MyBatis原理分析之查询单个对象-1

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简介: MyBatis原理分析之查询单个对象-1

流程原理分析系列:

MyBatis原理分析之获取SqlSessionFactory

MyBatis原理分析之获取SqlSession

MyBatis原理分析之获取Mapper接口的代理对象

MyBatis原理分析之查询单个对象


背景

  • 开启了二级缓存
  • 查询单个对象



实例代码如下:

SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = getSqlSessionFactory();
// 默认是DefaultSqlSession
SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
try {
  // 得到的是一个代理对象 MapperProxy
  EmployeeMapper mapper = openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapper.class);
  Employee employee = mapper.getEmpById(1);
  System.out.println(mapper);
  System.out.println(employee);
} finally {
  openSession.close();
}


前面我们获取的Mapper接口的代理对象,下面我们分析代理对象查询单个对象的流程。时序图如下:


【1】MapperProxy和MapperMethod


前面我们分析了获取Mapper接口的代理对象,会首先创建MapperProxy。MapperProxy是一个实现了InvocationHandler接口的调用处理程序,当调用Mapper接口的代理对象时,会触发MapperProxy的invoke方法。

public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
 if (Object.class.equals(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
   try {
     return method.invoke(this, args);
   } catch (Throwable t) {
     throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t);
   }
 }
 //找到缓存的MapperMethod ,如果没有就新实例化一个,这个很重要
 final MapperMethod mapperMethod = cachedMapperMethod(method);
 // args是什么呢,就是触发mapper接口方法时我们传的参数,
 //其是一个Object数组,里面存放了我们传入的具体值
 return mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args);
}



① MapperMethod

MapperMethod是什么?先看其属性和构造函数。

public class MapperMethod {
  private final SqlCommand command;
  private final MethodSignature method;
  public MapperMethod(Class<?> mapperInterface, Method method, Configuration config) {
    this.command = new SqlCommand(config, mapperInterface, method);
    this.method = new MethodSignature(config, mapperInterface, method);
  }
//...
}


1.1 SqlCommand是什么?

其是MapperMethod的静态嵌套类,我们看其属性和构造函数。

 public static class SqlCommand {
    private final String name;
    private final SqlCommandType type;
    public SqlCommand(Configuration configuration, Class<?> mapperInterface, Method method) {
      String statementName = mapperInterface.getName() + "." + method.getName();
      MappedStatement ms = null;
      if (configuration.hasStatement(statementName)) {
        ms = configuration.getMappedStatement(statementName);
      } else if (!mapperInterface.equals(method.getDeclaringClass())) { // issue #35
        String parentStatementName = method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + "." + method.getName();
        if (configuration.hasStatement(parentStatementName)) {
          ms = configuration.getMappedStatement(parentStatementName);
        }
      }
      if (ms == null) {
        if(method.getAnnotation(Flush.class) != null){
          name = null;
          type = SqlCommandType.FLUSH;
        } else {
          throw new BindingException("Invalid bound statement (not found): " + statementName);
        }
      } else {
        name = ms.getId();
        type = ms.getSqlCommandType();
        if (type == SqlCommandType.UNKNOWN) {
          throw new BindingException("Unknown execution method for: " + name);
        }
      }
    }


可以看到:


name是MappedStatement 的id,也就是namespace+mapper接口的方法名称

type 为UNKNOWN, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, SELECT, FLUSH其中之一

也就是SqlCommand 是从MappedStatement 抽离出来的的简单标明某个MappedStatement 是一个什么样的SQL动作。

1.2 MethodSignature是什么?

方法签名,顾名思义维护了方法的诸多特征如返回类型。其是MapperMethod的静态嵌套类,MethodSignature属性和构造函数如下所示:

