53.5. Date and Time

			
mysql> select year('2012-03-20');
+--------------------+
| year('2012-03-20') |
+--------------------+
|               2012 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select month('2012-03-20');
+---------------------+
| month('2012-03-20') |
+---------------------+
|                   3 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select day('2012-03-20');
+-------------------+
| day('2012-03-20') |
+-------------------+
|                20 |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select hour('12:30:55');
+------------------+
| hour('12:30:55') |
+------------------+
|               12 |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select minute('12:30:55');
+--------------------+
| minute('12:30:55') |
+--------------------+
|                 30 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select second('12:30:55');
+--------------------+
| second('12:30:55') |
+--------------------+
|                 55 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

			
			

			
mysql> SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2005-03-27 02:00:00');
+---------------------------------------+
| UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2005-03-27 02:00:00') |
+---------------------------------------+
|                            1111885200 |
+---------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1111885200);
+---------------------------+
| FROM_UNIXTIME(1111885200) |
+---------------------------+
| 2005-03-27 03:00:00       |
+---------------------------+
			
			

			
SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2012-01-01 00:00:00');
SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2012-07-30 00:00:00');
SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP();
SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2009-08-06') ;
SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP( curdate( ) );

select FROM_UNIXTIME(UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2012-07-30 00:00:00'), '%Y-%m-%d');
SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME( 1249488000, '%Y年%m月%d日' );


select FROM_UNIXTIME(createtime, '%m') as month, count(1) as count from members where createtime BETWEEN UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2012-01-01 00:00:00') and UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2012-12-31 00:00:00') group by FROM_UNIXTIME(createtime, '%m');
select FROM_UNIXTIME(createtime, '%m') as month, count(1) as count from members where createtime BETWEEN UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2011-01-01 00:00:00') and UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2011-12-31 00:00:00') group by FROM_UNIXTIME(createtime, '%m');

select FROM_UNIXTIME(createtime, '%m-%d') as month, count(1) as count from members where createtime BETWEEN UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2011-01-01 00:00:00') and UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2011-12-31 00:00:00') group by FROM_UNIXTIME(createtime, '%m-%d');
select FROM_UNIXTIME(createtime, '%m-%d') as month, count(1) as count from members where createtime BETWEEN UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2012-01-01 00:00:00') and UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2012-12-31 00:00:00') group by FROM_UNIXTIME(createtime, '%m-%d');
			
			

DATE_FORMAT() 函数用于以不同的格式显示日期/时间数据。

语法
DATE_FORMAT(date,format)
date 参数是合法的日期。format 规定日期/时间的输出格式。

可以使用的格式有：
格式	描述
%a	缩写星期名
%b	缩写月名
%c	月，数值
%D	带有英文前缀的月中的天
%d	月的天，数值(00-31)
%e	月的天，数值(0-31)
%f	微秒
%H	小时 (00-23)
%h	小时 (01-12)
%I	小时 (01-12)
%i	分钟，数值(00-59)
%j	年的天 (001-366)
%k	小时 (0-23)
%l	小时 (1-12)
%M	月名
%m	月，数值(00-12)
%p	AM 或 PM
%r	时间，12-小时（hh:mm:ss AM 或 PM）
%S	秒(00-59)
%s	秒(00-59)
%T	时间, 24-小时 (hh:mm:ss)
%U	周 (00-53) 星期日是一周的第一天
%u	周 (00-53) 星期一是一周的第一天
%V	周 (01-53) 星期日是一周的第一天，与 %X 使用
%v	周 (01-53) 星期一是一周的第一天，与 %x 使用
%W	星期名
%w	周的天 （0=星期日, 6=星期六）
%X	年，其中的星期日是周的第一天，4 位，与 %V 使用
%x	年，其中的星期一是周的第一天，4 位，与 %v 使用
%Y	年，4 位
%y	年，2 位
			

实例

下面的脚本使用 DATE_FORMAT() 函数来显示不同的格式。我们使用 NOW() 来获得当前的日期/时间：
DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%b %d %Y %h:%i %p')
DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%m-%d-%Y')
DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%d %b %y')
DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%d %b %Y %T:%f')

SELECT DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y-%m-%d');

select DATE_FORMAT(asctime,'%Y-%m-%d') as Date, count(1) as Count from logging where tag='www' and facility='login' group by DATE_FORMAT(asctime,'%Y-%m-%d') order by asctime desc;
			

当前时间向后推10天

			
mysql> select DATE_SUB(now(), INTERVAL 240 HOUR);
+------------------------------------+
| DATE_SUB(now(), INTERVAL 240 HOUR) |
+------------------------------------+
| 2012-03-09 10:26:03                |
+------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select DATE_SUB(now(), INTERVAL 24 HOUR);
+-----------------------------------+
| DATE_SUB(now(), INTERVAL 24 HOUR) |
+-----------------------------------+
| 2012-03-18 10:28:43               |
+-----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
			
			

			
DELETE from Message where created < DATE_sub(now(), INTERVAL 240 HOUR);

select * from PRICES_HISTORY where DATE_FORMAT(TIME ,GET_FORMAT(DATE,'ISO')) = (
select if ( WEEKDAY(CURRENT_DATE())=6 , DATE_SUB(CURRENT_DATE(), INTERVAL 1 DAY) , CURRENT_DATE())
)
			
			

SELECT DATE_ADD('1998-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);
				

计算时间差，两个时间相减结果

			
mysql> select timediff('22:20:00','17:30:00');
+---------------------------------+
| timediff('22:20:00','17:30:00') |
+---------------------------------+
| 04:50:00                        |
+---------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select datediff('2008-08-08 12:00:00', '2008-08-01 00:00:00');
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| datediff('2008-08-08 12:00:00', '2008-08-01 00:00:00') |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                      7 |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)