VM与VPC共存（续）-阿里云开发者社区

VM和VPC是大家熟知的虚拟机软件了。有人喜欢VM，有人喜欢VPC，萝卜白菜，各有所爱。

VM优点：支持USB设备；虚拟网卡众多，可以模拟多子网环境；显卡驱动要比VPC好，VPC只支持1280*800分辨率以下，我的1366*768无法全屏；VM自带录像功能，可以做视频教学；VM自带snapshot功能，误操作时还可以回滚。

VM缺点：跑Windows系统确实不如VPC占资源小，速度快。

VPC优点：跑Windows系统确占资源小，速度快，这恐怕是唯一的亮点了。

VPC缺点：显卡驱动在1366*768的分辨率下无法完整的全屏，尤其是对linux的图形化支持更是花屏严重；网卡仅仅包含宿主机的物理网卡和虚拟网卡，有时候做多子网环境还得利用loopback网卡，蓝牙网络，无线网卡等。

所以我一般都是VM和VPC结合使用，做cluster实验时偶尔还用到VS2005。在较早的机器上做实验时，因为机器硬件不支持虚拟化，所以不存在VM和VPC冲突的问题，当我新买了一台I5的本本后，发现VM总是和VPC冲突，并且如果同时打开多个VPC机器，还可能导致物理机蓝屏。

在网上搜索过相关的问题，大部分的矛头都指向VPC中的一个选项：

但是我将虚拟化功能Disable之后打开VPC还是会让正在运行的VM出现中断。

后来，无意中用UltraEdit（记事本也可）打开vmc文件时，仔细看了下里面的代码，代码并不复杂。


 
 

  
  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-16"?>  

  
  <!-- Microsoft Virtual Machine Options and Settings -->  

  
  <preferences>  

  
      <version type="string">2.0</version>  

  
      <alerts>  

  
          <notifications>  

  
              <no_boot_disk type="boolean">true</no_boot_disk>  

  
          </notifications>  

  
      </alerts>  

  
      <hardware>  

  
          <memory>  

  
              <ram_size type="integer">512</ram_size>  

  
          </memory>  

  
          <pci_bus>  

  
              <ethernet_adapter>  

  
                  <controller_count type="integer">1</controller_count>  

  
                  <ethernet_controller id="0">  

  
                      <virtual_network>  

  
                          <id type="bytes">0EB745BD4AB811E081C895FBFEB63705</id>  

  
                          <name type="string">Intel(R) WiFi Link 1000 BGN</name>  

  
                      </virtual_network>  

  
                      <ethernet_card_address type="bytes">0003FF40EB61</ethernet_card_address>  

  
                  </ethernet_controller>  

  
              </ethernet_adapter>  

  
              <video_adapter>  

  
                  <vram_size type="integer">8</vram_size>  

  
              </video_adapter>  

  
              <ide_adapter>  

  
                  <ide_controller id="1">  

  
                      <location id="0">  

  
                          <drive_type type="integer">2</drive_type>  

  
                          <pathname>  

  
                              <absolute type="string" />  

  
                              <relative type="string" />  

  
                          </pathname>  

  
                      </location>  

  
                  </ide_controller>  

  
                  <ide_controller id="0">  

  
                      <location id="0">  

  
                          <drive_type type="integer">1</drive_type>  

  
                          <pathname>  

  
                              <absolute type="string">G:\VPC2007\Lab-CHS\WINXP-PRO-SP3\WINXP-PRO-CHS-SP3.vhd</absolute>  

  
                              <relative type="string">.\WINXP-PRO-CHS-SP3.vhd</relative>  

  
                          </pathname>  

  
                          <undo_pathname>  

  
                              <absolute type="string">G:\VPC2007\Lab-CHS\WINXP-PRO-SP3\VirtualPCUndo_WINXP-PRO-CHS-SP3_0_0_0_10013408212011.vud</absolute>  

  
                              <relative type="string">.\VirtualPCUndo_WINXP-PRO-CHS-SP3_0_0_0_10013408212011.vud</relative>  

  
                          </undo_pathname>  

  
                      </location>  

  
                  </ide_controller>  

  
              </ide_adapter>  

  
          </pci_bus>  

  
          <standard>  

  
              <name type="string">Virtual PC 2007</name>  

  
              <version type="string">0001.0000.0000</version>  

  
          </standard>  

  
          <super_io>  

  
              <floppy id="0">  

  
                  <pathname>  

  
                      <absolute type="string" />  

  
                      <relative type="string" />  

  
                  </pathname>  

  
              </floppy>  

  
              <floppy>  

  
                  <auto_detect type="boolean">true</auto_detect>  

  
              </floppy>  

  
              <parallel_port>  

  
                  <port_shared type="boolean">false</port_shared>  

  
                  <port_type type="integer">0</port_type>  

  
              </parallel_port>  

  
              <serial_port>  

  
                  <connect_immediately type="boolean">false</connect_immediately>  

  
              </serial_port>  

  
          </super_io>  

  
          <bios>  

  
              <base_board>  

  
                  <serial_number type="string">5284-0211-5760-6543-5348-2456-30</serial_number>  

  
              </base_board>  

  
              <bios_guid type="string">{D30B7F05-B995-44E6-A333-64507F56B2AB}</bios_guid>  

  
              <bios_serial_number type="string">5284-0211-5760-6543-5348-2456-30</bios_serial_number>  

