SqlAlchemy 2.0 中文文档（三十）（1）

from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import automap_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
Base = automap_base()
# engine, suppose it has two tables 'user' and 'address' set up
engine = create_engine("sqlite:///mydatabase.db")
# reflect the tables
Base.prepare(autoload_with=engine)
# mapped classes are now created with names by default
# matching that of the table name.
User = Base.classes.user
Address = Base.classes.address
session = Session(engine)
# rudimentary relationships are produced
session.add(Address(email_address="foo@bar.com", user=User(name="foo")))
session.commit()
# collection-based relationships are by default named
# "<classname>_collection"
u1 = session.query(User).first()
print(u1.address_collection)

from sqlalchemy import create_engine, MetaData, Table, Column, ForeignKey
from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import automap_base
engine = create_engine("sqlite:///mydatabase.db")
# produce our own MetaData object
metadata = MetaData()
# we can reflect it ourselves from a database, using options
# such as 'only' to limit what tables we look at...
metadata.reflect(engine, only=["user", "address"])
# ... or just define our own Table objects with it (or combine both)
Table(
    "user_order",
    metadata,
    Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
    Column("user_id", ForeignKey("user.id")),
)
# we can then produce a set of mappings from this MetaData.
Base = automap_base(metadata=metadata)
# calling prepare() just sets up mapped classes and relationships.
Base.prepare()
# mapped classes are ready
User = Base.classes.user
Address = Base.classes.address
Order = Base.classes.user_order

e = create_engine("postgresql://scott:tiger@localhost/test")
Base.metadata.create_all(e)
Base = automap_base()
Base.prepare(e)
Base.prepare(e, schema="test_schema")
Base.prepare(e, schema="test_schema_2")

e = create_engine("postgresql://scott:tiger@localhost/test")
Base.metadata.create_all(e)
def module_name_for_table(cls, tablename, table):
    if table.schema is not None:
        return f"mymodule.{table.schema}"
    else:
        return f"mymodule.default"
Base = automap_base()
Base.prepare(e, modulename_for_table=module_name_for_table)
Base.prepare(e, schema="test_schema", modulename_for_table=module_name_for_table)
Base.prepare(e, schema="test_schema_2", modulename_for_table=module_name_for_table)

Base.by_module.mymodule.default.accounts
Base.by_module.mymodule.test_schema.accounts
Base.by_module.mymodule.test_schema_2.accounts

from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import automap_base
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
# automap base
Base = automap_base()
# pre-declare User for the 'user' table
class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = "user"
    # override schema elements like Columns
    user_name = Column("name", String)
    # override relationships too, if desired.
    # we must use the same name that automap would use for the
    # relationship, and also must refer to the class name that automap will
    # generate for "address"
    address_collection = relationship("address", collection_class=set)
# reflect
engine = create_engine("sqlite:///mydatabase.db")
Base.prepare(autoload_with=engine)
# we still have Address generated from the tablename "address",
# but User is the same as Base.classes.User now
Address = Base.classes.address
u1 = session.query(User).first()
print(u1.address_collection)
# the backref is still there:
a1 = session.query(Address).first()
print(a1.user)

import re
import inflect
def camelize_classname(base, tablename, table):
    "Produce a 'camelized' class name, e.g."
    "'words_and_underscores' -> 'WordsAndUnderscores'"
    return str(
        tablename[0].upper()
        + re.sub(
            r"_([a-z])",
            lambda m: m.group(1).upper(),
            tablename[1:],
        )
    )
_pluralizer = inflect.engine()
def pluralize_collection(base, local_cls, referred_cls, constraint):
    "Produce an 'uncamelized', 'pluralized' class name, e.g."
    "'SomeTerm' -> 'some_terms'"
    referred_name = referred_cls.__name__
    uncamelized = re.sub(
        r"[A-Z]",
        lambda m: "_%s" % m.group(0).lower(),
        referred_name,
    )[1:]
    pluralized = _pluralizer.plural(uncamelized)
    return pluralized
from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import automap_base
Base = automap_base()
engine = create_engine("sqlite:///mydatabase.db")
Base.prepare(
    autoload_with=engine,
    classname_for_table=camelize_classname,
    name_for_collection_relationship=pluralize_collection,
)

User, Address = Base.classes.User, Base.classes.Address
u1 = User(addresses=[Address(email="foo@bar.com")])

from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import generate_relationship
from sqlalchemy.orm import interfaces
def _gen_relationship(
    base, direction, return_fn, attrname, local_cls, referred_cls, **kw
):
    if direction is interfaces.ONETOMANY:
        kw["cascade"] = "all, delete-orphan"
        kw["passive_deletes"] = True
    # make use of the built-in function to actually return
    # the result.
    return generate_relationship(
        base, direction, return_fn, attrname, local_cls, referred_cls, **kw
    )
from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import automap_base
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
# automap base
Base = automap_base()
engine = create_engine("sqlite:///mydatabase.db")
Base.prepare(autoload_with=engine, generate_relationship=_gen_relationship)

class Employee(Base):
    __tablename__ = "employee"
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    type = Column(String(50))
    __mapper_args__ = {
        "polymorphic_identity": "employee",
        "polymorphic_on": type,
    }
class Engineer(Employee):
    __tablename__ = "engineer"
    id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("employee.id"), primary_key=True)
    __mapper_args__ = {
        "polymorphic_identity": "engineer",
    }

class Employee(Base):
    __tablename__ = "employee"
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    type = Column(String(50))
    __mapper_args__ = {
        "polymorphic_identity": "employee",
        "polymorphic_on": type,
    }
class Engineer(Employee):
    __tablename__ = "engineer"
    id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("employee.id"), primary_key=True)
    favorite_employee_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("employee.id"))
    favorite_employee = relationship(Employee, foreign_keys=favorite_employee_id)
    __mapper_args__ = {
        "polymorphic_identity": "engineer",
        "inherit_condition": id == Employee.id,
    }

CREATE  TABLE  table_a  (
  id  INTEGER  PRIMARY  KEY
);
CREATE  TABLE  table_b  (
  id  INTEGER  PRIMARY  KEY,
  table_a  INTEGER,
  FOREIGN  KEY(table_a)  REFERENCES  table_a(id)
);

def name_for_scalar_relationship(base, local_cls, referred_cls, constraint):
    name = referred_cls.__name__.lower()
    local_table = local_cls.__table__
    if name in local_table.columns:
        newname = name + "_"
        warnings.warn("Already detected name %s present.  using %s" % (name, newname))
        return newname
    return name
Base.prepare(
    autoload_with=engine,
    name_for_scalar_relationship=name_for_scalar_relationship,
)

Base = automap_base()
class TableB(Base):
    __tablename__ = "table_b"
    _table_a = Column("table_a", ForeignKey("table_a.id"))
Base.prepare(autoload_with=engine)