深入理解JVM虚拟机 - 自我编译JDK
《深入理解JVM虚拟机》看过了好几遍了，对于编译一个JDK源码有很强的冲动。这里主要实战使用阿里云进行编译实战
- 为什么使用阿里云？
- 个人电脑奋斗四年了，装虚拟机莫名其妙的死机
- 阿里云带宽1M，只能用来干些LInux学习的工作
参考资料：
blog.csdn.net/zitong_ccnu… CenterOS7 编译OpenJDK7
www.bbsmax.com/A/GBJrKLa50… 案例2
hllvm-group.iteye.com/group/topic… JVM的一些讨论，值得看看
JDK源码下载 - openJDK7u75
Bootstrap JDK
- 编译OpenJDK7需要 Bootstrap JDK U14 之后的版本
- 地址：www.oracle.com/technetwork…
- 下载
linux.tag.gz包
- 有条件尽量科学上网下载比较慢
Apach Ant 1.7.1版本
- 地址：ant.apache.org/bindownload…
- 还需要一个apach ant 1.7.1 版本
- 这里选择了: 1.9.14版本
前置依赖：
- OpenJDK要用到很多的gcc，java，c的库函数，需要进行前置准备
yum -y install build-essential gawk m4 openjdk6-jdk libasound2-print-dev binutils libmotif3 libmotif-dev ant 复制代码
yum install libX* #有可能会缺失的库，先提前安装 复制代码
首次编译
# 进入到openjdk的目录 cd openjdk所在目录 # 解压 unzip openjdk # 编译 cd open jdk # 第一次编译，输出到对应文件 make sanity > error.txt 复制代码
- 不出所料，编译失败了，我们可以根据错误日志来进行调整
- 根据错误，整理一下错误点
- 下面参考书籍的内容进行设置
设置环境变量
- gcc 4.3 版本以上
- 必须设置两个
- LANG：编译语言
- ALT_BOOTDIR：Bootstrap JDK 1.7 的版本
- 设置环境变量
export LANG=C export ALT_BOOTDIR=/usr/local/software/openjdk/jdk1.7.0_80 复制代码
- 去掉原本的JDK环境变量
unset JAVA_HOME unset CLASSPATH 复制代码
OpenJDK 错误处理
错误1： 缺少打印 Cups 依赖
错误信息
ERROR: You do not have access to valid Cups header files. Please check your access to /usr/include/cups/cups.h and/or check your value of ALT_CUPS_HEADERS_PATH, CUPS is frequently pre-installed on many systems, or may be downloaded from http://www.cups.org 复制代码
处理方式：
缺少cups打印框架，解决：
- 可以根据如下命令查找
yum search cups 查找对应依赖
=========================================== N/S matched: cups ============================================ apcupsd-cgi.x86_64 : Web interface for apcupsd apcupsd-gui.x86_64 : GUI interface for apcupsd bluez-cups.x86_64 : CUPS printer backend for Bluetooth printers cups.x86_64 : CUPS printing system cups-bjnp.x86_64 : CUPS backend for the Canon BJNP network printers cups-client.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - client programs cups-devel.i686 : CUPS printing system - development environment cups-devel.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - development environment cups-filesystem.noarch : CUPS printing system - directory layout cups-filters.x86_64 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends cups-filters-devel.i686 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - development environment cups-filters-devel.x86_64 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - development environment cups-filters-libs.i686 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - cupsfilters and fontembed libraries cups-filters-libs.x86_64 : OpenPrinting CUPS filters and backends - cupsfilters and fontembed libraries cups-ipptool.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - tool for performing IPP requests cups-libs.