  
              <chassis>  

  
                  <asset_tag type="string">5284-0211-5760-6543-5348-2456-30</asset_tag>  

  
                  <serial_number type="string">5284-0211-5760-6543-5348-2456-30</serial_number>  

  
              </chassis>  

  
              <cmos type="bytes">00004000F020378002FFFF2F00FF3F1000003FFF3F1000003F31004C0707070707E9FFFF208580FF01000000200C01800CFC00000000000000000000000000901A32E252580050E999E62401002784004A2080240000000000085AACFE1032547698BAE400000000000003000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000</cmos>  

  
              <time_bytes type="bytes">11003900170000210811</time_bytes>  

  
          </bios>  

  
      </hardware>  

  
      <integration>  

  
          <microsoft>  

  
              <mouse>  

  
                  <allow type="boolean">true</allow>  

  
              </mouse>  

  
              <video>  

  
                  <user_selected>  

  
                      <depth type="integer">16</depth>  

  
                      <height type="integer">480</height>  

  
                      <width type="integer">640</width>  

  
                  </user_selected>  

  
              </video>  

  
          </microsoft>  

  
      </integration>  

  
      <properties>  

  
          <creator>  

  
              <build type="string">6.0.156.0</build>  

  
              <name type="string">Microsoft Virtual PC 2007</name>  

  
          </creator>  

  
          <modifier>  

  
              <build type="string">6.0.192.0</build>  

  
              <name type="string">Microsoft Virtual PC 2007</name>  

  
          </modifier>  

  
      </properties>  

  
      <settings>  

  
          <shutdown>  

  
              <prompt type="boolean">true</prompt>  

  
              <quit>  

  
                  <action type="integer">4</action>  

  
                  <was_running type="boolean">true</was_running>  

  
              </quit>  

  
              <save>  

  
                  <enable type="boolean">true</enable>  

  
              </save>  

  
              <shutdown>  

  
                  <enable type="boolean">true</enable>  

  
              </shutdown>  

  
              <turn_off>  

  
                  <enable type="boolean">true</enable>  

  
              </turn_off>  

  
              <last_shutdown>  

  
                  <choice type="integer">3</choice>  

  
                  <commit type="boolean">false</commit>  

  
              </last_shutdown>  

  
          </shutdown>  

  
          <sound>  

  
              <sound_adapter>  

  
                  <enable type="boolean">true</enable>  

  
              </sound_adapter>  

  
          </sound>  

  
          <startup>  

  
              <automatic>  

  
                  <type type="integer">2</type>  

  
              </automatic>  

  
          </startup>  

  
          <undo_drives>  

  
              <enabled type="boolean">true</enabled>  

  
              <purposely_kept type="boolean">false</purposely_kept>  

  
              <use_default type="boolean">true</use_default>  

  
          </undo_drives>  

  
          <video>  

  
              <disable_resize type="boolean">false</disable_resize>  

  
              <full_screen type="boolean">false</full_screen>  

  
              <mode>  

  
                  <full_screen>  

  
                      <startup type="boolean">false</startup>  

  
                  </full_screen>  

  
              </mode>  

  
              <resolutions>  

  
                  <standard_only type="boolean">false</standard_only>  

  
              </resolutions>  

  
              <height type="integer">600</height>  

  
              <left_position type="integer">151</left_position>  

  
              <max_height type="integer">600</max_height>  

  
              <max_width type="integer">800</max_width>  

  
              <top_position type="integer">62</top_position>  

  
              <width type="integer">800</width>  

  
          </video>  

  
          <guest_os type="integer">3</guest_os>  

  
      </settings>  

  
      <virtual_machines>  

  
          <hw_assist>  

  
              <enable_hw_assist type="boolean">true</enable_hw_assist>  

  
          </hw_assist>  

  
          <allow_packet_filtering type="boolean">false</allow_packet_filtering>  

  
          <allow_promiscuous_mode type="boolean">false</allow_promiscuous_mode>  

  
      </virtual_machines>  

  
  </preferences>

171. <enable_hw_assist type="boolean">true</enable_hw_assist>

大家看上面170-172行代码，原来这台虚拟机一启动就默认打开虚拟化开关，即使关闭了控制台的虚拟化开关也是没用的。将此项设置为false后，VPC再也没有和VM冲突了。

<enable_hw_assist type="boolean">false</enable_hw_assist>

根本原因是宿主机（物理机）不像WIN2008安装有hypervisor去调控虚拟化的硬件资源，所以如果虚拟机打开虚拟化开关会造成硬件资源争夺的情况，严重时造成物理机蓝屏。

至此VM与VPC冲突问题从根本上得到解决。

本文转自yangye1985 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/yangye/645652，如需转载请自行联系原作者

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