public static class MethodSignature {
  private final boolean returnsMany;//是否多值查询
  private final boolean returnsMap;//是否map查询
  private final boolean returnsVoid;//是否void查询
  private final boolean returnsCursor;//是否游标查询
  private final Class<?> returnType; //返回类型
  private final String mapKey;//获取mapKey的值
  //ResultHandler 参数在参数列表中的位置
  private final Integer resultHandlerIndex;
  //RowBounds 参数在参数列表中的位置
  private final Integer rowBoundsIndex;
  //参数解析器
  private final ParamNameResolver paramNameResolver; 
    public MethodSignature(Configuration configuration, Class<?> mapperInterface, Method method) {
      Type resolvedReturnType = TypeParameterResolver.resolveReturnType(method, mapperInterface);
      if (resolvedReturnType instanceof Class<?>) {
        this.returnType = (Class<?>) resolvedReturnType;
      } else if (resolvedReturnType instanceof ParameterizedType) {
        this.returnType = (Class<?>) ((ParameterizedType) resolvedReturnType).getRawType();
      } else {
        this.returnType = method.getReturnType();
      }
       // 检测返回值类型是否是 void、集合或数组、Cursor、Map 等
      this.returnsVoid = void.class.equals(this.returnType);
      this.returnsMany = (configuration.getObjectFactory().isCollection(this.returnType) || this.returnType.isArray());
      this.returnsCursor = Cursor.class.equals(this.returnType);
      // 解析 @MapKey 注解,获取注解内容
      this.mapKey = getMapKey(method);
      this.returnsMap = (this.mapKey != null);
      // 获取 RowBounds 参数在参数列表中的位置,
      //如果参数列表中包含多个 RowBounds 参数,此方法会抛出异常
      this.rowBoundsIndex = getUniqueParamIndex(method, RowBounds.class);
      // 获取 ResultHandler 参数在参数列表中的位置
      this.resultHandlerIndex = getUniqueParamIndex(method, ResultHandler.class);
      //获取参数解析器,构造函数会解析方法的参数列表
      this.paramNameResolver = new ParamNameResolver(configuration, method);
    }
 //...
}   


代码解释如下:


① 获取返回类型

② 判断返回类型是否是 void、集合或数组、Cursor、Map 等

③ 获取mapKey并判断是否返回Map,不存在则为null;

④ 确定RowBounds在参数列表的位置,如果有多个则抛出异常;不存在则为null。

⑤ 确定ResultHandler在参数列表的位置,如果有多个则抛出异常;不存在则为null。

⑥ 实例化参数解析器ParamNameResolver

1.3 ParamNameResolver是什么?


顾名思义,参数名称解析器。在实例化方法签名MethodSignature会实例化ParamNameResolver。我们看下属性和构造函数,构造方法最重要的功能就是实例化了SortedMap<Integer, String> names,该SortedMap维护了方法的参数下标与参数名称的映射关系。

public class ParamNameResolver {
  private static final String GENERIC_NAME_PREFIX = "param";
  private static final String PARAMETER_CLASS = "java.lang.reflect.Parameter";
  private static Method GET_NAME = null;
  private static Method GET_PARAMS = null;
  static {
    try {
      Class<?> paramClass = Resources.classForName(PARAMETER_CLASS);
      GET_NAME = paramClass.getMethod("getName");
      GET_PARAMS = Method.class.getMethod("getParameters");
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // ignore
    }
  }
  //维护了方法的参数 索引下标--参数名称 
  private final SortedMap<Integer, String> names;
  private boolean hasParamAnnotation;
  public ParamNameResolver(Configuration config, Method method) {
    final Class<?>[] paramTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
    final Annotation[][] paramAnnotations = method.getParameterAnnotations();
    final SortedMap<Integer, String> map = new TreeMap<Integer, String>();
    int paramCount = paramAnnotations.length;
    // get names from @Param annotations
    for (int paramIndex = 0; paramIndex < paramCount; paramIndex++) {
      if (isSpecialParameter(paramTypes[paramIndex])) {
        // skip special parameters
        continue;
      }
      String name = null;
      for (Annotation annotation : paramAnnotations[paramIndex]) {
        if (annotation instanceof Param) {
          hasParamAnnotation = true;
          name = ((Param) annotation).value();
          break;
        }
      }
      if (name == null) {
        // @Param was not specified. useActualParamName 属性在新版本mybatis中默认为TRUE!
        if (config.isUseActualParamName()) {
          name = getActualParamName(method, paramIndex);
        }
        if (name == null) {
          // use the parameter index as the name ("0", "1", ...)
          // gcode issue #71
          name = String.valueOf(map.size());
        }
      }
      map.put(paramIndex, name);
    }
    names = Collections.unmodifiableSortedMap(map);
  }
//...
}  

