registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/k8s-minikube/storage-provisioner:v5
10. 部署应用程序
创建一个示例部署并在端口 8080 上公开它：
kubectl create deployment hello-minikube --image=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/echoserver:1.4 deployment.apps/hello-minikube created kubectl expose deployment hello-minikube --type=NodePort --port=8080 kubectl get services hello-minikube
11. 集群启动与停止
当我们需要修改docker配置等需要集群停止的需求可以执行命令：
minikube stop
当修改完配置
minikube start
参考：
kind 部署 kubernetes 集群
Minikube 在ubuntu 部署 Kubernetes
Minikube 在 Centos 7 部署 Kubernetes
kubeadm 部署 kubernetes 集群
更多Minikube细节请参考官方
kubernetes 快速学习手册