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - libraries cups-libs.i686 : CUPS printing system - libraries cups-lpd.x86_64 : CUPS printing system - lpd emulation cups-pdf.x86_64 : Extension for creating pdf-Files with CUPS cups-x2go.noarch : CUPS backend for printing from X2Go dymo-cups-drivers.x86_64 : DYMO LabelWriter Drivers for CUPS ghostscript-cups.x86_64 : CUPS filter for interpreting PostScript and PDF gutenprint-cups.x86_64 : CUPS drivers for Canon, Epson, HP and compatible printers perl-Net-CUPS.x86_64 : Perl bindings to the CUPS C API Interface python-cups.x86_64 : Python bindings for CUPS python-cups-doc.x86_64 : Documentation for python-cups python3-cups-doc.x86_64 : Documentation for python-cups python34-cups.x86_64 : Python 3 bindings for CUPS API, known as pycups python36-cups.x86_64 : Python 3 bindings for CUPS API, known as pycups apcupsd.x86_64 : APC UPS Power Control Daemon cups-pk-helper.x86_64 : A helper that makes system-config-printer use PolicyKit foomatic-filters.x86_64 : CUPS print filters for the foomatic package samba-krb5-printing.x86_64 : Samba CUPS backend for printing with Kerberos Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything. 复制代码
- 安装Cups
yum install cups-devel.x86_64
错误2： 缺少 Freetype 依赖
报错情况：
ERROR: FreeType version 2.3.0 or higher is required. make[2]: 进入目录“/usr/local/software/openjdk/jdk/make/tools/freetypecheck” /bin/mkdir -p /usr/local/software/openjdk/build/linux-amd64/btbins rm -f /usr/local/software/openjdk/build/linux-amd64/btbins/freetype_versioncheck make[2]: 离开目录“/usr/local/software/openjdk/jdk/make/tools/freetypecheck” Failed to build freetypecheck. 复制代码
处理方式：
yum search freetype
========================================= N/S matched: freetype ========================================== freetype-demos.x86_64 : A collection of FreeType demos freetype-devel.i686 : FreeType development libraries and header files freetype-devel.x86_64 : FreeType development libraries and header files mingw32-freetype-static.noarch : Static version of the MinGW Windows Freetype library mingw64-freetype-static.noarch : Static version of the MinGW Windows Freetype library python-freetype.noarch : Freetype python bindings freetype.x86_64 : A free and portable font rendering engine freetype.i686 : A free and portable font rendering engine ftgl.x86_64 : OpenGL frontend to Freetype 2 mingw32-freetype.noarch : Free and portable font rendering engine mingw64-freetype.noarch : Free and portable font rendering engine 复制代码
- 执行命令
yum install freetype-devel.x86_64 -y
错误3：缺少声卡Alsa依赖，需要安装
错误信息
ERROR: You seem to not have installed ALSA 0.9.1 or higher. Please install ALSA (drivers and lib). You can download the source distribution from http://www.alsa-project.org or go to http://www.freshrpms.net/docs/alsa/ for precompiled RPM packages. 复制代码
处理方式：
yum search alsa
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com ======================================== N/S matched: alsa ======================================== alsa-firmware.noarch : Firmware for several ALSA-supported sound cards alsa-lib.x86_64 : The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) library alsa-lib.i686 : The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) library alsa-lib-devel.i686 : Development files from the ALSA library alsa-lib-devel.x86_64 : Development files from the ALSA library alsa-plugins-arcamav.i686 : Arcam AV amplifier plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-arcamav.x86_64 : Arcam AV amplifier plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-maemo.i686 : Maemo plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-maemo.x86_64 : Maemo plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-oss.i686 : Oss PCM output plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-oss.x86_64 : Oss PCM output plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-pulseaudio.i686 : Alsa to PulseAudio backend alsa-plugins-pulseaudio.x86_64 : Alsa to PulseAudio backend alsa-plugins-samplerate.i686 : External rate converter plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-samplerate.x86_64 : External rate converter plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-upmix.i686 : Upmixer channel expander plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-upmix.x86_64 : Upmixer channel expander plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-usbstream.i686 : USB stream plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-usbstream.x86_64 : USB stream plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-vdownmix.i686 : Downmixer to stereo plugin for ALSA alsa-plugins-vdownmix.x86_64 : Downmixer to stereo plugin for ALSA alsa-tools.x86_64 : Specialist tools for ALSA alsa-tools-firmware.x86_64 : ALSA tools for uploading firmware to some soundcards alsa-utils.x86_64 : Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) utilities alsa-plugins-speex.i686 : Rate Converter Plugin Using Speex Resampler alsa-plugins-speex.x86_64 : Rate Converter Plugin Using Speex Resampler 复制代码
- 安装依赖：
yum -y install alsa-lib* alsa-util*
错误4：缺少Ant依赖
ERROR: The version of ant being used is older than the required version of '1.7.1'. The version of ant found was ''. 复制代码
处理方式：
yum install ant -y
错误5：缺少C语言环境变量
错误信息
WARNING: LANG has been set to zh_CN.UTF-8, this can cause build failures. Try setting LANG to 'C'. 复制代码
处理方式：
export LANG=C设置C语言环境
第二次编译
需要再次输入命令make santify ，知道看到如下信息
Sanity check passed. 复制代码
编写启动脚本
- 经过上面的测试，再根据JVM虚拟机的内容，编写了下面一个通用的命令脚本
#!/bin/bash # 语言选项，必须设置，否者编译之后会出现一个HashTable槽的错误的NPE的错 export LANG=C # Bootstrap JDK 的安装路径 export ALT_BOOTDIR=/usr/local/software/openjdk/jdk1.7.0_80 # 允许自动下载数据 export ALLOW_DOWNLOADS=true #并行编译的线程数，设置为和CPU内核数量一致即可 export HOTSPOT_BUILD_JOBS=6 export ALT_PARALLEL_COMPILE_JOBS=6 #比较本次build出来的映像与先前版本的差异。这对我们来说没有意义， #必须设置为false，否则sanity检查会报缺少先前版本JDK的映像的错误提示。 #如果已经设置dev或者DEV_ONLY=true，这个不显式设置也行 export SKIP_COMPARE_IMAGES=true #使用预编译头文件，不加这个编译会更慢一些 export USE_PRECOMPILED_HEADER=true #要编译的内容 export BUILD_LANGTOOLS=true #export BUILD_JAXP=false #export BUILD_JAXWS=false #export BUILD_CORBA=false export BUILD_HOTSPOT=true export BUILD_JDK=true #要编译的版本 #export SKIP_DEBUG_BUILD=false #export SKIP_FASTDEBUG_BUILD=true #export DEBUG_NAME=debug #把它设置为false可以避开javaws和浏览器Java插件之类的部分的build BUILD_DEPLOY=false #把它设置为false就不会build出安装包。因为安装包里有些奇怪的依赖， #但即便不build出它也已经能得到完整的JDK映像，所以还是别build它好了 BUILD_INSTALL=false #编译结果所存放的路径 export ALT_OUTPUTDIR=/Users/IcyFenix/Develop/JVM/jdkBuild/openjdk_7u4/build #这两个环境变量必须去掉，不然会有很诡异的事情发生（我没有具体查过这些"诡异的 #事情"，Makefile脚本检查到有这2个变量就会提示警告） unset JAVA_HOME unset CLASSPATH make 2＞＆1|tee $ALT_OUTPUTDIR/build.log 复制代码
启动脚本参考：
