免费天气预报API接口详解

<?php
/**
 * 中国气象局天气预报API调用示例（PHP版）
 */
class WeatherAPI {
    private $baseUrl = "https://cn.apihz.cn/api/tianqi/tqyb.php";
    private $id = "88888888"; // 请替换为您的实际ID
    private $key = "88888888"; // 请替换为您的实际KEY
    
    /**
     * 获取天气预报
     * @param string $province 省份名称
     * @param string $city 城市名称
     * @param int $days 查询天数(1-7)
     * @param bool $hourly 是否返回时段天气
     * @return array 天气数据
     */
    public function getWeather($province, $city, $days = 1, $hourly = false) {
        // 构建请求参数
        $params = array(
            'id' => $this->id,
            'key' => $this->key,
            'sheng' => $province,
            'place' => $city,
            'day' => $days,
            'hourtype' => $hourly ? 1 : 0
        );
        
        // 构建请求URL
        $url = $this->baseUrl . '?' . http_build_query($params);
        
        // 发送GET请求
        $response = file_get_contents($url);
        
        // 解析JSON响应
        $weatherData = json_decode($response, true);
        
        // 检查请求状态
        if ($weatherData['code'] != 200) {
            throw new Exception("API请求失败: " . $weatherData['msg']);
        }
        
        return $weatherData;
    }
    
    /**
     * 格式化显示天气信息
     * @param array $weatherData 天气数据
     */
    public function displayWeather($weatherData) {
        echo "=== 天气预报 ===\n";
        echo "地区: " . $weatherData['sheng'] . " " . $weatherData['shi'] . "\n";
        echo "更新时间: " . $weatherData['uptime'] . "\n\n";
        
        echo "今日天气:\n";
        echo "白天: " . $weatherData['weather1'] . "，温度: " . $weatherData['wd1'] . "℃\n";
        echo "夜间: " . $weatherData['weather2'] . "，温度: " . $weatherData['wd2'] . "℃\n";
        echo "风向: " . $weatherData['winddirection1'] . "，风力: " . $weatherData['windleve1'] . "\n\n";
        
        // 显示实时天气
        if (isset($weatherData['nowinfo'])) {
            echo "实时天气:\n";
            echo "温度: " . $weatherData['nowinfo']['temperature'] . "℃\n";
            echo "湿度: " . $weatherData['nowinfo']['humidity'] . "%\n";
            echo "气压: " . $weatherData['nowinfo']['pressure'] . "hPa\n";
            echo "体感温度: " . $weatherData['nowinfo']['feelst'] . "℃\n\n";
        }
        
        // 显示多天预报
        if ($weatherData['day'] > 1) {
            echo "未来天气预报:\n";
            for ($i = 2; $i <= $weatherData['day']; $i++) {
                $dayKey = 'weatherday' . $i;
                if (isset($weatherData[$dayKey])) {
                    $dayData = $weatherData[$dayKey];
                    echo "第{$i}天 (" . $dayData['date'] . "): ";
                    echo $dayData['weather1'] . "，温度: " . $dayData['wd1'] . "~" . $dayData['wd2'] . "℃\n";
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
// 使用示例
try {
    $weatherAPI = new WeatherAPI();
    $weatherData = $weatherAPI->getWeather("四川", "绵阳", 3, true);
    $weatherAPI->displayWeather($weatherData);
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo "错误: " . $e->getMessage();
}
?>

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
中国气象局天气预报API调用示例（Python版）
"""
import requests
import json
from typing import Dict, Any, Optional
class WeatherAPI:
    def __init__(self):
        self.base_url = "https://cn.apihz.cn/api/tianqi/tqyb.php"
        self.id = "88888888"  # 请替换为您的实际ID
        self.key = "88888888"  # 请替换为您的实际KEY
    
    def get_weather(self, province: str, city: str, days: int = 1, 
                   hourly: bool = False) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """
        获取天气预报数据
        
        Args:
            province: 省份名称
            city: 城市名称
            days: 查询天数(1-7)
            hourly: 是否返回时段天气
            
        Returns:
            Dict[str, Any]: 天气数据字典
            
        Raises:
            Exception: API请求失败时抛出异常
        """
        # 构建请求参数
        params = {
            'id': self.id,
            'key': self.key,
            'sheng': province,
            'place': city,
            'day': days,
            'hourtype': 1 if hourly else 0
        }
        
        try:
            # 发送GET请求
            response = requests.get(self.base_url, params=params, timeout=10)
            response.raise_for_status()
            
