一、安装配置数据库（master\slave）
系统信息：
192.168.1.20 gserver20(master)
192.168.1.21 gserver21(slave)
1.建立目录
mkdir /opt/pgsql-9.3.1
mkdir /opt/pgdata/main
mkdir /opt/pgdata/archive
2.建立postgres用户
adduser postgres
chown -R postgres /opt/pgdata/
3.设置密码
# passwd postgres
Changing password for user postgres.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is too simplistic/systematic
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
#
4.设置用户环境变量
su - postgres
vi .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
export PGHOME=/opt/pgsql-9.3.1
export PGDATA=/opt/pgdata/main
export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
[postgres@gserver21 ~]$
5.安装postgresql
./configure --prefix=/opt/pgsql-9.3.1
gmake
su
gmake install
二、配置stream replication
1.master
1)切换到postgres用户
$su - postgres
2）初始化数据库
$initdb
3）配置pg_hba.conf
在# IPv4 local connections下面添加一行，设置PostgreSQL的访问及其权限
host all all 192.168.111.1/24 trust
在# replication privilege.下面添加一行，设置replication用户及权限
host replication postgres 192.168.111.1/24 trust
4）配置postgresql.conf
配置监听，修改listen_addresses = 'localhost'
listen_addresses = '*'# what IP address(es) to listen on;
配置Primary Replication参数
wal_level = hot_standby
max_wal_senders = 5
wal_keep_segments = 32
archive_mode = on
archive_command = 'cp %p /opt/pgdata/archive/%f < /dev/null'
"/opt/pgdata/archive"是Replication的archive的存储路径。PostgreSQL会将Replication的WAL保存在 "/opt/pgdata/archive"路径下。
5) 启动Primary上的PostgreSQL数据库
$pg_ctl start
6) 在primary上执行以下命令
$psql -c "SELECT pg_start_backup('label', true)"
将Primary的PGDATA目录下的文件，除了postmaster.pid复制到Standby节点的“/opt/pgdata/main”目录下，该目录是 Standby节点上的
PostgreSQL数据库的PGDATA目录。
$rsync -a ${PGDATA}/ postgres@192.168.1.21:/opt/pgdata/main --exclude postmaster.pid
$psql -c "SELECT pg_stop_backup()"
2.standby
su - postgres
PGDATA=/opt/pgdata/main
Standby节点的PGDATA路径就是Primary节点的PGDATA的副本
1）配置postgresql.conf
设置hot_standby为
hot_standby= on
2）编辑recovery.conf，文件路径为$(PGDATA)/recovery.conf，内容为
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specifies whether to start the server as a standby. In streaming replication,
# this parameter must to be set to on.
standby_mode='on'
# Specifies a connection string which is used for the standby server to connect
# with the primary.
primary_conninfo= 'host=192.168.1.20 port=5432 user=postgres'
# Specifies a trigger file whose presence should cause streaming replication to
# end (i.e., failover).
trigger_file = '/opt/pgdata/trigger'
# Specifies a command to load archive segments from the WAL archive. If
# wal_keep_segments is a high enough number to retain the WAL segments
# required for the standby server, this may not be necessary. But
# a large workload can cause segments to be recycled before the standby
# is fully synchronized, requiring you to start again from a new base backup.
restore_command = 'cp /opt/pgdata/archive/%f %p'
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3)复制pg_xlog下的所有文件到/opt/pgdata/archive目录下
cd /opt/pgdata/main/pg_xlog
mv * ../../archive
4)启动standby节点，完成Replication
pg_ctl start
3.完成Streaming Replication配置。
本文转自 pgmia 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/heyiyi/1343875
