为什么此API请求在Postman中工作，但在Django测试中引发错误？
我发布到我的API以通过Postman创建帐户
{
"email": "snifter@gmail.com",
"display_name": "outrageous canteloupe",
"password": "GramDaddyff!!5"
}
它有效，并且在数据库中注册了一个新帐户。
然后，我尝试通过Django测试发出相同的请求。
class AccountAPITestCase(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
pass
def test_create_account(self):
c = Client()
response = c.post('/accounts/', {
"email": "snifter@gmail.com",
"display_name": "outrageous canteloupe",
"password": "GramDaddyff!!5",
})
account = Account.objects.get(display_name='big_ouch')
self.assertTrue(account)
我得到以下错误。
======================================================================
ERROR: test_create_account (accounts.tests.AccountAPITestCase)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/mcm66103/Documents/python/photo-contest-BE/accounts/tests.py", line 28, in test_create_account
"password": "use_in_migrationsDaddyff!!5",
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 526, in post
response = super().post(path, data=data, content_type=content_type, secure=secure, \*extra)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 356, in post
secure=secure, \*extra)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 421, in generic
return self.request(\*r)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 496, in request
raise exc_value
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 34, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 115, in _get_response
response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 113, in _get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, \*allback_args, \*callback_kwargs)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py", line 54, in wrapped_view
return view_func(\*rgs, \*kwargs)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/rest_framework/viewsets.py", line 114, in view
return self.dispatch(request, \*rgs, \*kwargs)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 505, in dispatch
response = self.handle_exception(exc)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 465, in handle_exception
self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 476, in raise_uncaught_exception
raise exc
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 502, in dispatch
response = handler(request, \*rgs, \*kwargs)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/rest_framework/mixins.py", line 19, in create
self.perform_create(serializer)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/rest_framework/mixins.py", line 24, in perform_create
serializer.save()
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 212, in save
self.instance = self.create(validated_data)
File "/Users/mcm66103/Documents/python/photo-contest-BE/accounts/serializers.py", line 19, in create
return Account.objects.create_user(\*validated_data)
File "/Users/mcm66103/Documents/python/photo-contest-BE/accounts/managers.py", line 17, in create_user
user = self.model(email=email, \*extra_fields)
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 495, in __init__
_setattr(self, prop, kwargs[prop])
File "/Users/mcm66103/.envs/photo-contest-BE/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/related_descriptors.py", line 546, in __set__
% self._get_set_deprecation_msg_params(),
TypeError: Direct assignment to the forward side of a many-to-many set is prohibited. Use groups.set() instead.
这是我的用户models.py。
from accounts.managers import AccountManager
class Account(AbstractUser):
username = None
display_name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
email = models.EmailField(_('email address'), unique=True)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
objects = AccountManager()
def __str__(self):
return self.email
这是我的manager.py。
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import BaseUserManager
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
class AccountManager(BaseUserManager):
"""
Custom user model manager where email is the unique identifiers
for authentication instead of usernames.
"""
def create_user(self, email, password, \*extra_fields):
"""
Create and save a User with the given email and password.
"""
if not email:
raise ValueError(_('The Email must be set'))
email = self.normalize_email(email)
user = self.model(email=email, \*extra_fields)
user.set_password(password)
user.save()
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, password, \*extra_fields):
"""
Create and save a SuperUser with the given email and password.
"""
extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', True)
extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', True)
extra_fields.setdefault('is_active', True)
if extra_fields.get('is_staff') is not True:
raise ValueError(_('Superuser must have is_staff=True.'))
if extra_fields.get('is_superuser') is not True:
raise ValueError(_('Superuser must have is_superuser=True.'))
return self.create_user(email, password, \*extra_fields)
我正在尝试以可重复的方式测试帐户创建。我希望测试的行为与Postman相同。为什么它们的行为不同，如何纠正该错误？
编辑：
views.py
class AccountViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
serializer_class = None
queryset = Account.objects.all()
def get_serializer_class(self):
if self.action == 'list':
return AccountSerializer
if self.action == 'create':
return CreateAccountSerializer
serializers.py
class CreateAccountSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Account
fields = '__all__'
def create(self, validated_data):
return Account.objects.create_user(\*validated_data)
问题来源：stackoverflow
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Are you using serializers? Could it be that your test method isn't actually pushing a JSON object? Although your string looks like a JSON object, Python needs to know that it is, indeed, a JSON object. It also looks like there may be some conflicting data within your test method. Your Postman post request is clean.
Why are you using a test method anyway? If you use the Django Rest Framework, it has built-in API testing pages that will mimic Postman.
EDIT: Try this:
class AccountAPITestCase(TestCase): def setUp(self): pass def test_create_account(self): data = { "email": "snifter@gmail.com", "display_name": "outrageous canteloupe", "password": "GramDaddyff!!5", } serializer = CreateAccountSerializer(data=data) if serializer.is_valid: new_user = serializer.validated_data c = Client() response = c.post('/accounts/', new_user) account = Account.objects.get(display_name=data.display_name) self.assertTrue(account)Make sure that you import your serializer into that view. Here you're declaring data as a Python object, and then passing it to the serializer that will convert it into a JSON object.
我更改了用于帐户变量的过滤器，以检查是否已创建要提交的新用户（在我看来，这就是您要通过测试完成的工作）。
实际上，昨晚我遇到了一个非常相似的问题，涉及到我正在研究的东西。
回答来源：stackoverflow
2020-03-23 17:21:02赞同 展开评论 打赏
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