#语言选项，这个必须设置，否则编译好后会出现一个HashTable的NPE错 export LANG=C #Bootstrap JDK的安装路径。必须设置。 export ALT_BOOTDIR=/usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_04 #允许自动下载依赖 export ALLOW_DOWNLOADS=true #并行编译的线程数，设置为和CPU内核数量一致即可 export HOTSPOT_BUILD_JOBS=4 export ALT_PARALLEL_COMPILE_JOBS=4 #比较本次build出来的映像与先前版本的差异。这个对我们来说没有意义，必须设置为false，否则sanity检查会报缺少先前版本JDK的映像。如果有设置dev或者DEV_ONLY=true的话这个不显式设置也行。 export SKIP_COMPARE_IMAGES=true #使用预编译头文件，不加这个编译会更慢一些 export USE_PRECOMPILED_HEADER=true #要编译的内容 export BUILD_LANGTOOLS=true #export BUILD_JAXP=false #export BUILD_JAXWS=false #export BUILD_CORBA=false export BUILD_HOTSPOT=true export BUILD_JDK=true #要编译的版本 #export SKIP_DEBUG_BUILD=false #export SKIP_FASTDEBUG_BUILD=true #export DEBUG_NAME=debug #把它设置为false可以避开javaws和浏览器Java插件之类的部分的build。 BUILD_DEPLOY=false #把它设置为false就不会build出安装包。因为安装包里有些奇怪的依赖，但即便不build出它也已经能得到完整的JDK映像，所以还是别build它好了。 BUILD_INSTALL=false #这两个环境变量必须去掉，不然会有很诡异的事情发生（我没有具体查过这些“”诡异的事情”，Makefile脚本检查到有这2个变量就会提示警告“） unset JAVA_HOME unset CLASSPATH make 2>&1 | tee $ALT_OUTPUTDIR/build.log 复制代码
个人版本:
export LANG=C export ALT_BOOTDIR=/usr/local/software/jdk1.7 export ALLOW_DOWNLOADS=true export HOTSPOT_BUILD_JOBDS=1 export ALT_PARALLEL_COMPILE_JOBS=1 export SKIP_COMPARE_IMAGES=true export USE_PRECOMPLIED_HEADER=true export BUILD_LANGTOOLS=true export BUILD_JAXP=false export BUILD_JAXWS=false export BUILD_CORBA=false export BUILD_HOTSPOT=true export BUILD_JDK=true export SKIP_DEBUG_BUILD=false export SKIP_FASTDEBUG_BUILD=true export DEBUG_NAME=debug BUILD_DEPLOY=false BUILD_INSTALL=false unset JAVA_HOME unset CLASSPATH make 2>&1 | tee /usr/local/software/build.log 复制代码
开始编译
- 使用上一节写好的脚本
- 运行下面的命令
chmod +x run.sh./run.sh
- 经过多次尝试，现在出现如下报错：
g++: internal compiler error: Killed (program cc1plus) - 处理方式
- 内存不足，需要扩充内存
问题收集：
1. 编译过程突然报错，报错信息如下
g++: internal compiler error: Killed (program cc1plus) Please submit a full bug report, with preprocessed source if appropriate. See <http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla> for instructions. make[7]: *** [ad_x86_64.o] Error 4 make[7]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/software/openjdk/build/linux-amd64-debug/hotspot/outputdir/linux_amd64_compiler2/jvmg' make[6]: *** [the_vm] Error 2 make[6]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/software/openjdk/build/linux-amd64-debug/hotspot/outputdir/linux_amd64_compiler2/jvmg' make[5]: *** [jvmg] Error 2 make[5]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/software/openjdk/build/linux-amd64-debug/hotspot/outputdir' make[4]: *** [generic_build2] Error 2 make[4]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/software/openjdk/hotspot/make' make[3]: *** [jvmg] Error 2 make[3]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/software/openjdk/hotspot/make' make[2]: *** [hotspot-build] Error 2 make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/software/openjdk' make[1]: *** [generic_debug_build] Error 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/software/openjdk' make: *** [build_debug_image] Error 2 复制代码
分析原因：
- 可能是阿里云买的最低配，导致编译的时候内存爆了
- Bootstrap JDK版本和书本的不一致，尝试按照书本一模一样的方式处理
- 脚本建议手敲，复制黏贴容易错误
处理问题的几个套路摘录
套路一：缺少依赖，却不知道安装的具体内容
当提示缺少依赖，而你不知道要yum install什么时，你可以根据提示关键字搜一下yum search，然后在搜出的结果列表中，对有着相同前缀的依赖使用后缀通配符一键下载
