https 排查预热
oss 公有云目前已经全面覆盖了 https 协议，支持 http1.1 （后续回支持 http2 ）,以及通用的 TLS1.0 TLS 1.1 TLS 1.2 支持，下面简单说下遇到报错的几个场景。
openssl
- openssl s_client -connect taobao.com:443 -showcerts < /dev/null 2>&1
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=2 C = BE, O = GlobalSign nv-sa, OU = Root CA, CN = GlobalSign Root CA
verify return:1
depth=1 C = BE, O = GlobalSign nv-sa, CN = GlobalSign Organization Validation CA - SHA256 - G2
verify return:1
depth=0 C = CN, ST = ZheJiang, L = HangZhou, O = "Alibaba (China) Technology Co., Ltd.", CN = *.tmall.com
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=CN/ST=ZheJiang/L=HangZhou/O=Alibaba (China) Technology Co., Ltd./CN=*.tmall.com
i:/C=BE/O=GlobalSign nv-sa/CN=GlobalSign Organization Validation CA - SHA256 - G2
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIILDjCCCfagAwIBAgIMKBLRByCqWyiycbAVMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMGYxCzAJ
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Bt4=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
1 s:/C=BE/O=GlobalSign nv-sa/CN=GlobalSign Organization Validation CA - SHA256 - G2
i:/C=BE/O=GlobalSign nv-sa/OU=Root CA/CN=GlobalSign Root CA
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIEaTCCA1GgAwIBAgILBAAAAAABRE7wQkcwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQAwVzELMAkG
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XN0cvfNVlg/UBsD84iOKJHDTu/B5GqdhcIOKrwbFINihY9Bsrk8y1658GEV1BSl3
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K1pp74P1S8SqtCr4fKGxhZSM9AyHDPSsQPhZSZg=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
---
Server certificate
subject=/C=CN/ST=ZheJiang/L=HangZhou/O=Alibaba (China) Technology Co., Ltd./CN=*.tmall.com
issuer=/C=BE/O=GlobalSign nv-sa/CN=GlobalSign Organization Validation CA - SHA256 - G2
---
No client certificate CA names sent
Peer signing digest: SHA512
Server Temp Key: ECDH, P-256, 256 bits
---
SSL handshake has read 4629 bytes and written 415 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
No ALPN negotiated
SSL-Session:
Protocol : TLSv1.2
Cipher : ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
Session-ID: 103D65403DBE021AE03C0D58F837426C48B1C95B362C06051A77BA23A878116D
Session-ID-ctx:
Master-Key: 053C6176196EF283754A73B4C158D7803930B66FA8363AF549EF14A97C9B0C2261E249A4E786D256D4D4775D53994799
Key-Arg : None
Krb5 Principal: None
PSK identity: None
PSK identity hint: None
TLS session ticket lifetime hint: 300 (seconds)
TLS session ticket:
0000 - 60 82 b6 11 a6 b3 fb 36-5e cc a5 be b7 4a 09 db `......6^....J..
0010 - 3c 9f 84 13 4c 9e 38 d7-aa cd d0 e7 9b 7d a9 ff <...L.8......}..
0020 - 29 85 f9 b8 76 e9 14 e3-ec f5 be 65 75 0d 2f b1 )...v......eu./.
0030 - a0 4c 91 e0 c5 c7 8b 28-b9 7c 0e 57 3a a5 69 b9 .L.....(.|.W:.i.
0040 - ca 52 21 3b 01 47 60 7f-32 94 82 48 19 19 55 c7 .R!;.G`.2..H..U.
0050 - 48 37 fc 00 ed 3b 8a 39-72 d2 51 60 01 c8 d7 7d H7...;.9r.Q`...}
0060 - 03 99 2e 7d ea 14 88 4e-85 6b 4b 92 84 5c 72 0a ...}...N.kK..\r.
0070 - 71 49 4e 86 73 81 46 fd-92 b1 4d 59 0c 26 de 4f qIN.s.F...MY.&.O
0080 - 2b 46 97 1a e6 a5 75 40-d7 18 49 87 8a e7 8b b1 +F....u@..I.....
0090 - 88 b1 50 85 2f d8 c7 e3-cc eb 34 2a 60 d6 4a 0d ..P./.....4*`.J.
Start Time: 1542113320
Timeout : 300 (sec)
Verify return code: 0 (ok)
---
DONE
- 出现握手错误时可以优先使用 openssl 的命令验证下证书的问题，先确认下是否有明显的报错，证书过期，证书链不完整等基础问题。
- oss 目前主要就是根证书和站点证书，根就是 CA 授权的证书，站点就是 web 服务器上存放的证书。
具体的 https 远离就不介绍了，我们就讲一些案例
案例：SSL 握手失败
国外 akamai cdn 到 OSS 的访问出现证书错误
test.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/066ce724b5c410acc6716373633c35fe/5be7aa09/v1/bdd88e4986ad4e94afaaeee2603a5381
GET 0 0 0.38
ERR_FWD_SSL_HANDSHAKE err_conn_strict_cert:ssl1408f10b:1:0::: - 先通过之前的 openssl 命令验证目标 server 的证书链是否完整，是否有明显报错。
- 其次 cdn 上是否有针对证书做缓存的优化， oss 是不定期更新，避免对证书进行缓存。
- 终极手段就是通过抓包来分析下 https 的握手了。
案例：证书授权不匹配
OSS 提示证书非法？
当然不是，该案例，用户有一个 CDN 域名 www.zhang.mobi ，在阿里云配置 CDN 加速，开启 https 后将 OSS 的证书拿下来放到了 CDN 上使用，提示证书非法。
- 用户的域名和 OSS 证书授权的域名根本不是一下，既不满足泛域名，也不满足单个域名的授权，所以访问 CDN 域名时就会报证书非法。
- 但这个错误并不是因为回原访问到 OSS 出现的错误，证书的报错都是浏览器去 CA 验签时返回的错误，不是 OSS 返回。
- 正确的做法应该是在 CDN 上申请和域名匹配的免费站点证书。