            # 解析JSON响应
            weather_data = response.json()
            
            # 检查请求状态
            if weather_data.get('code') != 200:
                raise Exception(f"API请求失败: {weather_data.get('msg', '未知错误')}")
            
            return weather_data
            
        except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
            raise Exception(f"网络请求失败: {str(e)}")
        except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
            raise Exception(f"JSON解析失败: {str(e)}")
    
    def display_weather(self, weather_data: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
        """格式化显示天气信息"""
        print("=== 天气预报 ===")
        print(f"地区: {weather_data.get('sheng', '')} {weather_data.get('shi', '')}")
        print(f"更新时间: {weather_data.get('uptime', '')}\n")
        
        print("今日天气:")
        print(f"白天: {weather_data.get('weather1', '')}，温度: {weather_data.get('wd1', '')}℃")
        print(f"夜间: {weather_data.get('weather2', '')}，温度: {weather_data.get('wd2', '')}℃")
        print(f"风向: {weather_data.get('winddirection1', '')}，风力: {weather_data.get('windleve1', '')}\n")
        
        # 显示实时天气
        nowinfo = weather_data.get('nowinfo')
        if nowinfo:
            print("实时天气:")
            print(f"温度: {nowinfo.get('temperature', '')}℃")
            print(f"湿度: {nowinfo.get('humidity', '')}%")
            print(f"气压: {nowinfo.get('pressure', '')}hPa")
            print(f"体感温度: {nowinfo.get('feelst', '')}℃\n")
        
        # 显示预警信息
        alarm = weather_data.get('alarm')
        if alarm:
            print("天气预警:")
            print(f"标题: {alarm.get('title', '')}")
            print(f"等级: {alarm.get('signallevel', '')}")
            print(f"生效时间: {alarm.get('effective', '')}\n")
        
        # 显示多天预报
        days = weather_data.get('day', 1)
        if days > 1:
            print("未来天气预报:")
            for i in range(2, days + 1):
                day_key = f'weatherday{i}'
                day_data = weather_data.get(day_key)
                if day_data:
                    print(f"第{i}天 ({day_data.get('date', '')}): {day_data.get('weather1', '')}，"
                          f"温度: {day_data.get('wd1', '')}~{day_data.get('wd2', '')}℃")
        
        # 显示时段预报（如果存在）
        if weather_data.get('hourtype') == 1:
            print("\n今日时段预报:")
            hour1 = weather_data.get('hour1', [])
            for hour in hour1:
                print(f"{hour.get('时间', '')}: {hour.get('天气', '')}，"
                      f"温度: {hour.get('气温', '')}，降水: {hour.get('降水', '')}")
def main():
    """主函数示例"""
    try:
        # 创建API实例
        weather_api = WeatherAPI()
        
        # 获取天气数据（四川省绵阳市，3天预报，包含时段数据）
        weather_data = weather_api.get_weather("四川", "绵阳", days=3, hourly=True)
        
        # 显示天气信息
        weather_api.display_weather(weather_data)
        
        # 可选：保存原始数据到文件
        with open('weather_data.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            json.dump(weather_data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
        print("\n原始数据已保存到 weather_data.json")
        
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"错误: {str(e)}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

# 简单的缓存实现示例
import time
from typing import Dict, Any
class CachedWeatherAPI(WeatherAPI):
    def __init__(self, cache_ttl: int = 600):  # 默认缓存10分钟
        super().__init__()
        self.cache_ttl = cache_ttl
        self._cache: Dict[str, Any] = {}
        self._cache_timestamp: Dict[str, float] = {}
    
    def get_weather_cached(self, province: str, city: str, days: int = 1, 
                          hourly: bool = False) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        # 生成缓存键
        cache_key = f"{province}_{city}_{days}_{hourly}"
        
        # 检查缓存是否有效
        current_time = time.time()
        if (cache_key in self._cache and 
            current_time - self._cache_timestamp.get(cache_key, 0) < self.cache_ttl):
            return self._cache[cache_key]
        
        # 获取新数据并更新缓存
        weather_data = self.get_weather(province, city, days, hourly)
        self._cache[cache_key] = weather_data
        self._cache_timestamp[cache_key] = current_time
        
        return weather_data