这里先看下常量成员SortedMap<Integer, String> names

//其实一个UnmodifiableSortedMap类型,排序且不可修改
private final SortedMap<Integer, String> names


  • key是索引index,值是参数的名称;
  • 如果参数被@Param注解重命名,则取其注解值作为name值;
  • 如果么有使用@Params注解,则取其参数索引作为name值;


  • 注意,参数索引不计算RowBounds、ResultHandler类型
aMethod(@Param("M") int a, @Param("N") int b) -> {{0, "M"}, {1, "N"}};
aMethod(int a, int b) -> {{0, "0"}, {1, "1"}};
//跳过RowBounds rb
aMethod(int a, RowBounds rb, int b) -> {{0, "0"}, {2, "1"}}



也就是说names里面保存的是第几个参数对应的参数名称是什么。

然后我们解释下构造函数的内容


判断当前参数类型是否RowBound或ResultHandler,如果是则进行下次循环;

如果有@Param注解,则@Param注解的值作为name的值;

如果configuration中useActualParamName为true,则根据参数索引解析参数name值,诸如arg0、arg1…

获取当前map的大小作为name的值

SortedMap<Integer, String> names可能如下:

//@Param("idxxx")  id
{0=idxx}
//configuration中useActualParamName为true
{0=arg0}
//前两种都不存在
{0=0}


如下图是一个names实例:



Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args)


MapperMethodexecute方法是核心入口方法,调用MapperProxy的invoke方法中就会触发mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args);。execute源码如下所示:

pub public Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
    Object result;
    switch (command.getType()) {
      case INSERT: {
      Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.insert(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case UPDATE: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.update(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case DELETE: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.delete(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case SELECT:
        if (method.returnsVoid() && method.hasResultHandler()) {
          executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
          result = null;
        } else if (method.returnsMany()) {
          result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsMap()) {
          result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsCursor()) {
          result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args);
        } else {
          Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
          result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
        }
        break;
      case FLUSH:
        result = sqlSession.flushStatements();
        break;
      default:
        throw new BindingException("Unknown execution method for: " + command.getName());
    }
    if (result == null && method.getReturnType().isPrimitive() && !method.returnsVoid()) {
      throw new BindingException("Mapper method '" + command.getName() 
          + " attempted to return null from a method with a primitive return type (" + method.getReturnType() + ").");
    }
    return result;
  }

代码解释如下:


① 根据command.getType也就SQL动作类型,判断走哪个分支;

② method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args)解析参数,可能返回一个单独值或者map

③ 根据②返回的参数进行不同分支的CRUD,拿到结果result;

④ 判断是否抛出异常或者返回result。

③ 参数解析convertArgsToSqlCommandParam

这里我们看一下method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args)是如何解析参数的。该方法内部调用了paramNameResolver.getNamedParams(args)


这里names{"0":"0"},args[1] ,args是传递的参数值,是一个Object[]

//也就是获取Object[] args中每一个值对应的参数key是什么
public Object getNamedParams(Object[] args) {
  final int paramCount = names.size();
  if (args == null || paramCount == 0) {
    return null;
  } else if (!hasParamAnnotation && paramCount == 1) {
    return args[names.firstKey()];
  } else {
    final Map<String, Object> param = new ParamMap<Object>();
    int i = 0;
    for (Map.Entry<Integer, String> entry : names.entrySet()) {
      param.put(entry.getValue(), args[entry.getKey()]);
      // add generic param names (param1, param2, ...)
      final String genericParamName = GENERIC_NAME_PREFIX + String.valueOf(i + 1);
      // ensure not to overwrite parameter named with @Param
      if (!names.containsValue(genericParamName)) {
        param.put(genericParamName, args[entry.getKey()]);
      }
      i++;
    }
    return param;
}


