#include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; struct student { //成员列表 string name; //姓名 int age; //年龄 int score; //分数 }stu3; //结构体变量创建方式3 //教师结构体定义 struct teacher { //成员列表 int id; //职工编号 string name; //教师姓名 int age; //教师年龄 struct student stu; //子结构体 学生 }; //值传递函数 void printStudent1(student s){ cout<<" 年龄 "<<s.age<<" 姓名 "<<s.name<<" 分数 "<<s.score<<endl; } //地址传递函数 void printStudent2(student * p) { cout<<" 年龄 "<<p->age<<" 姓名 "<<p->name<<" 分数 "<<p->score<<endl; } //const使用场景 void printStudent(const student *stu) //加const防止函数体中的误操作 { //stu->age = 100; //操作失败,因为加了const修饰 cout << "姓名:" << stu->name << " 年龄:" << stu->age << " 分数:" << stu->score << endl; } int main() { //结构体的定义和使用 //结构体变量创建方式1 student stu1; //struct 关键字可以省略 stu1.name = "张三"; stu1.age = 18; stu1.score = 100; cout << "姓名:" << stu1.name << " 年龄:" << stu1.age << " 分数:" << stu1.score << endl; //结构体变量创建方式2 student stu2 = { "李四",19,60 }; cout << "姓名:" << stu2.name << " 年龄:" << stu2.age << " 分数:" << stu2.score << endl; stu3.name = "王五"; stu3.age = 18; stu3.score = 80; cout << "姓名:" << stu3.name << " 年龄:" << stu3.age << " 分数:" << stu3.score << endl; //结构体数组 //1、定义一个结构体 //2、创建结构体数组 student arr[3]={ {"张三",18,90}, {"李四",19,60 }, {"王五",20,70 } }; cout<<"-----------------------------"<<endl; //打印结构体数组 for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { cout << "姓名:" << arr[i].name << " 年龄:" << arr[i].age << " 分数:" << arr[i].score << endl; } cout<<"-----------------------------"<<endl; //结构体指针 student * p = &stu1; p->score = 80; //指针通过 -> 操作符可以访问成员 cout << "姓名:" << p->name << " 年龄:" << p->age << " 分数:" << p->score << endl; cout<<"-----------------------------"<<endl; //结构体嵌套结构体 struct teacher t1; t1.id = 10000; t1.name = "老王"; t1.age = 40; t1.stu.name = "张三"; t1.stu.age = 18; t1.stu.score = 100; cout << "教师 职工编号: " << t1.id << " 姓名: " << t1.name << " 年龄: " << t1.age << endl; cout << "辅导学员 姓名: " << t1.stu.name << " 年龄:" << t1.stu.age << " 考试分数: " << t1.stu.score << endl; cout<<"-----------------------------"<<endl; //结构体作函数参数 //1、创建结构体 student s; s.age=18; s.name="杨先生"; s.score=100; printStudent1(s);//值传递 printStudent2(&s);//地址传递 cout<<"-----------------------------"<<endl; //结构体中const的使用场景 student sb = { "张三",18,100 }; printStudent(&sb); return 0; }