在 Python 中,有多种解法可以实现两数相加。以下是几种常见的解法:
- 逐位相加:将两个数的每一位进行相加,并考虑进位。使用循环遍历两个数的每一位,将对应位相加并考虑进位,然后将结果添加到一个新的列表中。最后,将列表转换为整数即可得到最终结果。
def addTwoNumbers(l1, l2): carry = 0 head = ListNode(0) curr = head while l1 or l2: x = l1.val if l1 else 0 y = l2.val if l2 else 0 sum = carry + x + y carry = sum // 10 curr.next = ListNode(sum % 10) curr = curr.next if l1: l1 = l1.next if l2: l2 = l2.next if carry > 0: curr.next = ListNode(carry) return head.next
- 递归相加:可以使用递归的方式实现两数相加。递归地处理每一位的相加,并将进位传递到下一位的相加中。
def addTwoNumbers(l1, l2, carry=0): if not l1 and not l2 and not carry: return None x = l1.val if l1 else 0 y = l2.val if l2 else 0 sum = carry + x + y carry = sum // 10 result = ListNode(sum % 10) l1_next = l1.next if l1 else None l2_next = l2.next if l2 else None result.next = addTwoNumbers(l1_next, l2_next, carry) return result
- 倒序相加:如果两个数的位数不一致,可以在相加之前先将两个数补齐为相同长度。然后从最低位开始逐位相加,并考虑进位。
def addTwoNumbers(l1, l2): len1 = get_length(l1) len2 = get_length(l2) if len1 > len2: l2 = pad_zeros(l2, len1 - len2) else: l1 = pad_zeros(l1, len2 - len1) head = ListNode(0) curr = head carry = 0 while l1 and l2: sum = l1.val + l2.val + carry carry = sum // 10 curr.next = ListNode(sum % 10) curr = curr.next l1 = l1.next l2 = l2.next if carry > 0: curr.next = ListNode(carry) return head.next def get_length(node): length = 0 while node: length += 1 node = node.next return length def pad_zeros(node, num_zeros): for _ in range(num_zeros): new_node = ListNode(0) new_node.next = node node = new_node return node
这些都是两数相加的常见解法,在实际应用中可以根据具体需求选择合适的方法。