上一篇文章中，简单分享一下封装HttpClient工具类的思路及部分代码，本文将分享如何实现插件式配置HttpClient对象。
如果你看过我前面的几篇关于HttpClient的文章或者官网示例，应该都知道HttpClient对象在创建时，都可以设置各种参数，但是却没有简单的进行封装，比如对我来说比较重要的3个：代理、ssl（包含绕过证书验证和自定义证书验证）、超时。还需要自己写。所以这里我就简单封装了一下，顺便还封装了一个连接池的配置。
其实说是插件式配置，那是高大上的说法，说白了，就是采用了建造者模式来创建HttpClient对象（级联调用）。HttpClient的jar包中提供了一个创建HttpClient对象的类HttpClientBuilder。所以我是创建该类的子类HCB，然后做了一些改动。每个配置方法的返回值都是HCB，这样就支持级联调用了。具体代码如下：
package com.tgb.ccl.http.httpclient.builder;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultProxyRoutePlanner;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import com.tgb.ccl.http.common.SSLs;
import com.tgb.ccl.http.exception.HttpProcessException;
/**
* httpclient创建者
*
* @author arron
* @date 2015年11月9日 下午5:45:47
* @version 1.0
*/
public class HCB extends HttpClientBuilder{
private boolean isSetPool=false;//记录是否设置了连接池
private boolean isNewSSL=false;//记录是否设置了更新了ssl
//用于配置ssl
private SSLs ssls = SSLs.getInstance();
private HCB(){}
public static HCB custom(){
return new HCB();
}
/**
* 设置超时时间
*
* @param timeout 超市时间，单位-毫秒
* @return
*/
public HCB timeout(int timeout){
// 配置请求的超时设置
RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom()
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeout)
.setConnectTimeout(timeout)
.setSocketTimeout(timeout)
.build();
return (HCB) this.setDefaultRequestConfig(config);
}
/**
* 设置ssl安全链接
*
* @return
* @throws HttpProcessException
*/
public HCB ssl() throws HttpProcessException {
if(isSetPool){//如果已经设置过线程池，那肯定也就是https链接了
if(isNewSSL){
throw new HttpProcessException("请先设置ssl，后设置pool");
}
return this;
}
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder
.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create()
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
.register("https", ssls.getSSLCONNSF()).build();
//设置连接池大小
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
return (HCB) this.setConnectionManager(connManager);
}
/**
* 设置自定义sslcontext
*
* @param keyStorePath 密钥库路径
* @return
* @throws HttpProcessException
*/
public HCB ssl(String keyStorePath) throws HttpProcessException{
return ssl(keyStorePath,"nopassword");
}
/**
* 设置自定义sslcontext
*
* @param keyStorePath 密钥库路径
* @param keyStorepass 密钥库密码
* @return
* @throws HttpProcessException
*/
public HCB ssl(String keyStorePath, String keyStorepass) throws HttpProcessException{
this.ssls = SSLs.custom().customSSL(keyStorePath, keyStorepass);
this.isNewSSL=true;
return ssl();
}
/**
* 设置连接池（默认开启https）
*
* @param maxTotal 最大连接数
* @param defaultMaxPerRoute 每个路由默认连接数
* @return
* @throws HttpProcessException
*/
public HCB pool(int maxTotal, int defaultMaxPerRoute) throws HttpProcessException{
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder
.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create()
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
.register("https", ssls.getSSLCONNSF()).build();
//设置连接池大小
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
connManager.setMaxTotal(maxTotal);
connManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(defaultMaxPerRoute);
isSetPool=true;
return (HCB) this.setConnectionManager(connManager);
}
/**
* 设置代理
*
* @param hostOrIP 代理host或者ip
* @param port 代理端口
* @return
*/
public HCB proxy(String hostOrIP, int port){
// 依次是代理地址，代理端口号，协议类型
HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost(hostOrIP, port, "http");
DefaultProxyRoutePlanner routePlanner = new DefaultProxyRoutePlanner(proxy);
return (HCB) this.setRoutePlanner(routePlanner);
}
}