代码解释如下:

  • ① 如果argsnull或者names为空,直接返回null
  • ② 如果没有使用@Param注解并且names.size()==1,直接返回args[names.firstKey()]

③ 遍历names.entrySet,向里面放入两种类型键值对:

 param.put(entry.getValue(), args[entry.getKey()]);
 param.put(genericParamName, args[entry.getKey()]);
 这里如{"0":"1","param1":"1"}


【2】DefaultSqlSession


回顾一下DefaultSqlSession的核心成员与构造方法如下,其核心成员 configuration 与 exceutor均是private final修饰也就是赋值后不可再更改。在实例化DefaultSqlSession时,已经为其指定了执行器Executor ,这是进行DML操作的基础组件。


private final Configuration configuration;
private final Executor executor;
private final boolean autoCommit;
private boolean dirty;
private List<Cursor<?>> cursorList;
public DefaultSqlSession(Configuration configuration, Executor executor, boolean autoCommit) {
  this.configuration = configuration;
  this.executor = executor;
  this.dirty = false;
  this.autoCommit = autoCommit;
}


① selectOne

方法源码如下:

@Override
public <T> T selectOne(String statement, Object parameter) {
  // Popular vote was to return null on 0 results and throw exception on too many.
  List<T> list = this.<T>selectList(statement, parameter);
  if (list.size() == 1) {
    return list.get(0);
  } else if (list.size() > 1) {
    throw new TooManyResultsException("Expected one result (or null) to be returned by selectOne(), but found: " + list.size());
  } else {
    return null;
  }
}


这里statement就是ms的id,就是namespace+方法名称(insert|update|select|delete的id),如com.mybatis.dao.EmployeeMapper.getEmpById。

parameter就是前面解析的参数值或者参数-值Map集合。代码解释如下:


  • ① 调用selectList获取结果list;
  • ② 如果①中获取的结果list只有一个值,直接返回;
  • ③ 如果①中获取的结果list.size()>1,抛出异常;
  • ④ 否则返回null。


② selectList

相关代码如下:

@Override
public <E> List<E> selectList(String statement, Object parameter) {
  return this.selectList(statement, parameter, RowBounds.DEFAULT);
}
@Override
public <E> List<E> selectList(String statement, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds) {
  try {
    MappedStatement ms = configuration.getMappedStatement(statement);
    return executor.query(ms, wrapCollection(parameter), rowBounds, Executor.NO_RESULT_HANDLER);
  } catch (Exception e) {
    throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error querying database.  Cause: " + e, e);
  } finally {
    ErrorContext.instance().reset();
  }
}



代码解释如下:


根据statement从config实例的final Map<String, MappedStatement> mappedStatements = new StrictMap<MappedStatement>中获取MappedStatement 对象

对参数值(parameter对象)进行集合包装后,使用executor进行查询wrapCollection方法如下所示:

  private Object wrapCollection(final Object object) {
    if (object instanceof Collection) {
      StrictMap<Object> map = new StrictMap<Object>();
      map.put("collection", object);
      if (object instanceof List) {
        map.put("list", object);
      }
      return map;
    } else if (object != null && object.getClass().isArray()) {
      StrictMap<Object> map = new StrictMap<Object>();
      map.put("array", object);
      return map;
    }
    return object;
  }


代码解释如下:


① 如果是Collection类型

② 不是List类型,则往StrictMap中放入 map.put("collection", object);,返回map

③ 是List类型,则在②基础上额外放入map.put("list", object);然后返回map

④ 如果是Array类型,则放入map.put("array", object);,返回map

⑤ 返回object

【3】CachingExecutor

CachingExecutor属性和构造函数如下:

public class CachingExecutor implements Executor {
  private Executor delegate;
  private TransactionalCacheManager tcm = new TransactionalCacheManager();
  public CachingExecutor(Executor delegate) {
    this.delegate = delegate;
    delegate.setExecutorWrapper(this);
  }
//...
}  


