查看openstack的运行状态
nova节点 nova service-list （nova-scheduler、nova-conductor、nova-cert、nova-consoleauth）监控服务状态时除nova-consoleauth中有一台作为准备down状态外其余为up
neutron节点 neutron agent-list (Metadata agent、DHCP agent、Open vSwitch agent） 监控状态时非:-)时为异常
cinder节点 cinder service-list (cinder-backup、cinder-scheduler、cinder-volume) 监控状态时非up时为异常
注：
监控采用api的方式获取，命令加入--debug即可获得api请求cinder --debug service-list
查看云主机信息
特定tenant下所有云主机 nova list
所有tenant下的云主机信息 nova list --all-tenants (admin keyfile)
注：nova api配置限制返回条目nova.conf
# The maximum number of items returned in a single response# from a collection resource (integer value)osapi_max_limit=1000
根据IP过滤查询 nova list --all-tenant --ip 10.199.133.152
keyfile文件示例
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cat
keystonerc_admin
export
OS_USERNAME=admin
export
OS_TENANT_NAME=admin
export
OS_PASSWORD=openstack_pass
export
OS_AUTH_URL=http:
//keystone_ip
:5000
/v2
.0/
export
PS1=
'[\u@\h \W(keystone_admin)]\$ '
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查看详细信息 nova show uuid
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+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | qa-zone |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | hh-yun-compute-130128.vclound.com |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | hh-yun-compute-130128.vclound.com |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-00021e62 |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 1 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | - |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | active |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | 2017-01-04T06:39:22.000000 |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| QATOOL_NET network | 10.199.133.152 |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| availability_zone | qa-zone |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2017-01-04T06:38:18Z |
| flavor | 4core-4g (dc98e6d6-143f-42c2-9482-ee6efb04ff7e) |
| hostId | 38e138eb165ba7732ce3f40b6830eb158ef8788bdc4279c63e2a024f |
|
id
| e2bbc0ff-a16a-4dea-8c5e-1e9bb7445c13 |
| image | Centos7_Generic_1503 (5aa770b3-8636-4532-9ffd-e1b0dca982be) |
| key_name | - |
| metadata | {} |
| name | harbor-ui.vclound.com |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [{
"id"
:
"ee67e9a3-3b63-41dd-bd4a-ef778dbe89d4"
}] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | default |
| status | ACTIVE |
| tenant_id | 359df7f169214333a7562c7a3095beb8 |
| updated | 2017-01-04T06:39:22Z |
| user_id | e69ce5e92b4c427189269c0d6df38fb7 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
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查看flavor nova flavor-list
查看镜像 nova image-list glance image-list
查看网络 neutron net-list
查看用zone nova aggregate-list
查看zone下的物理主机 nova aggregate-details qa-zone
创建并启动一台名为adams_test_vm的云主机
创建云主机指定物理主机及密码 nova boot --flavor flavor_name --image image_name --security_group default --nic net-id=net_uuid --availability-zone qa-nova:computer_name vm_host_name --user-data ./passwd.sh --poll
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passwd
.sh内容如下：
#!/bin/bash
echo
qwe123qwe |
passwd
--stdin root
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下载镜像 glance image-download image_id --file Win7
上传镜像 glance image-create --name image_name --disk-format qcow2 --file /root/Win7 --container-format bare --is-public True
卸载云盘 nova volume-detach 云主机uuid 云盘uuid
挂载云盘 nova volume-attach 云主机uuid 云盘uuid
查看用户信息 keystone user-get user_id
查看tenant信息 keystone tenant-get tenant_id
查看compute节点列表 nova hypervisor-list
查看compute节点信息 nova hypervisor-show compute_node_name
查看宿主机节点上的所有云主机信息 nova hypervisor-servers compute_node_name
查看compute节点资源使用情况 nova hypervisor-stats
删除云主机 nova delete uuid
创建云盘 cinder create size_by_G --availability-zone nova --volume-type ceph-sata --display-name harbor-ui-01 --display-description "ui log disk" --metadata create_user_login=jack01.wu readonly=False create_user_id=xxx attached_mode=rw
迁移云主机 nova live-migration uuid compute_node_name (挂载有云硬盘的实例，需要先卸载后操作)
禁用compute节点服务 nova service-disable compute_node_name
IP分配信息 neutron port-list
租户列表 keystone tenant-list
配额信息 nova quota-show
变更实例配置 nova resize instance_uuid|instance_name flavor_name|flavor_id
重新配置实例 nova instance_uuid|instance_name flavor_name|flavor_id --rebuild-password test
Openstack超配设置
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nova.conf(默认值）
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CPU
# Virtual CPU to physical CPU allocation ratio which affects
# all CPU filters. This configuration specifies a global ratio
# for CoreFilter. For AggregateCoreFilter, it will fall back
# to this configuration value if no per-aggregate setting
# found. (floating point value)
#cpu_allocation_ratio=16.0
DISK 磁盘超配如云主机使用宿主机存储易导致灾难事故
# Virtual disk to physical disk allocation ratio (floating
# point value)
#disk_allocation_ratio=1.0
MEM
# Virtual ram to physical ram allocation ratio which affects
# all ram filters. This configuration specifies a global ratio
# for RamFilter. For AggregateRamFilter, it will fall back to
# this configuration value if no per-aggregate setting found.
# (floating point value)
#ram_allocation_ratio=1.5
# Enables dynamic memory allocation (ballooning) when set to a
# value greater than 1. The value expresses the ratio between
# the total RAM assigned to an instance and its startup RAM
# amount. For example a ratio of 2.0 for an instance with
# 1024MB of RAM implies 512MB of RAM allocated at startup
# (floating point value)
#dynamic_memory_ratio=1.0
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从14的开发测试环境开始使用openstack，整体架构初期采用openstack底层、页面抛弃原生Horizon自主开发集成后台界面，实现全套的从物理机裸机至云主机业务上线使用、监控报警的流程。初期采用puppet用于管理云主机，glusterfs文件存储作为后端存储。
后续由于时间及研究未深入原因，puppet不适合用于管理3k+以上云主机，后续采用特定用户密钥+自研发布系统的方式管理云主机的管理软件。及机房断电时glusterfs的恢复能力、文件丢失情况严重问题后续后端采用ceph的rbd块存储的方式稳定提供高可用服务。
大致功能模块如下：
本文转自 qwjhq 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/bingdian/1708902
