同步首发:
1 Lombok背景介绍
官方介绍如下:
Project Lombok makes java a spicier language by adding 'handlers' that know how to build and compile simple, boilerplate-free, not-quite-java code.
大致意思是Lombok通过增加一些“处理程序”,可以让java变得简洁、快速。
2 Lombok使用方法
Lombok能以简单的注解形式来简化java代码,提高开发人员的开发效率。例如开发中经常需要写的javabean,都需要花时间去添加相应的getter/setter,也许还要去写构造器、equals等方法,而且需要维护,当属性多时会出现大量的getter/setter方法,这些显得很冗长也没有太多技术含量,一旦修改属性,就容易出现忘记修改对应方法的失误。
Lombok能通过注解的方式,在编译时自动为属性生成构造器、getter/setter、equals、hashcode、toString方法。出现的神奇就是在源码中没有getter和setter方法,但是在编译生成的字节码文件中有getter和setter方法。这样就省去了手动重建这些代码的麻烦,使代码看起来更简洁些。
Lombok的使用跟引用jar包一样,可以在官网(下载jar包,也可以使用maven添加依赖:
[/span>dependency
[/span>groupId
[/span>artifactId
[/span>version
[/span>scope
接下来我们来分析Lombok中注解的具体用法。
2.1 @Data
@Data注解在类上,会为类的所有属性自动生成setter/getter、equals、canEqual、hashCode、toString方法,如为final属性,则不会为该属性生成setter方法。
官方实例如下:
import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.ToString;
@Data public class DataExample {
private final String name;
@Setter(AccessLevel.PACKAGE) private int age;
private double score;
private String【】 tags;
@ToString(includeFieldNames=true)
@Data(staticConstructor="of")
public static class Exercise {
private final String name;
private final T value;
}
}
如不使用Lombok,则实现如下:
import java.util.Arrays;
public class DataExample {
private final String name;
private int age;
private double score;
private String【】 tags;
public DataExample(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public int getAge() {
return this.age;
}
public void setScore(double score) {
this.score = score;
}
public double getScore() {
return this.score;
}
public String【】 getTags() {
return this.tags;
}
public void setTags(String【】 tags) {
this.tags = tags;
}
@Override public String toString() {
return "DataExample(" + this.getName() + ", " + this.getAge() + ", " + this.getScore() + ", " + Arrays.deepToString(this.getTags()) + ")";
}
protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
return other instanceof DataExample;
}
@Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (o == this) return true;
if (!(o instanceof DataExample)) return false;
DataExample other = (DataExample) o;
if (!other.canEqual((Object)this)) return false;
if (this.getName() == null ? other.getName() != null : !this.getName().equals(other.getName())) return false;
if (this.getAge() != other.getAge()) return false;
if (Double.compare(this.getScore(), other.getScore()) != 0) return false;
if (!Arrays.deepEquals(this.getTags(), other.getTags())) return false;
return true;
}
@Override public int hashCode() {
final int PRIME = 59;
int result = 1;
final long temp1 = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.getScore());
result = (resultPRIME) + (this.getName() == null ? 43 : this.getName().hashCode());
result = (resultPRIME) + this.getAge();
result = (resultPRIME) + (int)(temp1 ^ (temp1 ]> 32));
result = (resultPRIME) + Arrays.deepHashCode(this.getTags());
return result;
}
public static class Exercise {
private final String name;
private final T value;
private Exercise(String name, T value) {
this.name = name;
this.value = value;
}
public static Exercise of(String name, T value) {
return new Exercise(name, value);
}
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
public T getValue() {
return this.value;
}
@Override public String toString() {
return "Exercise(name=" + this.getName() + ", value=" + this.getValue() + ")";
}
protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
return other instanceof Exercise;
}
@Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (o == this) return true;
if (!(o instanceof Exercise)) return false;
Exercise other = (Exercise) o;
if (!other.canEqual((Object)this)) return false;
if (this.getName() == null ? other.getValue() != null : !this.getName().equals(other.getName())) return false;
if (this.getValue() == null ? other.getValue() != null : !this.getValue().equals(other.getValue())) return false;
return true;
}
@Override public int hashCode() {
final int PRIME = 59;
int result = 1;
result = (resultPRIME) + (this.getName() == null ? 43 : this.getName().hashCode());
result = (resultPRIME) + (this.getValue() == null ? 43 : this.getValue().hashCode());
return result;
}
}
}
2.2 @Getter/@Setter
如果觉得@Data太过残暴(因为@Data集合了@ToString、@EqualsAndHashCode、@Getter/@Setter、@RequiredArgsConstructor的所有特性)不够精细,可以使用@Getter/@Setter注解,此注解在属性上,可以为相应的属性自动生成Getter/Setter方法,示例如下:
import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
public class GetterSetterExample {
@Getter @Setter private int age = 10;
@Setter(AccessLevel.PROTECTED) private String name;
@Override public String toString() {
return String.format("%s (age: %d)", name, age);
}
}
如果不使用Lombok:
public class GetterSetterExample {
private int age = 10;
private String name;
@Override public String toString() {
return String.format("%s (age: %d)", name, age);
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
protected void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
2.3 @NonNull
该注解用在属性或构造器上,Lombok会生成一个非空的声明,可用于校验参数,能帮助避免空指针。
示例如下:
import lombok.NonNull;
public class NonNullExample extends Something {
private String name;
public NonNullExample(@NonNull Person person) {
super("Hello");
this.name = person.getName();
}
}
不使用Lombok:
import lombok.NonNull;
public class NonNullExample extends Something {
private String name;
public NonNullExample(@NonNull Person person) {
super("Hello");
if (person == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("person");
}
this.name = person.getName();
}
}
2.4 @Cleanup
该注解能帮助我们自动调用close()方法,很大的简化了代码。
示例如下:
import lombok.Cleanup;
import java.io.;
public class CleanupExample {
public static void main(String【】 args) throws IOException {
@Cleanup InputStream in = new FileInputStream(args【0】);
@Cleanup OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(args【1】);
byte【】 b = new byte【10000】;
while (true) {
int r = in.read(b);
if (r == -1) break;
out.write(b, 0, r);
}
}
}
如不使用Lombok,则需如下:
import java.io.;
public class CleanupExample {
public static void main(String【】 args) throws IOException {
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(args【0】);
try {
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(args【1】);
try {
byte【】 b = new byte【10000】;
while //代码效果参考:http://www.jhylw.com.cn/303634411.html
(true) {int r = in.read(b);