TransactionalCacheManager属性如下(无有参构造方法)

public class TransactionalCacheManager {
  private Map<Cache, TransactionalCache> transactionalCaches = new HashMap<Cache, TransactionalCache>();
  //...
}  


TransactionalCache属性和构造函数如下:

public class TransactionalCache implements Cache {
  private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(TransactionalCache.class);
  //实际缓存对象
  private Cache delegate;
  private boolean clearOnCommit;
  //缓存key---查询结果
  private Map<Object, Object> entriesToAddOnCommit;
  //没有对应value的缓存key
  private Set<Object> entriesMissedInCache;
  public TransactionalCache(Cache delegate) {
    this.delegate = delegate;
    this.clearOnCommit = false;
    this.entriesToAddOnCommit = new HashMap<Object, Object>();
    this.entriesMissedInCache = new HashSet<Object>();
  }
//...
}  


通过上面代码可以看到:


每一个CachingExecutor 有一个对应的TransactionalCacheManager(事务缓存管理器)。

每一个TransactionalCacheManager维护了一个Map<Cache, TransactionalCache> transactionalCaches。

回顾一下,每一个SqlSession有一个成员Executor。mapper接口的代理对象是通过SqlSession获取的,代理对象有指向sqlsession实例的引用。所以在一次会话间,如果对不同namespace进行了CRUD操作,那么所遇到的Cache可能有多个。故而这里transactionalCaches 是一个new HashMap<Cache, TransactionalCache>();类型,也标明了二级缓存的级别是namespace。言归正传,我们继续看查询过程。

@Override
public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler) throws SQLException {
  BoundSql boundSql = ms.getBoundSql(parameterObject);
  CacheKey key = createCacheKey(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, boundSql);
  return query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
}


① 获取BoundSql

MappedStatement.getBoundSql方法源码如下:

  public BoundSql getBoundSql(Object parameterObject) {
    BoundSql boundSql = sqlSource.getBoundSql(parameterObject);
    List<ParameterMapping> parameterMappings = boundSql.getParameterMappings();
    if (parameterMappings == null || parameterMappings.isEmpty()) {
      boundSql = new BoundSql(configuration, boundSql.getSql(), parameterMap.getParameterMappings(), parameterObject);
    }
    // check for nested result maps in parameter mappings (issue #30)
    for (ParameterMapping pm : boundSql.getParameterMappings()) {
      String rmId = pm.getResultMapId();
      if (rmId != null) {
        ResultMap rm = configuration.getResultMap(rmId);
        if (rm != null) {
          hasNestedResultMaps |= rm.hasNestedResultMaps();
        }
      }
    }
    return boundSql;
  }


代码解释如下:

  • ① 根据sqlSource和参数值对象parameterObject获取BoundSql。每一个MappedStatement都有一个SqlSource实例,sqlsource实例如下:
  • ② 如果①中获取的boundSql对象的parameterMappings为空,则新建一个BoundSql实例对象;
  • ③ 对boundSql对象的parameterMappings进行遍历循环,判断在ParameterMapping中是否有嵌套结果映射。

② 获取CacheKey

装饰者模式的应用,CachingExecutor内部有一个被装饰者Executor delegate

@Override
public CacheKey createCacheKey(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, BoundSql boundSql) {
  return delegate.createCacheKey(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, boundSql);
}


可以看到这里CachingExecutor交给了其装饰的delegate(这里是SimpleExecutor)来处理。SimpleExecutor将会调用父类BaseExecutorcreateCacheKey方法进行处理

