Unity 接入高德开放API - 天气查询-阿里云开发者社区

Unity 接入高德开放API - 天气查询

2022-09-06 210

简介： Unity 接入高德开放API - 天气查询

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接入接口前首先申请应用密钥Key，登录高德开发者开放平台，创建应用，获取密钥。

天气查询API服务地址：https://restapi.amap.com/v3/weather/weatherInfo?parameters，需以Get请求方式调用，parameters代表所有参数，参数以&进行分隔。

前两个参数为必填参数，extensions传入base代表实况天气，all代表预报天气，定义枚举用以区分：

public enum GetDataType
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 获取实况天气
    /// </summary>
    Lives,
    /// <summary>
    /// 获取预报天气
    /// </summary>
    Forecast
}

这里我们以JSON格式解析接口响应数据，所以output传入JSON。最终封装Weather天气类：

using System;
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine.Networking;
[AddComponentMenu("")]
public class Weather : MonoBehaviour
{
    private static Weather instance;
    public static Weather Instance
    {
        get
        {
            if (instance == null)
            {
                instance = new GameObject("[Weather]").AddComponent<Weather>();
                DontDestroyOnLoad(instance);
            }
            return instance;
        }
    }
    //密钥 于高德开发者平台创建应用申请获得
    private const string key = "";
    public enum GetDataType
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取实况天气
        /// </summary>
        Lives,
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取预报天气
        /// </summary>
        Forecast
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 获取天气数据
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="city">城市编码</param>
    /// <param name="callback">回调函数</param>
    public void Get(string city, GetDataType type, Action<string> callback)
    {
        StartCoroutine(SendWebRequest(city, type, callback));
    }
    private IEnumerator SendWebRequest(string city, GetDataType type, Action<string> callback)
    {
        //url拼接
        string url = string.Format("https://restapi.amap.com/v3/weather/weatherInfo?key={0}&city={1}&extensions={2}", key, city, type == GetDataType.Lives ? "base" : "all");
        //GET方式调用API服务
        using (UnityWebRequest request = UnityWebRequest.Get(url))
        {
            DateTime beginTime = DateTime.Now;
            yield return request.SendWebRequest();
            DateTime endTime = DateTime.Now;
            if (request.result == UnityWebRequest.Result.Success)
            {
                Debug.Log($"{beginTime} 发起网络请求 于 {endTime} 收到响应：\r\n{request.downloadHandler.text}");
                callback.Invoke(request.downloadHandler.text);
            }
            else
            {
                Debug.Log($"发起网络请求失败：{request.error}");
            }
        }
    }
    private void OnDestroy()
    {
        instance = null;
    }
}

调用实况天气数据测试(320115代表南京市江宁区，具体城市区域编码参考城市编码表，于高德开放平台下载)：

Weather.Instance.Get("320115", Weather.GetDataType.Lives, data => { });

调用预测天气数据测试：

Weather.Instance.Get("320115", Weather.GetDataType.Forecast, data => { });

最终运用接口响应的数据，需要定义响应数据结构，将字符串数据反序列化为我们定义的类，参数说明：

using System;
[Serializable]
/// <summary>
/// 天气API响应数据结构
/// </summary>
public class WeatherResponse
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 返回状态 1成功/0失败
    /// </summary>
    public int status;
    /// <summary>
    /// 返回结果总数目
    /// </summary>
    public int count;
    /// <summary>
    /// 返回的状态信息
    /// </summary>
    public string info;
    /// <summary>
    /// 返回状态说明 10000代表正确
    /// </summary>
    public int infoCode;
    /// <summary>
    /// 实况天气数据信息
    /// </summary>
    public WeatherLive[] lives;
    /// <summary>
    /// 预报天气信息数据
    /// </summary>
    public WeatherForecast[] forecast;
}
[Serializable]
/// <summary>
/// 实况天气数据
/// </summary>
public class WeatherLive
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 省份名
    /// </summary>
    public string province;
    /// <summary>
    /// 城市名
    /// </summary>
    public string city;
    /// <summary>
    /// 区域编码
    /// </summary>
    public string adcode;
    /// <summary>
    /// 天气现象（汉字描述）
    /// </summary>
    public string weather;
    /// <summary>
    /// 实时气温 单位：摄氏度
    /// </summary>
    public int temperature;
    /// <summary>
    ///风向描述 
    /// </summary>
    public string winddirection;
    /// <summary>
    /// 风力级别 单位：级
    /// </summary>
    public int windpower;
    /// <summary>
    /// 空气适度
    /// </summary>
    public int humidity;
    /// <summary>
    /// 数据发布时间
    /// </summary>
    public string reporttime;
}
[Serializable]
/// <summary>
/// 预报天气数据
/// </summary>
public class WeatherForecast
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 省份名称
    /// </summary>
    public string province;
    /// <summary>
    /// 城市名称
    /// </summary>
    public string city;
    /// <summary>
    /// 城市编码
    /// </summary>
    public int adcode;
    /// <summary>
    /// 预报发布时间
    /// </summary>
    public string reporttime;
    /// <summary>
    /// 预报数据列表
    /// </summary>
    public CastInfo[] casts;
}
[Serializable]
public class CastInfo
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 日期
    /// </summary>
    public string date;
    /// <summary>
    /// 星期几
    /// </summary>
    public int week;
    /// <summary>
    /// 白天天气现象
    /// </summary>
    public string dayweather;
    /// <summary>
    /// 晚上天气现象
    /// </summary>
    public string nightweather;
    /// <summary>
    /// 白天温度
    /// </summary>
    public int daytemp;
    /// <summary>
    /// 晚上温度
    /// </summary>
    public int nighttemp;
    /// <summary>
    /// 白天风向
    /// </summary>
    public string daywind;
    /// <summary>
    /// 晚上风向
    /// </summary>
    public string nightwind;
    /// <summary>
    /// 白天风力
    /// </summary>
    public int daypower;
    /// <summary>
    /// 晚上风力
    /// </summary>
    public int nightpower;
}

使用Unity内置序列化/反序列化工具类JsonUtility将数据反序列化：

Weather.Instance.Get("320115", Weather.GetDataType.Forecast, data =>
{
    WeatherResponse response = JsonUtility.FromJson<WeatherResponse>(data);
    //TODO
});