大家可以看到，这个有成员变量，而且不是static类型，所以是非线程安全的。所以我为了方便使用，就效仿HttpClients（其custom方法可以创建HttpClientBuilder实例）写了一个静态的custom方法，来返回一个新的HCB实例。将构造方法设置成了private，无法通过new的方式创建实例，所以只能通过custom方法来创建。在想生成HttpClient对象的时候，调用一下build方法就可以了。于是乎就出现了这样简单、方便又明了的调用方式：
HttpClient client = HCB.custom().timeout(10000).proxy("127.0.0.1", 8087).ssl("D:\\keys\\wsriakey","tomcat").build();
说到ssl，还需要另外一个封装的类，为了其他工具类有可能也会用到ssl，所以就单出来了。不多解释，直接上代码：
/**
* 设置ssl
*
* @author arron
* @date 2015年11月3日 下午3:11:54
* @version 1.0
*/
public class SSLs {
private static final SSLHandler simpleVerifier = new SSLHandler();
private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslConnFactory ;
private static SSLs sslutil = new SSLs();
private SSLContext sc;
public static SSLs getInstance(){
return sslutil;
}
public static SSLs custom(){
return new SSLs();
}
// 重写X509TrustManager类的三个方法,信任服务器证书
private static class SSLHandler implements X509TrustManager, HostnameVerifier{
@Override
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
}
@Override
public boolean verify(String paramString, SSLSession paramSSLSession) {
return true;
}
};
// 信任主机
public static HostnameVerifier getVerifier() {
return simpleVerifier;
}
public synchronized SSLConnectionSocketFactory getSSLCONNSF() throws HttpProcessException {
if (sslConnFactory != null)
return sslConnFactory;
try {
SSLContext sc = getSSLContext();
sc.init(null, new TrustManager[] { simpleVerifier }, null);
sslConnFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sc, simpleVerifier);
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
throw new HttpProcessException(e);
}
return sslConnFactory;
}
public SSLs customSSL(String keyStorePath, String keyStorepass) throws HttpProcessException{
FileInputStream instream =null;
KeyStore trustStore = null;
try {
trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
instream = new FileInputStream(new File(keyStorePath));
trustStore.load(instream, keyStorepass.toCharArray());
// 相信自己的CA和所有自签名的证书
sc= SSLContexts.custom().loadTrustMaterial(trustStore, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy()) .build();
} catch (KeyStoreException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | CertificateException | IOException | KeyManagementException e) {
throw new HttpProcessException(e);
}finally{
try {
instream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {}
}
return this;
}
public SSLContext getSSLContext() throws HttpProcessException{
try {
if(sc==null){
sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSLv3");
}
return sc;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new HttpProcessException(e);
}
}
}
基本上就是这样了。在上一篇中遗留了一个小问题，正好在这里说一下。上一篇文中说道提供一个默认的HttpClient实现，其实是2个，分别针对于http和https。方便调用。具体代码如下：
//默认采用的http协议的HttpClient对象
private static HttpClient client4HTTP;
//默认采用的https协议的HttpClient对象
private static HttpClient client4HTTPS;
static{
try {
client4HTTP = HCB.custom().build();
client4HTTPS = HCB.custom().ssl().build();
} catch (HttpProcessException e) {
logger.error("创建https协议的HttpClient对象出错：{}", e);
}
}
/**
* 判断url是http还是https，直接返回相应的默认client对象
*
* @return 返回对应默认的client对象
* @throws HttpProcessException
*/
private static HttpClient create(String url) throws HttpProcessException {
if(url.toLowerCase().startsWith("https://")){
return client4HTTPS;
}else{
return client4HTTP;
}
}
这样在使用工具类的时候，如果不需要自定义HttpClient时，就直接用下面的方式调用：
public static void testSimple() throws HttpProcessException{
String url = "http://tool.oschina.net/";
//简单调用
String resp = HttpClientUtil.send(url);
System.out.println("请求结果内容长度："+ resp);
}
好了，插件化配置HttpClient，就是这些内容，在下一篇文章中分享如何插件式配置Header。没错，思路还是跟本文一样。敬请期待吧。
代码已上传至：https://github.com/Arronlong/httpclientUtil。