@Override
public CacheKey createCacheKey(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, BoundSql boundSql) {
 if (closed) {
   throw new ExecutorException("Executor was closed.");
 }
 CacheKey cacheKey = new CacheKey();
 cacheKey.update(ms.getId());
 cacheKey.update(rowBounds.getOffset());
 cacheKey.update(rowBounds.getLimit());
 cacheKey.update(boundSql.getSql());
 List<ParameterMapping> parameterMappings = boundSql.getParameterMappings();
 TypeHandlerRegistry typeHandlerRegistry = ms.getConfiguration().getTypeHandlerRegistry();
 // mimic DefaultParameterHandler logic
 for (ParameterMapping parameterMapping : parameterMappings) {
   if (parameterMapping.getMode() != ParameterMode.OUT) {
     Object value;
     String propertyName = parameterMapping.getProperty();
     if (boundSql.hasAdditionalParameter(propertyName)) {
       value = boundSql.getAdditionalParameter(propertyName);
     } else if (parameterObject == null) {
       value = null;
     } else if (typeHandlerRegistry.hasTypeHandler(parameterObject.getClass())) {
       value = parameterObject;
     } else {
       MetaObject metaObject = configuration.newMetaObject(parameterObject);
       value = metaObject.getValue(propertyName);
     }
     cacheKey.update(value);
   }
 }
 if (configuration.getEnvironment() != null) {
   // issue #176
   cacheKey.update(configuration.getEnvironment().getId());
 }
 return cacheKey;
}



可以看到这里CachingExecutor交给了其装饰的delegate(这里是SimpleExecutor)来处理。SimpleExecutor将会调用父类BaseExecutorcreateCacheKey方法进行处理

@Override
public CacheKey createCacheKey(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, BoundSql boundSql) {
 if (closed) {
   throw new ExecutorException("Executor was closed.");
 }
 CacheKey cacheKey = new CacheKey();
 cacheKey.update(ms.getId());
 cacheKey.update(rowBounds.getOffset());
 cacheKey.update(rowBounds.getLimit());
 cacheKey.update(boundSql.getSql());
 List<ParameterMapping> parameterMappings = boundSql.getParameterMappings();
 TypeHandlerRegistry typeHandlerRegistry = ms.getConfiguration().getTypeHandlerRegistry();
 // mimic DefaultParameterHandler logic
 for (ParameterMapping parameterMapping : parameterMappings) {
   if (parameterMapping.getMode() != ParameterMode.OUT) {
     Object value;
     String propertyName = parameterMapping.getProperty();
     if (boundSql.hasAdditionalParameter(propertyName)) {
       value = boundSql.getAdditionalParameter(propertyName);
     } else if (parameterObject == null) {
       value = null;
     } else if (typeHandlerRegistry.hasTypeHandler(parameterObject.getClass())) {
       value = parameterObject;
     } else {
       MetaObject metaObject = configuration.newMetaObject(parameterObject);
       value = metaObject.getValue(propertyName);
     }
     cacheKey.update(value);
   }
 }
 if (configuration.getEnvironment() != null) {
   // issue #176
   cacheKey.update(configuration.getEnvironment().getId());
 }
 return cacheKey;
}


CacheKey是什么?

每个MappedStatement都可能对应一个CacheKey,唯一标识在Cache中的存储。

ppublic class CacheKey implements Cloneable, Serializable {
  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1146682552656046210L;
  public static final CacheKey NULL_CACHE_KEY = new NullCacheKey();
  private static final int DEFAULT_MULTIPLYER = 37;
  private static final int DEFAULT_HASHCODE = 17;
  private int multiplier;
  private int hashcode;
  private long checksum;
  private int count;
  private List<Object> updateList;
  public CacheKey() {
    this.hashcode = DEFAULT_HASHCODE;
    this.multiplier = DEFAULT_MULTIPLYER;
    this.count = 0;
    this.updateList = new ArrayList<Object>();
  }
//...
}  



private void doUpdate(Object object) {
  int baseHashCode = object == null ? 1 : object.hashCode();
  //默认值 0
  count++;
  checksum += baseHashCode;
  baseHashCode *= count;
  //默认值37 hashcode默认值17
  hashcode = multiplier * hashcode + baseHashCode;
  updateList.add(object);
}


算法逻辑解释如下:


① 计算每个入参的hashCode作为baseHashCode ;

② 计算次数或者处理次数count +1;

③ checksum 记录目前为止所有入参的hashCode和;

④ hashcode = multiplier * hashcode + baseHashCode*count;

⑤将当前object放入updateList中这里得到的CacheKey如下所示:

-272712784:4091614186:com.mybatis.dao.EmployeeMapper.getEmpById:0:2147483647
:select id,last_name lastName,email,gender from tbl_employee where id = ?
:1:development


hashcode:checksum:ms.getId():rowBounds.getOffset():rowBounds.getLimit():boundSql.getSql():value:environment.getId()


③ query查询数据

CachingExecutor的query方法如下:


//参数parameterObject指的是参数值对象
@Override
public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql)
    throws SQLException {
  Cache cache = ms.getCache();
  if (cache != null) {
    flushCacheIfRequired(ms);
    if (ms.isUseCache() && resultHandler == null) {
      ensureNoOutParams(ms, parameterObject, boundSql);
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
      List<E> list = (List<E>) tcm.getObject(cache, key);
      if (list == null) {
        list = delegate.<E> query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
        tcm.putObject(cache, key, list); // issue #578 and #116
      }
      return list;
    }
  }
  return delegate.<E> query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
}

代码解释如下:


① 获取当前MappedStatementd对应的二级缓存对象Cache;

② 如果Cache不为空:

③ 判断是否需要清空缓存,需要则清空;

④ 如果isUseCache为true且resultHandler为空则执行5678,否则直接执行9

⑤ 确保没有out类型参数-针对StatementType.CALLABLE而言,只适用于ParameterMode.IN;

⑥ 从缓存中获取结果list;

⑦ 如果结果list不为空则直接返回;

⑧ 如果list为空则进行数据库查询然后将查询结果放入缓存Cache中;

⑨ 如果Cache为空,则直接调用数据库查询结果

【4】BaseExecutor

CachingExecutor将数据库查询操作交给了SimpleExecutor(CachingExecutor对SimpleExecutor进行了装饰)。而SimpleExecutor继承自抽象父类BaseExecutor,并没有覆盖父类的 query方法,故而这里直接走到BaseExecutor的query方法。

① query

 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  @Override
  public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
    ErrorContext.instance().resource(ms.getResource()).activity("executing a query").object(ms.getId());
    if (closed) {
      throw new ExecutorException("Executor was closed.");
    }
    if (queryStack == 0 && ms.isFlushCacheRequired()) {
      clearLocalCache();
    }
    List<E> list;
    try {
      queryStack++;
      list = resultHandler == null ? (List<E>) localCache.getObject(key) : null;
      if (list != null) {
        handleLocallyCachedOutputParameters(ms, key, parameter, boundSql);
      } else {
        list = queryFromDatabase(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
      }
    } finally {
      queryStack--;
    }
    if (queryStack == 0) {
      for (DeferredLoad deferredLoad : deferredLoads) {
        deferredLoad.load();
      }
      // issue #601
      deferredLoads.clear();
      if (configuration.getLocalCacheScope() == LocalCacheScope.STATEMENT) {
        // issue #482
        clearLocalCache();
      }
    }
    return list;
  }

代码解释如下:


① 如果需要,则清理本地缓存localCache和localOutputParameterCache-这是CALLABLE类型中参数为out类型;

② 如果resultHandler为null,则尝试从本地缓存中根据缓存key获取结果list:

③ 如果list不为null,则尝试处理CALLABLE类型中参数为out类型(如果当前是CALLABLE且参数为out`类型);

④ 如果list为null,则进行数据库查询;

⑤ 如果deferredLoads不为空,则遍历循环进行延迟加载处理。处理完后,清空deferredLoads

⑥ 如果localCacheScope==STATEMENT,则清空一级缓存;

② queryFromDatabase

查询方法如下所示,这里参数中key是缓存key,parameter是参数值对象(可能是一个值,也可能是一个map等)。

private <E> List<E> queryFromDatabase(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
    List<E> list;
    localCache.putObject(key, EXECUTION_PLACEHOLDER);
    try {
      list = doQuery(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
    } finally {
      localCache.removeObject(key);
    }
    localCache.putObject(key, list);
    if (ms.getStatementType() == StatementType.CALLABLE) {
      localOutputParameterCache.putObject(key, parameter);
    }
    return list;
  }

代码解释如下:


① localCache本地一级缓存中放入当前缓存key与占位对象;

② 执行数据库查询;

③ 从localCache移除key,然后放入key-list

④ 如果当前语句是CALLABLE,则将key-parameter放入localOutputParameterCache;

这里需要注意的是,localCache默认是PerpetualCache实例,其内部使用private Map<Object, Object> cache = new HashMap<>();维护缓存数据。而PerpetualCache实例是BaseExecutor实例的一个普通成员,并没有使用ThreadLocal维护。所以如果多个线程使用同一个sqlsession实例进行数据库操作的时候 ,可能出现并发问题,sqlsession并非线程安全!


如下图所示,在 localCache.putObject(key, list);处中断,线程1读取数据库结果为2条,线程2读取了3条,那么此时无论谁先更新缓存,对其都可能造成“幻读”错觉!如何解决sqlsession线程不安全问题呢?最好的方案是保证每一个事务或线程拥有独属的sqlsession!

facf3f40192e48bda60d0bf38134be21.png

【5】SimpleExecutor

① doQuery

前面的query可以理解为前置处理、后置处理,这里doQuery是解析参数、查询数据并处理返回结果的核心方法。

@Override
public <E> List<E> doQuery(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
  Statement stmt = null;
  try {
    Configuration configuration = ms.getConfiguration();
    StatementHandler handler = configuration.newStatementHandler(wrapper, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
    stmt = prepareStatement(handler, ms.getStatementLog());
    return handler.<E>query(stmt, resultHandler);
  } finally {
    closeStatement(stmt);
  }
}


代码解释如下:


① 获取全局的configuration实例;

② 获取RoutingStatementHandler实例,在此过程中还会创建ParameterHandler和ResultSetHandler实例。interceptorChain.pluginAll对StatementHandler实例进行代理。

③ 获取预编译处理语句并进行参数解析;

④ 使用StatementHandler 进行查询;

⑤ closeStatement关闭连接等,然后返回结果。

MyBatis提供了一种插件机制,具体来说就是四大对象Executor、StatementHandler、ParameterHandler、ResultSetHandler的每个对象在创建时,都会执行interceptorChain.pluginAll(),会经过每个插件对象的 plugin()方法,目的是为当前的四大对象创建代理。代理对象就可以拦截到四大对象相关方法的执行,因为要执行四大对象的方法需要经过代理 。


接下来我们详细分析②③④的具体过程。

② configuration.newStatementHandler

 public StatementHandler newStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
    StatementHandler statementHandler = new RoutingStatementHandler(executor, mappedStatement, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
    statementHandler = (StatementHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(statementHandler);
    return statementHandler;
  }


代码解释如下:

  • ① 先创建RoutingStatementHandler实例;
  • ② 对statementHandler 实例进行拦截器层层代理;


RoutingStatementHandler

RoutingStatementHandler属性和构造函数。

public class RoutingStatementHandler implements StatementHandler {
private final StatementHandler delegate;
public RoutingStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
  switch (ms.getStatementType()) {
    case STATEMENT:
      delegate = new SimpleStatementHandler(executor, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
      break;
    case PREPARED:
      delegate = new PreparedStatementHandler(executor, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
      break;
    case CALLABLE:
      delegate = new CallableStatementHandler(executor, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
      break;
    default:
      throw new ExecutorException("Unknown statement type: " + ms.getStatementType());
  }
}
//...
}

上面可以看到,在构造函数中先创建了parameterHandler 实例,然后根据parameterHandler 实例创建了resultSetHandler 实例。

newParameterHandler

public ParameterHandler newParameterHandler(MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, BoundSql boundSql) {
  ParameterHandler parameterHandler = mappedStatement.getLang().createParameterHandler(mappedStatement, parameterObject, boundSql);
  parameterHandler = (ParameterHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(parameterHandler);
  return parameterHandler;
}

代码解释如下:

  • ① 创建ParameterHandler,默认是DefaultParameterHandler实例;
  • interceptorChain.pluginAll进行层层插件代理,返回一个代理对象。
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